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VOLUME LXV, NUMBER 19655

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the Jerusalem

POST

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MONDAY. JUNE 23. 1997 . Sl'VAN 18, 5757 • 17 SAFAR 1418

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8-page supplement

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Folksy realism
in ‘Sling Blade’

Arte & Entertainment, Page S

Beneath the smiles
at the summit

World News, Page 4

Index

Arts & Entertainment

Business

Crossword

Movios/TV

Opinion

Sports

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WORLD

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Mordechai visits Hebron

Surrounded by soldiers and security men. Defense Minister Yitzhak Mordechai (center) walks down the main street in the
Jewish section rfflebroii yesterday. Story, Page 2.

(Reuter)

croc

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By UATCOLUNS

In the latest round of the three-
year fight over crocodile
wrestling, the crocodiles won.

The Supreme Court yesterday
upheld a petition by die Let the
Animals Live organization and
agreed that performances, in
which young crocodiles or alli-
gators are grabbed from the
water by their tails, flipped on
their backs, and have their jaws
forcibly opened are likely to
cause suffering. The court said
that such performances are
banned under the Anti-Cruelty
to Animals Law, which specifi-
cally" bars pitting animals
against each other or against
humans.

The group "won a case against
Hamat Gader in May 1995,
which was overturned the fol-
lowing February. The ruling was
upheld by the three-justice panel

yesterday.

The management of Hamat
Gader maintained that there is
no proof that the animals suf-
fered anything more than dis-
comfort.

Hamat Gader general manager
Roni Lotan claimed that the
shows were “educational. The
“matches" are always between
carefully selected young animals

to ensure the human wins, and
the grappling part lasts only
about 47 seconds.

But, said Let the Animals Live
spokeswoman Etti Altman, that
is 47 seconds of physical and
mental suffering and stress.

“Even crocodiles have rights," .
she said.

“It’s a victory. I finally feel
that something is moving m the
field of animal rights in this
country. I am grateful to the jus-
tices who saw fit to end this cru-
elty.

“And I am proud that we have
managed to ban crocodile
wrestling in Israel, when it still
goes on in Florida,” said
Altman. “I guess we have
become, in at least this area,
more enlightened than the
United States.”

Altman said the case set a
precedent that could be used
against circuses and other spec-
tator events involving animals in
captivity. . . ...

Justice MishaeJ Cheshm did
not rule out teaching backpack-
ers how to deal with alligators as
part of a survival program, but
ruled it is not permissible as

entertainment.

Hamat Gader was. ordered to
pay the group NIS 10,000 to
cover legal costs.

Pupils’ math,
science add up
to mediocrity

By JUDY SIEGEL

Seven months after Israeli sev-
enth and eighth graders gave a
mediocre performance in math
and science tests compared to
pupils in 44 other countries, third-
and fourth-grade pupils have been
found to-do no better.

The Education Ministry’s chief
scientist. Prof. Zemira Mevarech,
said yesterday that she is “very
worried" by Israel’s standing in
the Third International Math and
Science Study (TIMSS).

“I don’t want to plaster over the
results, but die ministry has to
study them carefully to find out
whether papils really lag behind in
their knowledge, or if other factors
can explain the disappointing per-
formance, such as differences in
curriculum," she said.

The TIMSS rating is carried out
at an international study center at
Boston College. A representative
sample of needy one million
pupils took die tests in 1994/5 in
then own schools and in their own

In addition to the tests in lower
and 'middle grades, the pupils,
teachers, and principals were

asked questions about their
backgrounds, attitudes, experi-
ences, and practices in the
teaching and learning of math
and science.

In both the lower and middle
grade results, there were no sim-
ple correlations between pupil
performance and a variety of vari-
ables, including the amount of
homework, number of pupils in
the classroom, length of the
school day or year, or even the
amount of time spent learning
math and science.

It is increasingly clear that do
single factor can be property con-
sidered in isolation from others,
the organizers said. However,
having strong educational
resources at home, including a
computer, dictionary, one's own
study 'desk, and TOO or more
books, were strongly related to
math and science achievement in
nearly every country.

Among third and fourth graders.
Singapore, Korea, Japan, Hong
Kong, the Netherlands, the Czech
Republic, and Austria were at the
top of the list in math. Korea was
the top-performing country m the
younger grades in science.

Sinead O’ Connor: I was unaware
of volatility of Jerusalem issue

Bv DAMP BBMN

- Sinead O’Conoor was not aware

that the Bat Shalom concert m
support of sharing Jerusalem, at
whreh she was to a P^ k?

week, was going to turn into such

a volatile issue. .

“If I had known it would be so

controversial, and it ?

end up with ray 8fe
ened. ! wouldn’t taw agreed to
she told

Post yesterday, ra her 6151
response to the affair. _ —

‘O'Connor canceled her appear-
ance, which was supposed to have
taken place ^ last
Saturday night, in sup-
port of Bat Shalom and

the concept “Two capi-
tals for two states,
after the British

Embassy received a
phone call threatening
her life.

“I was approached by
a Palestinian women s
group to do a concert
for peace in Jerusalem.

I’m 100 percent in sup-
port of sharing

Jerusalem," she said.

Snead O’Connor
. (Shaul Rehamioi)

not interested in getting involved
in its internal politics. I have noth-
ing but love for the
Jewish and the
Palestinian people, and
I feel sony for the chil-
dren growing up in a
war-tom country. I also
come from a war-tom
country," the Irish
singer said in a phone
conversation from
London.

O’Connor refuted
claims by Jerusalem
Mayor Ehud 01 men
that the concert had
been canceled due to
lack of ticket sales.

“If I wasn’t going to sell a lot of
tickets, then the death threat
would not have {been] made in the

first place," she said.

Over die weekend, O'Connor
sent an open letter to lUunar Ben-
Gvir, a right-wing extremist who
had bragged he had scared tbe
Irish singer away.

“God does not reward those who
bring terror to the children of the
world. So you have succeeded in
nothing but your soul's failure,"
O'Connor wrote.

Ben-Gvir is a member of die
Ideological From, an offshoot of
the outlawed Kach movement

O'Connor jokingly issued a
“formal complaint” that the death
threat was directed to the British
Embassy and not the Irish
Embassy.

“He knew I was popular; he just
didn’t know where 1 was from.”
she said.

Coalition MKs
threaten to vote

no-confidence

By UAT COLLINS

A number of factions in the
coalition are threatening to sup-
port tomorrow’s no-confidence
motions, following a series of
meetings yesterday.

Gesher faction head MK Maxim
Levy is threatening to leave die
coalition unless another Gesher
minister is appointed to the cabi-
net However,
after a stormy,
six-hour meeting
yesterday, MK
David Magen
said Gesher is
not demanding
another minister,
although the
addition of two
Likud ministers
will change the
power balance
among the par-
ties and violate
the coalition

agreement

Magen also
called for early
elections.

Tension within
the coalition was
not diffused at
yesterday’s meet-
ing between
Yisrael Ba'aliya
MKs and coali-
tion and Likud
faction chairman
Michael Eitan.

The meeting was
called to discuss
Yisrael Ba’aliya’s
demand to imple-
ment projects tbe
party said it has
been promised,
such as an
absorption program for immigrant
scientists and public housing for
im mig rants.

A party source described the
atmosphere as “difficult” and
noted that Yisrael Ba'aliya faction

chairman Roman Bronfman had
called mi his party colleagues to
vote against the government
MK Zvi Weinberg said unless
Prime Minister Binyamin
Netanyahu accepts the party's
demands, he could find himself
without a coalition. Weinberg later
conferred with Netanyahu by
phone and told him that Yisrael
Ba’aliya is likely to support the

Livnat I will not
defend PM

ByHCHALYUDELMAN

Communications Minister
Limor Livnat stepped down
from her post as liaison
between the cabinet and the
Knesset “because I will not
and cannot defend the prime
minister’s functioning in
various matters and certainly
not in the [Dan] Meridor
affair," she said yesterday on
Army Radio.

She would not predict
whether this government
would last until the end of its
term or whether she would
remain in it until then, but reit-
erated that she has no inten-
tion, at this stage, of resigning
from the cabinet

As to Meridor’s statement
that he is keeping open the
option of running against
Prime Minister Binyamin
Netanyahu, Livnat Said it is too

early to discuss this, “but in
Israeli politics, everything is
possible.”

Meridor, who resigned as
finance minister last week, told
Array Radio that he may chal-
lenge Netanyahu for the party
leadership and the premier-
ship. However, he said he
would not leave the Likud to
do so, “because the Likud was
and remains my home.”

Meridor said he was flooded
by hundreds of telephone calls
and telegrams over the week-
end, many of them from Likud
members, commending him on
bis decision to resign, and sup-
porting his motives.

He refused to say whether he
would vote against the govern-
ment in tomorrow’s n ©-confi-
dence motion, saying only,
“It’s a known feci that I have
no confidence in tire prime
minister.”

no-confidence mod cot.

Absorption Minister Yuli
Edelstein said after the meeting
drat Industry and Trade Minister
Natan Sharansky’s statement last
week that the party “has one foot

out of the coalition” still holds.

Eitan apparently said commit-
tees would be established to look
into implementing the demands,
but Yisrael Ba'aliya MKs said
their demands are promises which
had been made when the coalition
' was formed and should therefore
be implemented immediately.

Yisrael Ba’aliya plans to meet
again with Eitan before fee vote and
is also in touch
with Avigdor
Lieberman, direc-
tor-general 6f fee
Prime Minister’s
Office.

Eitan said the
efforts to find a
solution to Yisrael
Ba’aliya’s
demands would
continue. He
repeated his newly
coined description
of the . coalition:
“From crisis to cri-
sis, our strength
increases."
Meanwhile, the
Third Way

executive called
for a national
unity govern-
ment.

“Only a national
unity govern-
ment will avoid
a split in the
nation and stop
the blackmail
which is paralyz-
ing the govern-
ment's actions,”
the faction
declared.

Tsoraet also is
expected to
meet before the
no-confidence motion to discuss
its response to the possible cabi-
net reshuffle and other coalition
matters.

See COALITION, Page 2

Cabinet reshuffle
likely to be delayed

By MttHAL YUDELNMUt

Growing internal strife over
Prime Minister Binyamin
Netanyahu’s plans to reshuffle
the cabinet is likely to delay the
planned presentation of his new
team to the Knesset tomorrow.

The proposed reshuffle is
causing tension and unrest
among the coalition partners,
which have -been engaged in
intensive activity to decide on
their respective positions and
demands vis-a-vis the changes.
Tbe uncertainty of whether for-
mer justice minister Ya'acov
Ne'?man is returning to the cab-
inet and the contradictory
rumors concerning his position
are adding to fee tension.

The 'Prime Minister’s Office
yesterday denied reports that
Ne’eman had declined
Netanyahu’s offer to return to
fee cabineL This was after
senior National Religious Party
politicians called Ne’eman, and
then advised Netanyahu that he
denied having turned down the
offer.

Netanyahu's spokesman Shai
Bazak said he had spoken to
Ne’eman in fee afternoon, and
the latter confirmed that
Netanyahu had officially offered
him fee chance to return to fee
cabinet. Ne’eman said he
promised to give the prime min-
ister his answer, Bazak said.

Netanyahu’s attempts to keep
the details of the reshuffle a
secret until tomorrow are

intended to prevent last-minute
pressure from coalition partners,
party sources said.

The coalition partners held
intensive meetings yesterday to
decide on their demands. Some
claim tbe addition of two Likud
ministers disrupts fee balance
set in the coalition agreement
between fee Likud and its coali-
tion partners.

MK Hanan Porat (NRP),
whose faction is demanding
Ne’eman be reinstated as justice
minister, as he was promised
when he resigned, said if
Ne’eman receives a formal and
respectable proposal from the
prime minister to return to bis
post at the Justice Ministry, he
would do so.

Porai is acting to form a reli-
gious-haredi front which will
issue a joint demand to reap-
point Ne’eman justice minister.
Point has called a meeting of fee
religious and haredi factions
tomorrow.

Porat blasted Tzahi Hanegbi
for “holding onto the Justice
Ministry which was given to
him... only until Ne’eman
returns.”

Channel 2 reported last night
feat Ne’eman told senior reli-
gious politicians feat he will
fight to get back the Justice port-
folio, while ai the same time
intimating to those close to him
feat he is not interested in any
cabinet post Ne’eman, Channel
2 said, is interested in getting
back at Hanegbi, who attacked

him at Likud gatherings for not
being part of fee Likud and
therefore not deserving of fee
Justice Ministry.

If Ne'eman decides not to
return to the cabinet, then
National Infrastructure Minister
Ariel Sharon is to take over the
Finance Ministry; Tourism
Minister Moshe Katsav is to
replace Sharon; Health Minister
Yehoshua Matza will be moved,
at his request, to the Tourism
Ministry; MK Silvan Shalom
will be appointed health minis-
ter; and MK Michael Eitan will
take over the Science Ministry,
which has been left without a
minister since Ze’ev Begin’s
resignation five months ago.

Sharon’s expected appoint-
ment as finance minister is
arousing concern in fee cabineL
It is said that Netanyahu wants
to put Sharon in this key posi-
tion to block Defense Minister
Yitzhak Mordechai ’s increasing
popularity.

Mordechai and Foreign
Minister David Levy met yester-
day for what was planned as a
secret meeting, reportedly to
discuss the new appointment
and how it may effect their sta-
tus in fee cabinet.

The two are also reportedly
worried feat Sharon’s positions
are much more hawkish than
theirs.

But Mordechai ’s spokesman
Avi Benayahu said fee meeting
was routine and did not deal
wife the political appointments.

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in brief

Thai worker dies after eating poisonous plant

A Thai worker, who last week ate a poisonous plant thinking it
was a spice he recognized from his country, died yesterday in
Hasharon Hospital in Petah Tikva.

1 killed, 19 hurt on roads

A woman was killed and two people lightly injured at the
Yokne 'am junction, when the woman swerved out of her lane for
unknown reasons and her car hit an army truck head-on.

Seventeen people were hurt in three different accidents in
Safed area. Eleven were lightly hurt when the van they were rid-
ing in overturned near the Korazim junction. In Kfar Gush
Halav, two people were hurt when their all-terrain vehicle over-
turned. And four people were hurt in a two-car collision near
Safed. The 17 were all brought to Safed 's Rebecca Sieff
Hospital within a short time span, creating heavy pressure on the
hospital's emergency room. /rim

Slain sokfier to be buried todays probe continues

Staff-Sgt. Alfred Cohen, the 20-year-old soldier shot doad by
another soldier on Friday during a fight over the use of a telephone,
is to be buried in his hometown -of Dimona this evening. The IDF
said that the Military Police are still investigating the murder and
declined to release any further details. . A rich O'Sullivan

Hebron Jews decry US official’s remarks

Remarks made by a senior US official on Friday that the recent
violent clashes between Palestinians and IDF troops in Hebron
are “a plausible safety valve" drew sharp criticism from the
Hebron Jewish community yesterday.

“Is this the stand of an impartial peace broker supposed to be
assisting in negotiations between Israel and the Palestinians?”
asked Hebron Jewish community spokesman David Wilder, who
called the remarks biased, and said that their tone is one of con-
tempt and disdain for the Jews living in Hebron.

Wilder said he would like to know bow the framework of
legitimate “venting of anger” can be defined Margot Dudkevitch

Man killed in fall

A unidentified man in his 30s, thought to be Jewish, apparently
fell to his death from the scaffolding of a construction site in
Jerusalem's Givat Shaul section yesterday. His body was taken
to the Institute for Forensic Medicine at Abu Kabir. Itim

Uri Zohar asks for a break

The Uri Zohar 2 program to be broadcast on Channel 1 on
Thursday night will be die last of the summer. After die show
was taped on Sunday. Zohar asked the Israel Broadcasting
Authority for a break so he could prepare his fail shows, and die
IB A agreed Jerusalem Post Staff

Interns for Peace
going ahead with
program in areas

DAVBRUDGE

The Palestinian and Israeli
branches of Interns for Peace are
going ahead with a program in
Gaza and the West Bank aimed at
promoting peace through prosper-
ity and democracy - despite rising
tension and violence in the region.
. A conference on “community
development and human resources
training” should have taken place
last September but was deferred
because of the armed clashes
between Palestinians and the IDF
at the time.

“We hope and pray that there
won't be any disturbances this
time that would cause a further
deferment,” said Rabbi Bruce
Cohen, international director of
Interns for Peace.

The non-profit organization

With deep sorrow we announce the passing of
our dear

FRED KOUVANT

The funeral will take place tomorrow,
Tuesday, June 24, 1997 at 11:00 am. at the
Hayarkon Cemetery.

Mourned by:

Friends and family in
the country and abroad

THE W0ZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE

deeply mourns the passing of

ARNOLD R. MEYER

a generous supporter, veteran member
of its Board of Governors,

and recipient of the Institute’s Ph.D. Honoris Causa,

and extends its condolences
to his wife Roselyn and all the family

. ■ . -

Mordechai visits Hebron, Morag

By HARCOT DUDKEVITCH

Defense Minister Yitzhak
Mordechai visited both Hebron
and Morag in Gush Katif yester- -
day to review the IDF presence
and inspect the current security
arrangements. Both Gush Katif
and Hebron have been the scene of
violent riots during the past 10
days, although yesterday, for the
first time in a week, there were no
reports of rioting in Hebron.

Mordechai was accompanied by
Chief of General Staff LL-Gen.
Amnon Lipkin-Shahak and OC
Central Command Maj.-Gen. Uzi
Dayan. Mordechai, who instructed
the troops to deploy for further

unrest said during his visit to
Hebron that "if the actions of the
army. Border Police, and General
Security Service continue as they
are, and the Palestinian Authority
understands what kind of damage
can be caused, then it will be able
to prevent the spread of inci-
dents.”

A report on Arutz 7 yesterday
claimed that Ahmed Qurie,
Speaker of the Palestinian
Legislative Council, told an
Arabic -language newspaper dial
the confrontations of the last few
days in Hebron will continue to
spread gradually to other areas of
Judea and. Samaria, and warned
that “an explosion is bound to

come, but this time the explosion
will be different than the other
times.”

Due to reports of a possible
escalation in violence in Judea and
Samaria, the IDF has beefed up its
presence, and tanks and armored
cars are stationed outside Nablus.

According to the Hebron Jewish
community, no one was informed
of Mordechai’s visit and therefore
no meeting took place with him.

Arutz 7 said Pal estinian journal-
ists were initially banned from
attending a press conference held
by Mordechai. But after Israeli
journalists refused to attend, they
were the allowed in.

In Morag. settlers were upset

when Mordechai refused to meet
them and discuss the situation
concerning the fence that .sur-
rounds the hothouses, which has
been the scene of clashes recently.
Palestinians who set up a protest
tent outside die settlement have
torn down the fence and stonea

hothouses. _ . „

According to Gush Katit
spokesman Shlomo Kostiner;
Gush Katif Regional Councrl head
Aharon Tsur and settlers had orga-
nized food and beverages, as well
as baskets frill of locally grown
tomatoes, to offer the guests.
Kostiner said that only after local
journalists intervened Mordechai

did agree to talk to the settlers, and

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Palestinian Police quell Ramailah riot

A Palestinian policeman yesterday uses his nightstick to disperse dozens of people throwing stones and bottles outside a,
Ramailah courthouse after fights broke out between relatives of nine men being tried for the murder of alleged collaborators'
and the relatives of the victims. Police also fired in the air. There were no casualties, but 10 were arrested. (Reuen -

helps promote Jewish-Arab coex-
istence through community devel-
opment projects.

The Palestinian Interns for
Peace has organized the three-day
conference which is due to open in
Gaza City today.

“The aim of the conference,
which we expect several hundred
people to attend, is to discuss and
draw up plans to democratically
involve Palestinian youth, women,
and unemployed people in the
process of improving Palestinian
society in general and the econo-
my in particular,” said Cohen.

The conference, the first in a
series of steps aimed at helping
Palestinians to help themselves,
also is slated to discuss plans to
establish an Interns for Peace
community center in Beit Lahia in
the Gaza Strip.

Mordechai denies Israel is
barring 20 senior PA officials

By ABIEH O’SULLIVAN

Israel yesterday denied reports that
it has a list of 20 senior Palestinian
officials, including ministers and
members of the legislative council,
dial it was barring from entering the
country or moving between the West
Bank and Gaza Strip.

Defense Minister Yitzhak
Mordechai said, however, said steps
could be taken to prevent clashes
and called on the Palestinian
Authorities to rein in demonstrators.

After a week of violence,
Mordechai visited Hebron yester-
day, and found it quiet after a week
ofviotenoe.

“It is very important that this [vio-
lence] comes to an end and the
atmosphere returns to a one of
calm,” Mordechai said. "I hope that
the Palestinian Authority and other
farces on the ground use all their
influence to prevent needless clashes
which have caused casualties, main-
ly an the Palestinian side, and cause
the disruption of the daily lives of the
Palestinians.”

Israel Radio said Israel was invali-
dating the VIP passes of the
Palestinian officials for inciting the
riots in Hebron. These included
Justice Minister Freih Abu Medein,
Agriculture Minister Abdel Jawad
and Hamas supporter Imad Faluji,
Army radio said. Marwan Kanafani,
an adviser to PLO head Yasser

Freih Abu Medein

l Gideon Markawicz)

Arafat, criticized any action on the
VIP passes.

“It is extremely dangerous to start
controlling the political conditions of
the Palestinians by depriving them
of certain privileges that are needed
to go about their functions and
responsibilities," said Kanafani.

But Mordechai denied that Israel
was considering such a ban. After
visiting the Madipela Cave and tak-
ing a stroll down Shnhada Street,
Mordechai told reporters feat Israel
was certainly aware of members of
the PA who are doing “incorrect”
things.

“Aral if needed, we take steps
[against them],” Mordechai said.
“But it's not true feat there is an
intention to take any kind of action

against 20 members of the
Palestinian Authority

Officials close to the coordinator
of activities in the territories, Maj.-
Gen. Ya’akov Orr, said that he
knows nothing of any plan to recall
fee passes of Palestinian VIPs, but
noted dial it was Israel’s right to do
so. He said that any such decision
would have to be approved by the
Prime Minister's Office.

Israel has handed out 480 VDP
passes in three categories: The high-
est is for ministers and senior
Palestinian Authority officials. It
allows them free passage through ail
roadblocks and permits them to
enter Israel in their own car, accom-
panied by a driver and an armed
guard, without being checked.

The second classification is for
high-level officials who can bring a
car and driver; but need to give prior
notice of their crossing into any
Israeli-controlled area. The third VIP
pass is for Palestinians fulfilling vital
functions, like hospital directors. But
they are not allowed to enter Israeli-
controlled territory in their own care,
and need to give prior notice and
receive permission to crossr"

Earlier this month, Israel revoked
fee entrance permit of Palestinian
intelligence officer Col. Tawfik
Tirawi for reported involvement in
the murders of three Arab land deal-
ers and the attempted kidnapping of
a fourth.

COALITION

Contmued from Page 1

National Religious Party faction
chairman Hanan Porat has said his
party is demanding Ya’acov
Ne’eman be reinstated as justice
minister. The NRP is expected to
meet wife Shas and United Torah
Judaism today to jointly repeat this
demand.

Meanwhile, Likud MKs Ze’ev
Begin, Dan Meridor and David
Re’em, and Gesber’s David Magen
also are planning a “rebellion” -
they are considering not showing up
for fee no-confidence motion.

The opposition is mobilizing in an
attempt to topple the Netanyahu
government in fee no-confidence
motions doe to be heard tomorrow.
Although the motions need an
absolute majority of 61 MKs to
pass, which they are unlikely to get,
they could cause another blow to fee
government's image, given the
number of coalition MKs who are
threatening to absent themselves,
abstain, or even vote against
Netanyahu.

The motions were submitted by
Labor; Mexetz, Hadash, and the
Democratic Arab Party. Although
noKxnfidence motions are usually
heard on Mondays, an exception has
been made this week because the
Likud's internal elections are sched-
uled or i feat day. '

Both Eitan and Labor faction
chairman Ra’anan Cohen have
called on MKs to return from
abroad for the vote and announced
the cancellation of all “pairing-off”

dan and coalition MKs.

Arafat: Netanyahu doesn’t realize
seriousness of his actions

/uper charter

By DAVID BUDGE

Palestinian Authority Chairman
Yasser Arafat yesterday expressed
deep concern over fee state of the
peace process and die policies of
Prime Minister Binyamin
Netanyahu.

Arafat maintained feat Netanyahu
apparently does not realize fee seri-
ousness of his actions and the possi-
ble consequences in tire regional
context, as well as in terms of
Israeli-Palestinian relations.

He made tire comments in a meet-
ing in Ramailah yesterday with a
delegation from the Israel
Communist Party (ICP) - fee main
component of Hadash - which
invited him to its convention, which'
opens in Haifa on Wednesday.

Arafat said he would be unable to
attend but would be sendinga high-
level delegation, led 'by* PA

Information and Culture Minister
Yasser Abed-Rabbo.

“It was a very good meeting wife
Chairman Arafat and senior PA offi-
cials, but the general atmosphere
was one of deep concern over the
situation," said Mohammed Baraki,
general secretary of Hadash and a
member of fee ICP.

“He stressed fear he is commit-
ted to the peace process and feat it
is important for fee Israeli public
to know that there is a partner on
fee Palestinian side and that it is
also important to intensify the
Israeli-Palestinian struggle to
achieve peace,” Baraki said.

“The fact, however; that he said
Netanyahu doesn't realize the seri-
ousness of his actions is an expres-
sion of his criticism of the prime
minister's policies and his concent
over tiie consequences.

“In our assessment, the peace

process is stiff alive, but it could
explode at any time because of the
policies of Netanyahu. There are
already disturbances in Hebron and
other places an'd there Is also the
danger of a regional outbreak.

“Arafat himself said Netanyahu
trad succeeded in destroying all of
Israel's achievements with Arab
countries within a year and this
could lead to a grave and extremely
dangerous new reality.”

President Ezer Weizman was also
invited to attend the opening of fee
ICP convention, but declined on the
grounds that he does not participate
in the conventions of any political
party.

Delegations from other parties m
fee PA are also expected to attend,
as well as representatives from
communist parties abroad, includ-
ing Russia, Europe, South Africa,
and other countries.

I he promised to meet with them m
i the near future.

“We hope he will keep his
s promise, as it is irxronceivabte that
a minister visits fee area to learn
t about fee situation and doesTt
i even meet wife settlers to hear
I their point of view,” Kostiner said.

He added feat he hoped, fee IDF
f would not bow to Palestinian pres-
sure to move fee monument erect-
1 ed at fee Gush Katif junctibn in
- memory of- soldier Yossi Levy,
l who was killed in rioting" tint
i broke out last Septemberafterthe
opening of fee Western Wall
[ Tunnel exit. _ _•

i Arieh O’ Sullivan contributed to
[ this report.

El-Baz
to return
this week

ByJAYBUSHWSKY

Egyptian peace envoy . Osama
el-Baz will return to Israel by ibe -
end of this week, seniarofficials
said yesterday, to reoewhiseffort
to bring Israeli and Palestinian
negotiators back to the bargaining
fable. , ";V ; . . .

His latest initia^ve cxriDci^
with a report in ^Ixmdon-based
daily Al-Hayat feat a new plan
proposed by Egypt would transfer
40 percent of the West Bank to
the control of the Palestinian
Authority. . _

The plan also was said to call
for fee resumption of “security
coordination” by Israelis and
Palestinians with Egypt joining
them as a third party. '

In a sharp and unequivocal
reaction, David Bar-Elan, Prime
Minister Binyamin Netanyahu’s
director of information, dis-
missed these ideas as non-
starters.

“We might as well quit,” he
said. “There cannot be precondi-
tioned negotiations. They want ns
to accept terms before we sit
down and talk.”

Egyptian Foreign Minister Amr
Moussa told an Army Radio
interviewer feat “the gap between
fee two sides still is very wide.”
Speaking in En gli sh, Moussa said'
feat “the problem of the settle-
ments is very deep and very seri-
ous."

Asked about the possibility of a
settlement freeze, Moussa said:
“Of course, the problem was
caused by feat and it continues to
be fee settlement policy. We hope
feat this policy will be reconsid-
ered in order for a better climate
to be created and for fee negotia-
tion to be resumed.”

He mentioned the Har Homa
housing project in Jerusalem,
repeatedly referring to it by its
Hebrew name, despite fee inter-
viewer's use of its Arabic name,
Jebel Abu-Ghneim.

Bar-Illan interpreted the
Egyptian plan to mean that Israel
will relinquish Areas A and B as
defined in the Oslo Accords,
accounting for 6 percent and 24% *
of the West Bank respectively, as
well as 20% of Area C.

Since Area C constitutes 70% ..
of the West Bank, the Egyptian
formula would mean the han-
dover of an additional 14% of the .
total.

This withdrawal, as well as fee
proposed surrenders in Area A
and Area B, adds up to 40% of fee
West Bank.

An Associated Press dispatch
from Cairo said the plan reiterates
Egypt’s standing proposal feat fee
reopening of final status talks be
keyed to:

• Access roads connecting the
West Bank and Gaza Strip;

• Opening of an internati onal
airport in the Gaza Strip;

• Construction and operation of
a deep water port in Gaza City.

Mohammed Sobeih, identified
by AP as a Palestinian diplomat in
Cairo, was quoted as saying that
Egypt had not informed '
Palestinian officials of this plan.

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•TiW-jenrsaletn Post Monday, June 23, 1997

NEWS

IN CONTEXT / HERB KEINON

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ising tension between
court and Orthodox

The plan to appoint two zeli-

S 'ousjurists to a Supreme Court
at ha$- been without a kippa
amopg its justices since January
was applauded yesterday in both
religious and secular -legal, cir-
cte&r £ .

If- die: plan goes through, said
National. Religious Party MK
Sbanl Yahalom, chairman of the
Knesset Law Committee, it
would ;be an ihdicatioa that court

President Aharon Barak is trying
to be forthcoming to the religious
community, something which “is
very welcome."

Relations between segments of
the religious community and the,
courts have been extremely tense
since Barak assumed presidency.
He has adjudicated a number of
cases in a manner that has left the
religions establishment feeling
the court is infringing on its terri-
tory. The tension boiled "over last
year with virulent editorials
against Barak in the haredi press,
and threats on his life.

According to yesterday's press
reports. Justice Minister Tzahi
Hanegbi and Barak have agreed
that one religious judge will be
selected to replace Tfcevi Tal, who

Man
gets a
new
heart -
and a

r JUDY SIEGEL

The life of a 42-year-old man
has been saved in a first-in--
Israel procedure giving him a
new .heart and carrying- out
bypass surgery in the transplant-
ed organ, which had a clogged
artery.

The pioneering surgery -
which has rarely been carried
out abroad — was performed at
Sheba Hospital in Tel Hashomer
by Dr. Ya’acov Lavie, Prof.
Aram Smoliansky, and Dr.
Violetta Glaubar.

The patient was hospitalized
two weeks ago in the coronary
intensive care unit after suffer-
ing from terminal cardiac insuf-
ficiency due to a viral infection
of the heart muscle.

His condition deteriorated
rapidly, and his only hope was a
heart transplant

Although he was put on the
high-priority list no heart was
found for him. On Saturday
night, doctors received a heart
whose muscle function was nor-
mal, but the donor suffered from
atherosclerosis in one coronary
artery.

Since there was no other way
to save him, they decided to
transplant the heart and unclog
the artery.

Only 1 0 such dual-stage oper-
ations have been done anywhere
in the world.

The complex operation was
successful, and the man is now
stable and recuperating in the
intensive care unit.

The same donor also supplied
lungs to a 53-year-old man.

Meanwhile, at Hadassah-
University Hospital in
Jerusalem’s Ein Kerem, doctors
performed a coronary bypass on
a beating heart - without stop-
ping the heart and attaching the
patient to a heart-lung machine.
The reason for the procedure
was that the patient was at high-

risk for a stroke.

At the same time, the patient

underwent an angioplasty and

the introduction of a stent to
hold a major coronary artery
open. Prof. Gideon Merm, head

0 r cardiovascular

he believed it is the first J
such a dual procedure was car-
ried out simultaneously.

iu - s ISs we,bf

ree consuWo* (J 1 Jenisalem '
June 15-19-

$hr^w&> s ^ ales ' |

p.C. Attorneys g

. Jemsatem: 671-2^+

.asassgj

held the bench's “religious seat”
until his retirement in January.
Another religious judge will be
tapped to replace Gabriel Bach,
who retired in March. These
appointments are likely to be
approved at the next meeting of
the judges' selection committee,
which Hanegbi heads, scheduled
for mid-July.

One of the religious judges,
according to these reports, will be
Hebrew University Prof. Yitzhak
Englard, while lhe other selection
has not yet been finalized.

A so-called “religious seat” on
the court has been a part of the
judicial landscape since the early
1950s. As the Supreme Court has
gone from nine to 14 justices,
there have been increasing calls
in the religious community for
more religious justices, but there
has generally been only one.

An attempt earlier in the year
by Barak to co-opt a rabbinical
judge from the Supreme
Rabbinical Council was unsuc-
cessful because the judge, after
consulting leading halachic
authorities in the haredi world,
declined the offer.

Two religious judges instead of

one is a step in the right direction,
but in no way a revolution, said
Yahalom. In his mind, a revolu-
tion would be if the court decided
that matters of religion and state
should be decided by the Knesset,
not the court.

Meretz MK Dedi Zucker, who
chaired the Knesset Law
Committee under the previous
government, also applauded the
plan, saying the move is both
“good and significant.”

“It is fritting that in a polarized
society like this, there is repre-
sentation of the various sectors,”
he said.

As to complaints in the reli-
gious community that even two
out of 1 4 judges is not sufficient,
Zucker said, “Everyone feels they
are not getting enough represen-
tation.” What is important, he
said, is not that the various sec-
tors have exact proportionate rep-
resentation on the bench, but that
their values are represented.

The one sector truly lacking
representation is the Arab com-
munity, Zucker said, adding that
he knows the committee is
searching for an Arab judge to be
elevated the court.

Third Way MK Alexander Lubotzky (left) chats with Prof. David Hartman (center), director of the Shalom Hartman Institute, and
Industry and TYade Minister Natan Sharansky yesterday at a seminar entitled ‘Conversion, Halacha. and Responsibility of the State
for World Jewry’ held at the institute in Jerusalem. ( ^ iel j eroa . !imski1

Conversion compromise
interim agreement signed

‘Post’ writer gets award

MK Adisu Massala (Labor) yesterday presents ‘Jerusalem
Post’ feature writer Sue Fishkoff with the B’nai B’rith
World Center Award for Journalism, given for her May
1996 features that traced the trip of eight Ethiopian immi-
grant teenagers back to their native villages. (Isaac Horan)

By HAIM SHAPIRO

As of Iasi night, the Reform
movement was still trying to con-
vince one of its converts, who had
petitioned the High Court of
Justice to have die conversion rec-
ognized, to withdraw the petition,
so that the agreement signed yes-
terday between the coalition and
the Reform aod Conservative
movements could be implemented
without any problems.

Earlier in the day, three other
Reform converts also had insisted
on pressing forward with their
petitions, but they agreed to delay
them after a personal appeal from
coalition chairman MK Michael
Eitan, who signed the agreement,
along with Rabbi Uri Regev,
director of the Reform move-
ment’s Israel Religious Action
Committee, and Rabbi Reuven
Hammer, head of the Conservative
movement's rabbinical court for
conversions in Israel.

The signing took place in the
office of Bobby Brown, the prime
minister’s adviser on Diaspora
affairs. In addition. Prime Minister
Binyamin Netanyahu signed a letter
to the members of the Conservative

and Reform movements who had
come to meet with him in an effort
to stop the passage of the controver-
sial conversion bill, which stipu-
lates that the Chief Rabbinate must
validate all conversions to Judaism
performed in Israel.

The agreement calls for a seven-
person committee, including a
representative each from the
Conservative and Reform move-
ments, to arrive at a formulation
for registering conversions.
According to a number of sources.

The deal with the non-Orfhodox

The agreement between the Conservative and Reform move-
ments and coalition chairman Michael Eitan includes die follow-
ing points:

• The proposed conversion bill is not to be presented to the
Knesset for its second and third (final) readings.

• The state attorney, for the government, and the petitioners to
the High Court of Justice and die Jerusalem District Court are to
ask the courts to postpone their rulings on the issue of conver-
sions performed by Reform and Conservative rabbis in Israel.
The two movements are to attempt to persuade the petitioners to
join in this request.

• The prime minister is to establish a seven-member committee,
to include one representative each from the Reform and
Conservative movements.

• The committee is to formulate a detailed proposal, satisfacto-
ry to all parties, for the registration of converts.

• The committee is to present its recommendations by August

15, the coalition is to approve the recommendations within three
weeks, and any necessary legislation is to be completed within
two months after that. Haim Shapiro

including Transport Minister
Yitzhak Levy, the committee is to
be headed by former justice minis-
ter Ya’acov Ne’eman.

“I think if there is anyone who
can pull the process together, it is
probably Ya’acov Ne’e man,”
Regev said yesterday. Regev, who
added that his movement has
great expectations for the success
of the committee’s deliberations,
said he thought it was likely that
the High Court would agree to
delay its hearings on the issue of
conversions in light of the pre-
ponderance of petitioners who are
asking the court to do so.

Petitions from the State and the
Reform and Conservative move-
ments to postpone the case were
presented to the High Court last
night. It was asked to render a
decision on the postponement
within 48 hours.

Eitan agreed that in addition to
die seven-person committee, there
be a three-person panel appointed
to focus on the conversion of
adopted children. Na'araat, which
demanded this as a condition for
withdrawing its petition to the
High Court, is to have a represen-
tative on that committee.

Benvinisti: Self-help key to
Palestinian power in J’lem

Women’s yeshiva claims ministry
not providing required funding

By ELU WOHLGELERHTEB

The only way for Palestinians to
gain political power in Jerusalem
is through their own efforts, and
not by trying to persuade Israelis
with more arguments or by trying
to come up with an agreed-upon
solution for the city, historian and
former Jerusalem deputy mayor
Meron Benvinisti said at the end
of last week.

For example, be suggested the
Palestinians create a voluntary
municipal government that would
start to manage aspects of commu-
nity life on its own.

“I don’t see why Palestinians
should behave any different than
the Jewish yishuv before 1 948,” be
said. “Tb wait for a solution that
will descend complete from heav-
en and then we’ll be able to open
the gate of Arab Jerusalem - it will
never come.”

Benvinisti was speaking at a
forum entitled “The Future of
Jerusalem" sponsored by
Jerusalem Link, a group of Israeli
and Palestinian women, as part of
xheir week-long program of events

entitled “Sharing Jerusalem: Two
Capitals for Two States.”

Benvinisti said Israelis are not
going to be persuaded by more
arguments about the Palestinian
cause, and “therefore the whole
question about raising the con-
sciousness of Israelis about the sit-
uation in Jerusalem is not going to
be helpful. The only way one can
go about it is by using die facts on
the ground. It is a question of small
steps and fights, in which you have
a very strong Israeli group that
gives support. There’s no other
way. Self-help should be the key."

He, along with panelist MK Yael
Dayan (Labor), decried the grow-
ing industry of peace plans that are
constantly being put forth, and
peace conferences that are held to
discuss them. Dayan, who admit-
ted being a part of that industry for
the pasHO years, said she did not
sign the group’s declaration call-
ing for two capitals in Jerusalem,
because it is not part of her party’s
platform.

Nevertheless, she said, “I want
to say that 1 believe there is a solu-
tion, It lies in something like

widening the area of Jerusalem,
because (hen it will be easier to
take away from it, and make it
Jerusalem/al-Kuds. It doesn't mat-
ter if it's Abu Dis or another
neighborhood - once there is a
bold in any area of Jerusalem as
the capita] of Palestine, it can
grow afterwards to include the
east Jerusalem population.”

Faisal Husseini, the top
Palestinian official in Jerusalem,
said that after the Cold War. old
regimes collapsed, agreements
abrogated, and countries created.
He cited as an example Armenia,
which avoided the troubles that hit
Bosnia in a similar situation.

“We need to have an Armenian
solution here, so that if we face
any kind of change in the next
century, we will not be forced -
both of us - to pay a high price.”

: Dear Friend:

By HAW SHAPIRO

Though the High Court of Justice
ruled that the Religious Affairs
Ministry must support Israel’s only
Torah institution for women that is
recognized as a higher yeshiva, the
yeshiva said yesterday that the
ministry is dragging its heels.

Rabbi Yebuda Henkin, whose
wife heads Nishmat, an Orthodox
institution in Jerusalem’s Bayit
Vegan neighborhood, said that the
ministry thus for had paid less
than a third of some NIS 300,000
that was due. In March, after the
institution had petitioned the
court, the ministry signed an
agreement providing that the
school's students be classified as
yeshiva students.

In the past, women’s institutions
were classified in different cate-
gories than those for men. and the

schools for women received a
quarter to a third of the subsidies
paid to yeshivoL

“Today, many women students
study Torah as many hours and as
seriously as do men.

He added that the ministry asks
for frill documentation, for exam-
ple, for women who graduated
from Stem College, the women’s

college of Yeshiva University,
while it does not ask for similar
documentation for male graduates
of Yeshiva University.

Ministry sp the ministry is mak-
ing no excessive demands on
Nishmat, he added.

Nishmat, which was founded in
1990, has 50 full-time students and
150 part-time students.

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Monday, June 23, 1997 The Jerusalem Post

Tensions below summit surface

By PAVH) E. SANGER

DENVER (New York Times) -
President Clinton and the leaders
of Russia, Japan and Western
Europe plunged into the messy
business of defining their new
roles in the global economy this
weekend, with Russia pressing for
quick enby into the World Trade
Organization and Europe strug-
gling to save its effort to unify
under a single currency.

Buoyed by the strongest eco-
nomic performance in the world,
Clinton exuded optimism at the
opening of the summit meeting,
which until this year was called
the Group of Seven, but now, with
the inclusion of Russia, is formal-
ly called the Summit of the Eight.
Nevertheless the president's aides
were clearly skeptical that Russia
and Europe were prepared to
adopt the major economic reforms
that US officials believe are neces-
sary in the next year or two.

In return for its grudging agree-
ment to the expansion of NATO,
Russia was all but promised entry
by next year into the World Trade
Organization, the club of trading
nations. The move would greatly
help its exports by lowering tariffs
on Russian-made goods.

But administration officials
say they are highly skeptical that
President Boris Yeltsin can move
that quickly to push through the
wrenching market openings and
legal changes that are the price
of entry. Similar problems have
bogged down negotiations over
China's effort to enter the trad-
ing group.

As the weekend meeting of the
eight leaders opened here Friday,
administration officials were also
dancing around the question of
whether Europe's effort to create
a single currency, the euro, by
1999 could threaten the financial
stability of America's oldest trad-
ing partners. European officials
had pressed for a blanket
endorsement of the single curren-
cy in an economic statement
released Saturday.

.... . , v

^ ->. ■ ■ X- - -V ' ^ '‘Vi «• ■ «» . io. V i. .»*-> . -r ■

US President BUI Clinton waves to reporters as the leaders of the world's biggest economic powers and Russia head out to a dinn er
of rattlesnake steak this weekend in Denver. (Renter)

But the United States, with the
backing of Japan and Britain,
insisted on a far more conditional
endorsement. The final statement
says the leaders would welcome
monetary union if it was accom-
panied by major economic
reforms, and “would contribute to
the stability of the international
monetary system.” Those are
code words for an end to the
inflexible rules that have prevent-
ed companies from paring down,
moving workers, and becoming

far more competitive on world
markets.

“France, Germany and Italy
share the challenging task of
restoring strong employment
growth,” the economic statement
said. “While pursuing efforts
toward restoring sound fiscal posi-
tions they will need to deepen
structural reforms to reduce barri-
ers to job creation and to increase
efficiency of government actions
and, where necessary, reshape its
role in their economies.” In

Saturday’s discussion among the
leaders, there was a vigorous
debate between France and other
participants over whether it is pos-
sible to shorten the French work
week, which the new Socialist
government has promised, without
slowing economic growth. US
officials have argued that Europe’s
work week needs to be length-
ened, but it is unclear whether the
United States pressed that argu-
ment Saturday.

A senior administration official

said here on Friday that beneath
the bland wording of the state-
ment, “there is a lot more nervous-
ness than there was just a month or
two ago that the Europeans
haven’t grappled with the real
implications of what they are
attempting.” “We haven’t gone as
far as saying that they are on the
verge of messing up the continent
- that would only fuel their resent-
ment - but you'll probably hear
some more explicit description of
the risks," the official said.

Grainy photographs that are alleged t o sho w Rossa’s jns-

tfce ndofeterwithwomen a saunathm’srnnby orga-

lazed crime groups have set off a scandal m Rossh^piroeo

Russian PM suspends
justice minister
in sauna scandal

MOSCOW (Reuter) - Russia’s justice minister, caught in a scan-
dal over a video film showing naked sauna scenes, w01 be removed
from office temporarily pending an inquiry. Prime Minister VIktqi:
Chernomyrdin said yesterday. . , . -

Valentin Kovalyov, who is also a member of Russia s top-level
Security Council, asked President Boris Yeltsin to suspend him
whOe he cleared his name. .

His request ran** after publication of grainy snaps taken trout me .,
video, showing him in a sauna with women-
“We will suspend him temporarily from his duties*"
Chernomyrdin said. “But things have to be investigated. X would
prefer not to make any decisions based just on the publication.”
Chernomyrdin recalled the 53-year-old former law professor
from a foreign trip on Friday when the story broke. “He is a lawyer.
He knows how to defend himself. Let him prove it is not hue.”

In a country long known for official secrecy, few, if any, Russian
ministers have had to resign because of scandals. In the Soviet era,
newspapers almost never put the spotlight on serving ministers.

Moscow's powerful mayor, Yuri Luzhkov, said Kovalyov should
quit He described the allegations as “inadmissible for a person in
such an important job.”

R ussian television stations have broadcast brief excerpts from a -
black-and-white video shot using a hidden camera. The TV said foe
video was shot at a gangland night-club sauna in September 1995.

Kovalyov, who became justice minister in January 1995, said in
a statement this weekend dial he had nothing to be ashamed of.

Khmer faction expected
to turn over Pol Pot to gov’t

New York back on murder track

PHNOM PENH (Reuter) -
Khmer Rouge strongman- Pol Pot
is still alive and will be handed
over to the Cambodian govern-
ment very soon, a government
general said yesterday.

“Pol Pot is still alive. I met him
fois morning,” General Nhiek Bun
Chhay said.

Earlier yesterday, Cambodian
Second Prime Minister Hun Sen
said he had received an uncon-
firmed report that the 69-year-old
guerrilla leader, blamed for the
“killing fields” deaths of over one
million of his people in the 1970s,
was dead. He has long suffered
from malaria.

Nhiek Bun Chhay, who has
spearheaded talks with Khmer
Rouge renegades who broke with
Pol Pot earlier this month, said the
guerrilla leader was being
detained at the Anlong Veng jun-
gle headquarters of the breakaway
Khmer Rouge faction which cap-
tured him last week.

The genera] said the breakaway
rebel faction had agreed to dissolve
its political and military wings and
recognize the government
The reclusive Pol Pot would be
handed over to the government
soon, said Nhiek Bun Chhay,
Cambodia’s deputy chief of general
staff. “They will give Pol Pot to the
government very soon," be said.

Speaking on his return from
Anlong Veng, the general said he
did not talk to Pol Pot but saw him
inside a house where he was being
detained, adding; "He is very old."
Nhiek Bun Chhay said he had not
taken a picture of the Khmer Rouge
leader, who has not been seen in
public since shortly after his brutal
regime was overthrown in 1979.

First Prime Minister Prince
Norodom Ranariddh said he want-
ed to see Pol Pot moved out of
Anlong Veng as soon as possible.

Ranariddh and his party have led
efforts to strike a deal with more
moderate elements of the Khmer

NEW YORK (New York Times) - Six men
were killed in separate incidents during a 12-
hour period this weekend.

The recent violence came at a time when the
city was experiencing a 50 percent drop in
homicides since 1993. The last time the city
experienced this many unrelated killings was *
in March 1996. Five people were killed within
a 10-hour span then, just days after eight
killings were recorded in a 24-hour period.

At least three of this weekend’s killings
resulted from disputes, police said. One of the
slayings, that of Larry Egerton, 46, in the
Bedford-Stuyvesant section of Brooklyn,
occurred when a man wearing a ski mask
approached him on a bicycle, tried to rob him
and then opened fire, police said.

There were no apparent motives in the last
two of the six slayings.

While some detectives linked the violence to
the frill moon, officials said it was just a statis-
tical happenstance. “We have had that before*”
Mayor Rudolph Giuliani said at a news brief-
ing. “Murder is down more this year, than last
year.”

Last June, the city bad 97 murders, the mayor
said. “So far this year - foe month is like two-
thirds gone - we have half of that So I would
not be concerned about one day. You look at an
entire month.” According to preliminary statis-
tics released earlier this month by foe FBI, tire
number of homicides across the nation
declined by 1 ! % last year compared to 1995. In
New York, the number of homicides dropped

ta986 in 19% from 1*177 in 1995.Looking at
a three-year period* between 1993 and 1996,
tire murder rate was cutneariy in half. .

The first of die six killings occurred at .5:20
pan. in the Bronx. Detectives in Staten Island
found tiie body of foe sixth victim exactly 12
hours later at 5:20 a.m. In Queens, a man was
stabbed and shot to death at 1:15 a m, by a
group of people be was drinking with, police
said. At 2:57 a.m_ in Washington Heights* a
man was shot in a gun battle with another man.
He died three hours later.

Egerton was killed in Brooklyn at 4:27 ajn^
and a 20-year-old unidentified man was shot in
the Bronx at 4:59 a.m. A second victim in that
shooting was in critical condition at Lincoln
Hospital.

Nhiek Bun Chhay, deputy
chief of Cambodia's army, in
Phnom Penh yesterday. (Reiner)

Rouge, angering Hun Sen, who
sees any agreement between
Ranariddh and the breakaway
group as a threat to his position.

Defection boosts Turkey’s PM-designate

ANKARA (AP) - A deputy
defected yesterday from the
Islamic-Ied alliance to a pro-
Western bloc under premier-desig-
nate Mesut Yilmaz, but Yilmaz
was still far short of the support he
needs for a majority in parliament.

Haluk Muftuler, from Thnsu
Ciller's True Path party, handed in
his resignation a day after Yilmaz
called on parties to join forces
with his Motherland party against
foe Islamic Welfare Parry.

“We are expecting more defections

..VWi

■vw

■ ■ ■ ■-

GfiME TIME

.V.V

Wm*

■ a ■ I

in the coming days,” YDmaz said.

Ciller’s party is also pro-
Western, but the former premier a
year ago took it into a coalition
with Welfare leader Necmettin
Erbakan, who stepped down as
prime minister last week under
pressure from the pro- secular mil-
itary, which had been angered by
his religious policies.

Muftuler was expected to offi-
cially join Motherland today.

Yilmaz said.

Erbakan had been hoping Culler
could have led the coalition until
early elections, possibly this fen ,
in a bid to appease the military. -

But President Suleyman
Demirel refused to approve the
power-swap, which would have
left Welfare with key cabinet
posts. Instead he asked Yilmaz, a
bitter* center-right rival of Ciller;
to tiy to form a government

HISTORY OF CHESS - by Victor Keats, world-renowned expert

The most comprehensive review of chess history is now available in this 3 volume series by Victor Keats.

Most o the text derives from translators from Arabic and Hebrew, with accompanying commentaries, illustrations, reproductions from manuscripts, and pictures of
chess pieces and early chess problems. This is an invaluable reference source for collectors, players and everyone fascinated by this ancient game.

VOL I - CHESS, JEWS AND HISTORY brings a bearing on chess, and

constitutes a unique review of the whole history gJ STB ^ W^ll^^Hictions, book plates, Hebrew and
Arabic texts, pictures of chess pieces, problems

VOL II - CHESS AND ITS ORIGINS is the first ever translation into English of the work by Thomas Hyde, chief librarian of
the Bodleian library in the late 17th century. 352 pp., with 80 illustrations from period literature and iconography.

VOL 111 - CHESS AMONG THE JEWS - a catalogue of Hebrew sources, and a translation and explanation of the work of
Moritz Steinschreider.

JP Special Introductory Price: NIS 269 per volume incl. VAT and door-to-doordelivery (where available)

Ail three volumes: Only NIS 699 incl. VAT & door-to-door delivery (where available).

THE ILLUSTRATED GUIDE TO WORLD CHESS SETS by Victor Keats, is a book of immense value to established and new
collections alike. The development of chess sets in each country is charted systematically in chronological order, giving the reader an
instant means of identification. 50 color and 273 black and white illustrations give details of the diverse materials used, sizes and
dates, and highlights the variations in style in English Saturation sets, Indian ivory sets, Spanish 'pulpit' chessmen, as well as
unusual, one-of-a-kind sets from Africa and America.

JP Special Price: NIS 249.

To: Books, The Jerusalem Post, POB 81, Jerusalem 91000
Please deliver me the following History of Chess books:

ORDER 3 Y PHONE OR FAX|

02-6241282

Fax: 02-62412121
e-mail: orders@jpost.co.il

□ I would like to order the 3-volume set of Chess History, for NIS 699. Enclosed is my check payable to The Jerusalem Post, or credit card details:
Mailing in Israel - NIS 1 0 per order or door-to-door delivery, NIS 1 9 per order.

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CC Number .. - — Exp.

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Nazi past catches up
to adventurer

CAP) - ANazi past has caught up with Austrian explorer and
writer Hemnch Hamer just months before a multimilliou-dollar movie is
released about his time in Tibet, where he tutored the Dalai Lama. v

Seven years in Tibet, starting Brad Pitt, is based on the best-seffin*
5°°. k wrote “ A* «ariy 1950s after he fled Tibet’s capital, Lhka

fomng^foeOunese invasion. It is to be released OcL 8 by Tri-Star” adiv£

German magazine Stem last month published details revealing that
H^rer joined foe Nazi party when Germany took control of Austria in
kt ■ The p rominent mountaineer also joined the SS. At a time when
Nazi organizations still were banned in Austria, 21-year-old Harmr
joined foe S A in 1933. . ” arrcr

The film’s French director, Jean-Jacqnes Annaod, said he had suspect-
ed Harrer had Nazi connections. But Annand added that after the war,
“he devoted his life to nonviolence, human rights and -racial equality.”

Harrer, now 84, said that “from today's view the former party and SS
membership is an extremely unpleasant tiling," He added that he had a
. c * ear conscience.” Harrer said he joined the party to further his teach-
ing and moontameering careers.

Harrer told Stem that without this membership he would have had no
chance to join a government-financed Himalaya expedition, his life’s
dream. At foe end of that expedition, Harrer and a colleague were arrest-
ed by British troops in India, only to escape through Tibet to Lhasa,
where Harrer taught the Dalai Lama mathematics, English and sportsT

Scftex Corporation Ltd.

Notice of Annual General Meeting of Shareholders

Notice is hereby given that the Annual General Meeting of Sharehofden of&itisx
Corporation Ltd* wtB be held atthe offices of the Company, Hamada Street,
Industrial Part, He/zfia B, Israel, on Monday, Jiaie 30.-1997 at-1Q38 un.
Shareholders of record at the dose of butineB<)^i^Zfi*19OT^|Kieiitifod
to notice of, and to vote at the meeting and notices, proxy solicitation
material amf forme of proxy have been muted to aich shanshoWars;. - .•^L.
Shareholders who are interested in farther info r mation 'V ’ • ’

should contact David Shulman, the Corporate Secretary
of the Company,Tefc 09489*7334. )'

HefzTra. bred. June 23, 1997 SCflOX

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Cybill
leads
the way

By ROBBY BERMAN

» new series Cybill, star-
n og Cybill Shepherd, is
leading Reshefs summer
lineup for Channel 2. Cybill
(starting July 7) is a comedy
revolv ing around a working
actress in Los Angeles with a
sK^sart career complicated by
apeccentric extended family. Her
bestfriend is a ricb-by-settfe-
mentTdi vorcee with ' a twisted
saseof humor.

Raywalch is back as the most
popular TV show around the
wt^Waiching eight seasons of
beacb-ancbored television plots
can, well, make you plott. But
let's face it, no one is watching
this show for its intriguing story
line. Male viewers sit there wait-
ing for one of the female life-
guards to run in sJow-motion. It’s
a guy thing.

Reshet's choice of movies
includes Annie Hall - die quin-
tessential Woody Allen movie —

and the Coen brothers’ The
Hudsucker Proxy (renamed here
The Big Jump by someone who
obviously loves spoiling cine-
matic endings). This surrealistic
film takes a bite out of capital ■»
ism and stars Tim Robbins and
Paul Newman. It’s a “tab
breaker” - when you videotape
the movie, break off the plastic
tab so as not to accidentally
erase it

Steven King’s suitably named
Sm Misery is horrific, gripping,
suspenseful, and Kathy Bates’s
performance won her an Oscar.

And Leslie Nielson stars in
Naked Gun 2 1/2. Just looking at
the guy makes you laugh.

Chaos on the airwaves

By B>Y HAUSER

I t’s an evening in early summer
"Bvo Israeli yuppies turn their
television on nervously for the
first episode of IDF 1 (Charnel 2;
Mondays, 21 :10X Half an hour later
wife grins on their faces and songs
in their hearts, fee two hit fee Off
button, delighted that, for once,
local television has entertained,
without insulting their intelligence.

But wait Were my husband and I
hallucinating? Reading fee positive-
ly vicious reviews feat appeared in
fee Hebrew press after IDF J's pre-
miere made roe wonder did we
miss something?

FDF J is billed as a comedy-
drama, set in a fictitious military
radio station, based loosely on Army
Radio. The first four episodes have
featured more comedy than drama,
focusing more or less on the travails
of harried station head Yaron
Gutman (Shmuel Vilozny) and
Major Orly Azmon (Rama
Messinger) as they attempt to inject
a little order into the station's chaos
- provided by die other five charac-
ters - while adding their own shuck
to the mix.

There are people falling in and out
of love, hipster attitudes, clich&s
about journalism, and a male recruit
who finagled a haircut exemption.
In short, a sit-com, wife occasional
Meaningful Moments.

No, it's not Friends, or
M*A*S*H*. But it’s fun, the writing
isn't bad, the acting frequently
good, fee editing usually sharp, and
tire directing, camera-wok, sound
and sets all perfectly fine. Given that
nothing of its sort has ever been
done here before, meaning that no
one involved has any experience
trying to put together a “comedy-
drama,” I have been, frankly,
impressed.

“A miserable series,” groused Tel

Shinuel Vilozny and Ram ah Messinger try to bring order to *IDF 1.*

Aviv weekly Hair. “So badly writ-
ten, so banal, wife so much non-tal-
ent, feat it makes me want to
scream.” Among endless com-
plaints, reviewer Rogel Alper
harped feat, for the genre, there are
just too many lead characters.
Clearly, Alper has never seen
Friends.

Ha'aretz wasn’t much kinder,
writing after just one episode that
the series’ creators had “missed an
opportunity to showcase a unique
phenomenon: a military radio sta-
tion trying to balance its responsibil-
ity to the establishment ... with its
desire to function as a nonaffiliated
medium.” Oh. I see: this brand-new
sit-com/drama was supposed to fit

MOVIE REVIEW

Night of the long k nif e

ByABHAHOffMAH

T he recipient of tins year’s
Academy Award for fee best
adapted screenplay. Sling
Blade is everything one expects erf
an Oscar winnex: staid, sentimen tal,
and dominated by fee behind-the-
scenes presence of an acton (The
writer; Bflly Bob Thatfrtdtt " also 1
•directed arid stars. J L ‘ ^ :y

•f-JT dnbicais characteristic^
weren’t enough to assure Thornton's
trifimph over Arthur Milter, Anthony
Msagtella and even the scriptwriting
team of Shakespeare Al Branagh, the
feet feat die film’s plot surrounds fee
ostradzatioo and ultimate redemp-
tion ofa mildly retarded man made it
a shoo-in for the gold statuette. One
tiring Academy members can’t resist
is a picture that romanticizes mental
lim itation ;' add to this a few under-
stated Oxristian symbols, and you've
got a sure-fire champ.

Sling Blade does have several
powerful moments, and Thornton’s
performance as Karl C hil d er s, a
gruff-talking Southern simpleton
just released from the state asylum
where he spent 25 years for killing
his mother and her lover, is impres-
sive in its studied way. But really, is
this warmed-over mash of
Faulknerian-Forrest Gumpian

hokum fee best fear contemporary
American screenwriting has to
offer? If anything, the script is one of
fee. film’s weakest elements. The
stray rings false, the c ha r acter s are
types and, line for line, the dialogue
sounds like a poor Mark Twain irtu-
tation.

Thai again, Thornton's old-fash-
ioned screenplay calls more atten-
tion to itself than dees the script of a
well- written film, and it could be
that this quality made it appealing to

- die prize-givers, who must have felt
they were getting something for their
money. Sling Blade has Themes; it’s
About Good and Bvfl. The actors
(indndtog John. Ritter, country-

- iptisic singer Dwight Yoakam, and,
in J an uncredited cameo, Robert
Duvall) spend a great deal of their
time reciting Lines that were obvi-
ously Written.

The deeper problem wife the

SUNG BLADE
★★

Written and directed by Billy
Bob Thornton. Hebrew title:
Sling Blade. 146 minutes.
English dialogue, Hebrew subti-
tles. Parental guidance suggest-
ed.

With Billy Bob Thornton;,
Dwight Yoakam, John Ritter,
J.T. Walsh, Natalie Canerday
and Lucas Black.

movie, though, is that it hasn’t been
transformed satisfactorily from its
original farm as one-man stage show
to a more densely populated, visual-
ly kinetic work fra the screen.
Despite the fact that fete action has
been “opened cart” to include other
characters and a realistic small-town
backdrop, the dramatic pulse of die

movie still derives solely from
Thornton’s own over-fee-top perfor-
mance.

And this performance itself is
sympathetic and irritating in turn, the
kind of scene-stealing, gesture-
packed portrayal dial’s compelling
fra a little while and in isolation but
spells disaster fra the rest of an act-
ing ensemble and tedium when
milked for the length of a two-and-a-
half-bour film. Instead of living full
lives of their own, fee other charac-
ters (a little boy who befriends Kart,
die boy’s warm-hearted mother, her
abusive boyfriend, a gay family
friend. Karl’s father, etc.) serve the
function that one imagines the props
must have held in the theatrical pro-
duction - to act as catalysts and
sponges for die hero’s rambling
shtick.

At first, it’s hard to know how to
rake Thornton's blend of folksy real-
ism and blatant contrivance. In an
early scene, we hear about how, as a
young, abused bey, Kari found his
mother wife her lover and reacted
instinctively by wielding a knife, fee
sling blade of the title. Hie actor
huddles low in a chair, his hair cut
dose to fee skull, jaw thrust forward.
Kps pursed permanently in a com-
bined smfle/wince. A stagey pool of
light spills from a reading lamp
besade him, and his own voice fills
fee darkened room as it might a
small black-box t h eate r Not only is
the setting play-like, fee monologue
feat Kari proceeds to deliver in his
gravelly singsong - pausing to grunt
“hmph” every sentence or two and
rubbfeg his hands together nonstop-

Dance on the road

Bv«LEHKAYE

T he Kibbutz Dance Company

will barely have time to
^mpark between fee record

nimiber of foreign WUK scteSM

for fee 1997/98 season. Israel s most

nennatetic company aisu vuiuv.|~~~

Sxnel70 ^ performances, as

well as new works by guest choreo-
graphers and the armt£ Kamud

gSrieie of a foD **

Starting in October; KDC tfres

Beer’s Aide

fallowed by a tour tod»US art
Canada next March, with mere uxns
France, Germany and

Hpllff and Singapore scheduled

SWSttW

wot, Masa Sod
riSfe ^Negotiations are

son wife *e

^pectedtochraeogra^- ^

KDC ’S^S^^ Dan

Mafo Sod wiU premiere at

less in real tenas than our NIS 6 , 1 m.

budget last year," he says.

<2me 509b comes from tM

-rtfrsssBi

ptaG Katana)

Movement nominally responsible
fra another NIS 1.4m. In feet, says
Rudolf, the UKM is so strapped for
cafe “that it usually waits and then
gives us money to cover holes that
Jun, up in the budget." • •

absolutely everything into its first
episode - and become a documen-
tary in fee process.

“I live among people who don't
know how to be supportive.”
Vilozny says wearily. “We have a
tradition of self-flagellation.”

The veteran theater actor says he.
too, would like to see the series’
dramatic side developed more, and
concedes that the inexperience of
those involved has occasionally
been reflected in the show. "There
are some very talented individuals
[working on IDF I], but we have to
be a team. I'm sure that we'll grow,
and develop into a successful
team.”

For the most pan, though, Vilozny

is happy with his new job, saying
that he's particularly fascinated by

“fee continuity of it I’m building

a character - in theater, when you
build a character it’s done. I don’t
know where this Yaron Gutman will
go, what he’ll do.”

Wife obvious pleasure, he recalls
how customs officials greeted him
when he returned from a trip abroad
<xt the day after IDF I’s premiere.
“Suddenly I heard these cries of
‘Vilozny! It's great! What a good
show!’ We didn't invent the wheel,
but we're trying to ride the bike and
adjust the seat" to [Israeli] needs....
All I ask is that people be patient
We're trying to build something
here.”

Karl Childers (Billy Bob Thornton) befriends a little boy.

sounds so rehearsed, one wonders if
he's lying. How rise to explain his
readiness to plop himself down at
the start of the film and sponta-
neously recount his entire life histo-
ry in complete sentences?

But it seems Kart’s telling the
truth, and it seems Thornton means
for us to surrender to the notion that

this gentle giant and his friend, the
little boy, are privy to big secrets and
noble feelings that are too strong for
the grown-up, thinking world to han-
dle. Perhaps some viewers wfl] find
this premise moving. Others,
though, will probably agree that
Sling Blade is about as sodden as
Southern gothic gets.

The psalms in his hand

By IBCHAH. AJZEHSTADT

row can one sing the the
| Lord’s song in a strange
1? This existential ques-
tion, asked by the poet of the Book
of Psalms, describes
the very essence of the
life and works of
Polish-born,
American-based,

Israeli composer Jan
Radzynski. And this
ongoing contradiction
is also the centre of
Radzynski 's new
opus, Shirat Ma’ayan,
which is currently
being premiered by
the Haifa Symphony
Orchestra.

Jon Radzynski

Shirat Ma’ayan was
commissioned by the
HSO from Radzynski,
whose symphonic works have
already bran performed in Israel by
the Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra,
IB A, fee Israel Chamber Orchestra
and fee Israel Sinfonietm Beersheba.
R adzy nski responded to this com-
mission with two psalms, one writ-
ten for mezzo-soprano and orches-
tra, the other for tenor and orchestra.
The first is God is our Smngih, the
second By the Rivers of Babylon.

Setting Psalms to music is for from
original. But, Radzynski explains in
a phone conversation from his hone
in Columbus, Ohio, where he cur-
rently teaches, "although the Psalms
are well known by people of every

creed, for me they are the last string
of Jewish history and culture.

“They are so varied, conveying the
entire gamut of human emotions,
from love to death, from fear to ela-
tion.”

And writing in Columbus music to
the lines “If I forget thee Oh
Jerusalem,” is much more
titan symbolic- “I identify
very closely wife fee text.”
the composer explains, find-
ing it hard to overcome this
basic contradiction between
his beliefs and emotions.

Radzynski was beyn in
Warsaw, and at 19, he immi-
grated to Israel. He married
here and his first daughter
was bom here (his son was
bom in fee US). After serv-
ing in fee IDF during, fee
Yom Kippur War. he went to
study in the US. And sudden-
ly, “life has some surprises
for you which you do not plan.”

Although he has remained in fee
US ever since, the 47-year-old com-
poser argues that he sees himself
very much as an Israeli. But that
said, he comments: “The life of an
Israel abroad is a life erf contradictions,
it’s not an easy, simple existence.”

The HSO plays Radzynski s Shirat
Ma’ayan ai iis season finale under
the bourn of music director Stanley
Sperber. Concert dates are this
Saturday ( June 28) at the North
Theater in Kiryat Haim. June 29. 30,
July 2, 3, at the Haifa Auditorium
and Juh' 5 at the Noga Theater in
Jaffa. '

NEWS

of the muse

The romance is over

wuptes is splitting up. Brad Pitt
broken ioff their mpvLuJortns <o
tv J**, a Guagemi, who gave no reason for the parting.

Tterf S5?^ d l° Uple ^ P lanned » ^ kitoMhk

ab ? UI wheiher SP 111 wouId affect Pi*™

hvPalrmu/'. ^ Come dy Duets. The movie was to be

“dS^inT fall "' Bn “ WttOT '- to

Pfe 2S»* ^ in 1995 on the set of fee drama Seven.
hi March. Pitt told Rolling Stone magazine that it was love at fust

SghL ^

Texas gets tough on lyrics

Texas has became the first US state to prohibit its agencies
from investing in companies feat produce or distribute music
with lyrics that are sexually explicit or extol violence. The
Texas law was passed m fee form of a tiny rider at the end of
fee state s massive 900-page budget, signed by Gov. Georee W.
Busn. The nder prohibits the use of state money to invest In any
business feat owns 10 percent or more of a company that
receives income from music feat describes or advocates vio-
lence, illegal drug use, degradation of women, assault of police
officers, necrophilia, bestiality, pedophilia or criminal street
gangs.

The Recording friduscry Association of America is preparing
to c halle nge the rider on constitutional grounds. Association
vice president Cary Sherman warned feat fee ban “could include
things like Ray Charles’s ‘Let’s Go Get Stoned’ and Bob
Marley’s *1 Shot fee Sheriff. ’ ” yVrw York Times

‘Sisters’ play in Jerusalem

Pulitzer Prize winning US playwright Wendy Wasserstein was
inspired to write this show after she visited Israel a few years
ago. Habimah has done it in Hebrew and now the Jerusalem
English Speaking Theater (JEST) has a new production of 77«e
Sisters Rosensweig. It's a deft, wry, funny and compassionate
portrait of three Jewish women over 40 coping wife who they
were, who they are and where they’re going. The show opens
this Wednesday at Jerusalem's Gerard Behar Center.

Helen Kaye

Further face in the bedroom

The Mating Game is the latest of UK playwright Robin
Hawdon’s rollicking bedroom farces to visit. This one’s about suc-
cessful chat show host Draycott Harris who just can’t seem to get
it together when it comes to girls. He’s played by engaging Patrick
Kearns, last seen here in Hawdon’s Don't Dress for Dinner .
Draycott has fallen in love with his sexy new PR lady. Honey
Took (Nicole Fitzpatrick), and if that isn’t enough of a problem,
wait till sultry Mrs. Finney (Sadie Nine) hits fee deck. It sex, fun,
doors, more doors, more sex and it plays countrywide July 12-19.

Helen Kaye

Awards for Amon and Mazia

Judith Amon. the founder and recently retired director of the
Kibbutz Dance Company, was honored with fee International
Society for Performing Arts Distinguished Artist Award for life-
time achievement, at fee closing ceremony of fee ISPA confer-
ence last Wednesday.

Playwright Edna Mazia will receive the 1997 Margalit Prize for
her play A Family Affair at fee Van Leer Institute in Jerusalem on
Wednesday. The author of the long-running Games in the Back
Yard,-Maziz is a scriptwriter for Gov Night on Channel 2, and has
recently published her first book. The prize is worth NIS 1 0,000.

Helen Kave

JSO bridges cultural gaps

The Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra is joining fee trend of
concerts combining traditional classical music with feat of east-
ern traditions. Yehoram Gaon emcees a special concert (July 3
in Jerusalem), and Shimon Cohen leads fee orchestra in selec-
tions by Pefgolesi and Paganini as well as compositions by
Peretz Eliyahu and selections of traditional Arab-influenced
music. Among fee soloists are singer Marcel Museri and tar
player Shlomo Tahlov. Michael Ajzenstadi

Win a prize for Meaner

In honor of its 10th anniversary, the Safed KJezmer Festival (July
14-16), is offering a prize for an original klezmer (Jewish soul
music) piece. Composers are invited to submit an insoumental
piece of up to four minutes. The fully scored composi tion manu-
script, together wife a tape recording, should be submitted by July
7 to: Hanan Bar-Sela, Klezmer Competition. Oren Plus
Advertising, 5 Hamasger Street, Tel Aviv 61238.

Helen Kaye

5 E E |N HEBREW.

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THE JERUSALEM

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Founded in 1932 by GERS HON AGRON

United on Jerusalem

O n May 27, 1945. after bitter fighting, the
last 1,300 residents of the Jewish
Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem
were evacuated, ending centuries of Jewish
presence in the ancient part of the city. For
almost 20 years, the synagogues of the Jewish
quarter lay destroyed and Jews were barred
from their holiest site, the- Western Wall.

For Israelis, redividing Jerusalem is as
unthinkable as redividing Berlin yrould be to
Americans and Europeans. Yet the United
Slates continues to struggle with its policy
toward Israel’s capital. This month. Congress
made two important statements concerning
Jerusalem. First, it passed a non-binding reso-
lution commemorating the 30th anniversary of
the reunification of the city, which passed by a
406 to 17 vote.. The resolution called on the
president to “affirm publicly as a matter of
United States policy that Jerusalem must remain
the undivided capital of the State of Israel.*’

The second and perhaps more significant
statement was passage of a foreign aid autho-
rization bill that contains four provisions relat- ■
ing to Jerusalem: authorizing $100 million for
the construction of a U.S. embassy in
Jerusalem; placing the US consulate in
Jerusalem under the authority of the ambas-
sador to Israel, identifying Jerusalem as die cap-
ital of Israel in official US documents, and.
upon request, recording Jerusalem, Israel as the
place of birth of US citizens born in the city.

The first provision, authorizing funds to build
a new embassy in Jerusalem, is largely symbol-
ic because it does not require that the funds be
spentThe binding element of US law is in the
Jerusalem Embassy Act of 199S, which requires
that the embassy be located in Jerusalem no
later than May 31, 1999.

The other three provisions, however, speak to
the dirty little secret about US policy towards .
Jerusalem: the US currently does not recognize
any part of Jerusalem as being part of Israel, let
alone as Israel’s capital. The US consul-general
continues to report directly to the State
Department in Washington, as his predecessors
have since the 1840’s, and not to the embassy in
Tel Aviv.

Israel may be the only country in the world
that, according to official US maps, has no cap-
ital. And Americans whose children are boro in
Jerusalem are surprised to find their children's
passports list a disembodied “Jerusalem” as the
birthplace, with no country attached.

According to current policy, which has been
in place not just since 1967, but since 1948,
even the western portion of Jerusalem is not
treated as fully part of Israel. Somehow, US
policy became fossilized since the United
Nations partition resolution of 1947, which
envisioned the city as an internationalized
enclave.

Internationalization was supposed to expire
after ten years, the Arab states never accepted it,
and the resolution became a dead letter after the
1948 war, yet US policy remained fixed. In
effect, the policy toward Jerusalem became the
only part of US policy that stubbornly refused to
recognize the results of Israel’s War of
Independence - almost as if the Arab refusal to
recognize Israel’s right to exist had crept into a
comer of US policy in, of all places, Jerusalem.

Over the years, the dissonance between
America’s generally pro-Israel policies and its
stand on Jerusalem grew, and attracted congres-
sional attention. The Congress, to its credit,
could not understand why the US should main-
tain a policy that is so prejudicial against Israel,
even after Arab sensibilities are taken into
account

For example, the US position could be that
Jerusalem should be the subject of final-status
negotiations, but that it is and will be the capital
of Israel no matter what, so the US Embassy
should be located there.

The mantra of US policy - that Jerusalem is
the subject of negotiations and therefore US
policy will not change - is a non sequitor. There
is nothing inconsistent about recognizing
Jerusalem as Israel’s capital and Jerusalem
remaining a topic for final-status negotiations;
Israel itself holds these two positions concur-
rently.

Similarly, there is no reason for the US to be
skittish about asserting that Jerusalem must
remain undivided. Even the Palestinians have
given up trying to argue for division. The offi-
cial Palestinian Authority web site states that
the Palestinians envisage Jerusalem as “the
united capital of two peoples.” The same source
states that the Palestinians, “declare that
Jerusalem, and not only East Jerusalem, is the
capital of the prospective Palestinian state ...”

It is far from clear how all of Jerusalem could
be both an Israeli and Palestinian capital, with
no border dividing the city. What is clear is that
Jerusalem, even according to Palestinians,
should remain united and Israel's capital.
According to the Jerusalem Embassy Act, and
as just reaffirmed overwhelmingly by the
Congress, it the “policy of the United States 4 '
that “Jerusalem should remain an undivided city
... and should be recognized as the capital of the
State of Israel.’'

If the US administration is unwilling to state
this position publicly, at least it should feel
bound not to act contrary to the will of
Congress. The provisions just passed by
Congress are an opportunity to act consistently
with both the policy mandated by Congress and
with the need to negotiate over Jerusalem in
final-status talks. The new provisions on
Jerusalem are a long-overdue correction to US
policy; they should be implemented, not vetoed.

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

DORMITORY COMMUNITIES

Sir, - In his article of June 19
concerning Prime Minister
Netanyahu's cartographic propos-
al ostensibly based on the All on
Plan, David Newman makes a gra-
tuitously disparaging reference to
settlements over die Green Line as
“dormitory communities." This is
out of order for three reasons.

First, there is nothing inherently
contemptible in bedroom commu-
nities. They are one of the com-
mon phenomena of modem indus-
trialized and technological society.
Otherwise places like, say,
Levittown, New York, and
Ra'anana and Kfar Shmaryahu
would have difficulty maintaining
their existence.

Second, despite intense efforts
by many of the communities over
the Green Line, they were unable
to obtain the type of government
support (infrastructure, roads,
financial benefits, etc.) that
would allow and encourage

IMPOSSIBLE DREAM

Sir, - Meir Ronnen's article of
May 28, “The sweet possible
dream,” is sweet all right, but
hardly possible. He of all persons
should know that, while it may be
true that their general trends may
not be far apart, we are sill dealing
with politicians here, and how
could they ever agree?

We are unfortunately saddled
until an incompetent do-nothing for
a prime minister and he certainly
would never step down unless
forced to. And would the Likud
ever accept any of Labor’s leaders
to occupy that position? Hardly.

Ronnen is certainly not the first
to suggest that the two big L’s get
together, and he won’t be the last.
Unfortunately, in the light of real-
ity, it is just a pipe dream, albeit a
good one.

LEONARD ZU RAKOV

development of industrial areas.
In those few instances where they
were successful, such as Barkan
in Samaria, the results have been
a major contribution to local
employment as well as a signifi-
cant addition to Israel’s economic
strength and balance of pay-
ments.

Third, Dr. Newman is himself a
resident of Meitar, a dormitoiy
community par excellence. It is
one of the settlements established
to ensure a Jewish presence in die
northern Negev between
Beersheba and the Hebron Hills, a
region inhabited primarily by
Beduin tribes. Although its prox-
imity to the Greco Line is a geo-
graphical fact, its legitimacy in the
eyes of Dr. Newman is apparently
based on the fact that it is on the
politically corcect side.

JAY SHAPIRO

Ginot Shomron.

EQUALLY GUILTY

Sir, - I am not disappointed
that the police have apprehended
the teenager who burned the
Israeli flag on Independence
Day. I would like to know, how-
ever, why the police do not apply
the law equally. For many years,
Uri Avnery has verbally burned
the flag and tom up “Hatikva,”
citing them as racist symbols
which do not represent all Israeli
citizens, namely the Arabs. Why
have the police not apprehended
or investigated Avnery, perhaps
for disloyalty and incitement? -
His writings, no less than the
teenager’s wanton act, show dis-
respect for the founders "of the
Jewish State and the memories
of those who have fallen in its
defense.

AVRAHAM Y. GROFF

UNACCEPTABLE VIOLENCE

Sir, - Recent events at the
Western Wall highlight a crisis
in our entire social fabric. We
must decide very quickly
whether we wish to be a nation
of laws or a nation of funda-
mentalism and anarchy. If we
are to be a nation of laws, we
must adopt a “zero level toler-
ance” to all acts of violence,
regardless of the perpetrator.
Unless the act of a stone thrown
by a haredi youth or adult is
treated in the same way as the
act of the stone thrown by a
Palestinian youth or adult, this
country will degenerate further
into acts of violence and disre-
spect for the rule of law. The
haredi public has learned from
Its recent actions on Bar-Dan
Street that they can get away
with almqst any behavior with
no legal repercussions.

Also, since we read that the
haredim lead their lives as
directed by their rabbinical
leaders, it is becoming incredi-
bly disingenuous for those lead-
ers to claim that these acts are
performed by a few fringe ele-
ments. If the haredi leaders, in
no uncertain terms, told their
constituents to stop these acts of
violence immediately, they
would stop. Until these acts
result in swift and uncompro-
mising legal action by our
police and governmental bodies,
the rabbis appear unlikely to
stop them.

These violent acts, perpetrated
by people many view as reli-
giously observant, are totally
unacceptable within any inter-
pretation of Halacha. They
serve only to drive the wedge
deeper between the various
aspects of Jewish society in
Israel and worldwide.

STUART GOLDSTEIN

Netanya. Jerusalem. Ramat Yishai.

Double trouble

SUSAN HATTIS ROLEF

T he other day I came across a
colleague looking ill and
defeated. Her son, I
recalled, had been killed in the
Yom Kippur War.

’This time the haredim have
really crossed the red line.” she
told me through clenched teeth.
She went on to talk about an arti-
cle that had appeared a few days
before in Rabbi Schach’s Yated
Ne'eman daily, by editor Natan
Ze’ev Grossman.

AH those who have fallen in
Israel's wars, Grossman opined,

iWo wrongs will
viewer make a right

died as a result of the sins of
“licentious seculars and the
national religious.”

Like all parents of our almost
19,000 fallen soldiers, my friend
cherishes the memory of her son
as a hero who died in the defense
of his country. He fell because
wars kill people, and those who
end up doing the dying tend to be
those who do the fighting - which
excludes the editor of Yated
Ne'eman and most of the paper's
readers.

Now I cannot claim to know
whether there is a God; but I do
perceive a yawning gap between
the compassion and graciousness
attributed to the God of the Jews
and God’s alleged willingness,
according to his “Lithuanian”
adherents, to have innocents die
for others’ sins.

Not long ago another haredi
paper argued that six million Jews
perished in the Holocaust because
of the “deviations” of Reforoi and
Conservative Jews. The insinua-
tion seemed to be that the Nazis
were notiiing more than God’s ser-

vants doing his dirty work tor
him.

Even as a nonbeliever I refuse to
accept that these are the ways of
God, if he exists.

The conclusion I am forced to,
therefore, is that such poisonous
pronouncements by Grossman
and his ilk lave less to do with
God and religion than with the
deliberate spreading of senseless
hatred. The dissemination is
being done by members of a com-
munity whose 99-year-old spiritu-
al leader is on his deathbed, and
.whose younger leadership echelon
looks like a collection of narrow-
minded zealots, lacking any com-
passion for the people of Israel in
genera] and the bereaved parents
of fallen soldiers in particular.

It might also be recalled that last
week, Rabbi Moshe Gafin, one of
thi s community’s two Knesset
representatives, refused to sit
down with Reform and
Conservative rabbis to see if there
was a sensible way out of the con-
version law mess.

AND yet the rift cannot be blamed
on haredi zealotry only.

Too many secular Israelis reject
the legitimacy of the haredi life
style. Too many regard all hared-
im, irrespective of which “court”
they belong to and how they lead
their daily lives, as demons: -

The haredim are right when they
accuse us seculars of adhering to a
double standard.

Haredi sources recently pub-
lished ads in the secular [ness
pointing out that while the secular
community was quick to turn the
haredi youth photographed burn-
ing the national flag on Lag
Ba’Omer into a symbol of haredi
society, it treated die secular youth
who burned two friends to death
over a NIS ISO debt as nothing

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nore than an aberration.

One might argue about the
alidity of the comparison, bat
ine cannot argue about the double
tandard.

Was the haredi youth’s act any
nore of a slur on the sanctity of
ational symbols than the words
if some Aviv Geflen songs? I
tink noL

Yet many of us who tend to a
Miient view of Geffen (who, after
11, comes from the “complicated"
)ayan family) expressed no inter-
st whatsoever in the background
f the young flag-burner. How
nany of us even learned his
ame?

lar Jews continue treating the cir-
cumstances of their lives in this
country as a zero-sum game? Are
the two groups capable, or even
desirous, of dialogue?

This much is sure. Blasphemy
Ilka Grossman’s will not promote
dialogue; nor will the seculars'
double standard.

Nor, regrettably, will Uri Zohar
with his new TV talk show, or
haredi journalist Yisrael Eichler,
who appears regularly on Dan
Margalit’s Popolitika. These pro-
grams are, at best, popular. enter-
tainment, confusing the issues
much more than they clarity (hem.

The writer is a political scientist.

Sorry, there’s no happy ending

R emember MAD, Mutually
Assured Destruction? It
was the acronym for the
underlying rationale of superpow-
er deterrence strategy during the
Cold War face-off between die US
and the USSR.

Well, here’s SAD - Self-
Assured Destruction - character-
izing the underlying rationale of
Israel’s policy in the post-Oslo
era.

It makes little difference
whether we’re talking about the
minimalist version of Israel’s pro-
posal for the final settlement with
the Palestinians, in which 40 per-
cent of Judea and Samaria will
supposedly be transferred to
Palestinian control, or the maxi-
malist version, which cites 60 per-
cent Either ensures the creation of
an untenable situation for both
sides.

Each proposes the establishment
of tiny, dislocated enclaves criss-
crossed by security corridors
under Israeli control. Clearly
totally unacceptable to any
Palestinian regime, they also guar-
antee the Balkanization of the
area.

In fact, it would be hard to come
up with a more effective formula
for a Bosnia-like scenario than a
proposal which advocates the
establishment, within highly-con-
fined territorial! boundaries, of two
military organizations, Israeli and
Palestinian. Each would be oper-
ating under separate systems of
command, with different loyalties,
different operational priorities and
agendas; each would be based on
a different, inimical ethnic com-
position.

As a proposal for tranquillity, it
appears to make as much sense as
hying to extinguish a fire by dous-
ing it with gasoline.

Even if some authoritative

MARTIN SHERMAN

Palestinian leadership willing to
forgo 40-60 percent of Judea and
Samaria could be found, it would
be confronted by vigorous, proba-
bly violent, resistance from within
its own people.

Such opposition would not be

enclaves, running along the
fringes of major population cen-
ters, will be almost impossible to
secure. On the other, the tenitorial
discontinuity of the areas under
Palestinian authority will make
them almost impossible to govern

Pre-detente there was MAD, post-Oslo we
have SAD. And it's really gloomy

difficult to comprehend, since the
proposals do little to satisfy even
the most rudimentary prerequi-
sites for Palestinian national self-
esteem, economic viability, and
administrative feasibility.

As former Meretz minister Prof.
Amnon Rubinstein once wrote,
such measures can serve “only to
deepen Palestinian humiliation
and perpetuate Jewish- Arab enmi-
ty."

Negative Palestinian feelings
will vent themselves in two ways.
Firstly, there will be hostile
resentment toward the incumbent
Palestinian leadership because of
its “perfidious surrender” of
national interests. This will create
fertile ground for incitement
aimed at replacing that leadership
by a less accommodating regime,
commensurately more inimical to
Israel.

Secondly, there will be acts of
violence directed at Israel, as an
expression of continuing commit-
ment to the struggle to realize
Palestinian national rights.

HOW will things look on the
ground?

On the one hand, the long, con-
torted borders of die proposed

effectively.

Thus even assuming the best of
intentions among the Palestinian
leadership, protecting the coastal
metropolis and Jerusalem area
from attacks by the ‘‘enemies of
peace” would become a mammoth
task. It would also have very little
prospect of success.

To understand the difficulties
involved; one might compare the
situation likely to arise along our
new eastern frontier with the one
prevailing on our northern border.

There, the existence of a “secu-
rity zone,” the presence of a pro-
Israel militia, and the operational
deployment of IDF troops inside
Lebanon barely suffice to ensure a
very precarious calm along a rela-
tively short (less than lOO-km)
border.

One can only imagine the much
more onerous and fragile situation
in the case of an extremely long
(almost 700-km) border, without
the benefit of any security zone,
without a proxy militia, and with-
out the physical deployment of
IDF forces inside the Palestinian-
held territory.

Under such conditions, almost
the entire urban infrastructure of
the country would be under con-

tinual tnreaq me economic ana
social routine in the heart of die
country would be in constant dan-
ger of disruption.

Incursions from across the adja-
cent borders - no more than walk-
ing distance from our major cities
- and bombardment from die hills
commanding the coastal plain by
cheap, mobile light aims and
rockets available to irregular mili-
tias or terrorist organizations
could only be prevented by Israeli
invasion of Palestinian -controlled
territory.

So drastic a measure as ground
invasion of a fledgling (allegedly-
demilitarized) Palestinian entity
would not only bring international
censure and sanction; it would
also constitute a pretext for the
dispatch of forces from the Arab
and Moslem countries to aid their
assailed and beleaguered brethren.

With die Palestinian areas serv-
ing as a staging point for regular
military forces, Israel would find
itself in a desperate situation, both
diplomatically and militarily.

This is the inexorable logic of
the SAD syndrome. At the root of
the mentality behind it seems a
stubborn reluctance to face up to
the harsh reality that, under pre-
vailing regional geopolitical con-
ditions, the Israeli-Arab conflict
cannot be resolved, only managed.

SAD embodies a fundamental
unwillingness to acknowledge
that far-reaching Israeli conces-
sions will not defuse inherent
Arab enmity, that they serve only
to diminish, even eliminate,
Israel's ability to contain the con-
flict.

And for Israel, the consequences
of an unmanageable and uncon-
taiuable conflict are veiy dire.

The writer lectures in political sci-
ence at Tel Aviv University.

Daily life — the real classroom

ESTHER WACHSMAN

A s the school year comes to
an end. I'd like co con-
tribute something to that
much-talked about subject teach-
ing democracy in the classroom.

I grew up in the most democrat-
ic country in the world, and yet we
did not study “democracy” in
school.

We inhaled a culture of democ-
racy, we were bom into it, it was
as unconscious and natural as
breathing.

We saw democracy in action; we
witnessed and took part in elec-
tions, where the winner went on to
lead the nation - all (he people,
whether they voted for him or not
and the loser went home.

In the US, the greatest of all
democracies, the elected govern-
ment appoints its own people to
all key positions. It is unheard of
for a new president to be forced to
work with his predecessor’s
appointees.

Never did I hear any citizen
whose party lost the election say
he was emigrating from the coun-
try because he felt “his homeland
no longer belonged to him."

In our country, which aspires to
be a democracy, which would like
our Board of Education to make

the study of democracy required
in our schools, there are no role
models for democracy or moral
examples to follow.

Shimon Peres did nol seem to
realize that he had lost an election;
consequently, he did not “go
home.” His rationale was that the

value and importance of the peace
process superseded the democrat-
ic process.

With all due respect to the peace
process, it is not above the demo-
cratic one. By teaching our youth
that peace stands above every-
thing, Peres is setting a very poor
example of what Israeli democra-
cy is about.

Those professors who urge
courses of study in democracy
proved themselves unworthy of
educating our youth when they too
set a poor personal example by
objecting to the presence of our
democratically elected prime min-
ister on their campus.

The late Yitzhak Rabin set a sim-
ilar poor example when, as prime
minister, he referred to a sector of
the nation as “propellers,” and
when he stated that he was respon-
sible for the security of only 97
percent of his citizens.

We find a more recent example

of “sore losers” in those political
circles that did not accept the ver-
dict of the attorney-general or the
High Court in the Bar-On Affair,
who declare themselves dissatis-
fied with the democratic process.

The scorn, contempt and sheer
blind hatred aimed at Binyamin
Netanyahu by his political oppo-
nents not only defies democracy,
but inspires extremism and fanati-
cism, this time on the Left

IN showing our people that
democracy is not in the forefront
of our country's values, how do
those who claim that the peace
process takes precedence over

anything else differ from (hose
who feel that the Torah takes
precedence over democracy?

When the day-to-day national
reality foils to respect die democ-
ratic process, when public figures
do not heed it, when political lead-
ers defy it, how can we expect our
young people to attach value or
respect to it?

By making it a required course
in school?

Anybody cam pass, even excel at
a school subject But if it has no
bearing on young lives, no impact
on developing psyches, no influ-
ence on our way of life, on our i
very , being, in the end such teach- \
ing is worthless. . 1

Unless values are internalized
and accepted unconditionally, no
amount of teaching and testing
will work. -

Until our leaders'. and key fig-
ures, people our youth can emu-
late, see fit to accept, m internalize
the value of the democratic
process, any school course on
democracy vriR.remam' only Up
service paid to a crucial need. ^

The ■ writer is a -high school ■■
teacher. Her son. Nachshon, was
killed by Hamas terrorists in 1294.

Where I grew up, we Inhaled democracy

P°FiMr a?

Sunday, June 22, 1997
Vol; CXLVI— No. 50,831

Cowright ©;1S97 He New Yort Time,

or

^

in

Weekly Review

* > ' .

A New Leaf

Now, the Archenemies Need Each Other

Washington
HERE has never been a business lobby quite
Qj like Big Tobacco. For de c ad es. Its clout in Wasb-
!Dj ington and state capitals was legendary, its
■ prowess acknowledged by friend and foe.

‘ -Politicians crossed Big Tobacco at their periL Most
didn’t try. Tobacco industry war chests poured r_»sh into
efforts to block new cigarette taxes and anti-smoking
ord inan ces, to elect friends and crush enemies.

The Tobacco Institute, headquarters of the indus-
try’s effort to rebut the evidence that smoking maires
people sick, was a Washington powerhouse. “Dollar for
dollar, they're probably the most effective lobby on
Capitol m” Senator Edward M. Kennedy, die Massa-
chusetts Democrat, said of it in 1979.

No more. State and local anti-smoking laws have
swept the country in the face of Big Tobacco's strenuous
objections. When President Clinton moved to restrict
cigarette sales and advertising just 11 weeks before
Election Day last year, he reckoned that he had more to
gain from attacks mi tobacco than he would lose in
tobacco-growing states. Bob Dole, the Republican candi-
date, suffered politically when he suggested that tobacco
might not be addictive and that the Government should
not regulate it.

For anti-smoking crusaders, nothing has brought
more joy than die waning influence of Big Tobacco.

Until now.

For suddenly last week, with the conclusion of an
agreement by the industry to submit to regulation of
tobacco as a drug, to curtail its advertising and to pay
more than $360 billion in exchange for protection from
lawsuits. Big Tobacco and Its lifelong enemies now need
each other.

A Skeptical Congress

And the deal cannot take effect without approval
from a Congress that has already pronounced itself
deeply skeptical. So, the anti-smoking forces that helped
negotiate the new agreement have no hope of winning
support for it unless die industry's lobbyists exert their
influence.

By ROBERT PEAR

Republicans like Representative Thomas J. Bliley
Jr. of Virginia, long a friend of the industry, have scorned
efforts by the Food and Drug Administration to regulate
tobacco. The prospect that the industry will now urge him
to support a vast expansion of the agency's powers
boggles the mind. But such efforts will be necessary
because Mr. Bliley is chairman of the House Commerce
Committee, which has authority over the F.D.A.

Kathryn Kahler Vose, a spokeswoman for the Cam-
paign for Tobacco-Free Kids, which took part in the
negotiations, said: “We have been at war with the
tobacco companies. But we will urge Congress to support
this package, and we anticipate that the tobacco compa-

Anti-smoking forces can’t
persuade a skeptical
Congress to approve the
settlement without help from
lobbyists for Big Tobacco.

rues will do so too. The nation will lose the many public
health benefits of this agreement if Congress doesn't
approve it. That would be really tragic.”

Tobacco companies described the settlement as “a
bitter pill,” and in a joint statement, they said it called for
new laws and regulations “with which we do not neces-
sarily agree” — a possible signal of trouble to come. But
they promised to support it “in order to achieve a
resolution in the public interest”

Although Big Tobacco has been on the defensive for
years, it still has big resources that the anti-smoking
forces lack, and need. Tobacco companies bankroll many
of the super-lawyers and lobbyists in Washington. Its
roster of advisers includes blue-ribbon firms like Coving-
ton ft Burling, Arnold ft Porter and Williams ft Connolly.

How closely the state attorneys general, public
health groups and cigarette makers will work together is
unclear. Buz they share a common objective, translating

their agreement into an enforceable Federal law.

For years to come, if the agreement survives,
strange bedfellows will depend on one another in ways
they never have before. Together, they may become a
new sort of lobby, prodding Congress to bless the agree-
ment they forged.

The Lawyers Balk

Some people who hate cigarettes oppose the agree-
ment simply on the ground that it does not go far enough
to eradicate smoking. But more formidable opposition
may come from plaintiffs' lawyers and their clients who
want an unfettered opportunity to recover damages.

In a statement in January, the Association of Trial
Lawyers of America said, “Our court and jury system
must not be denied the opportunity to hold the tobacco
industry accountable in the best traditions of American
justice.” Howard F. Twiggs, president of the association,
said then that "Congress must not emasculate the very
justice system that is only beginning to unearth the truth
about tobacco.”

Several past presidents of the association took part
in the negotiations on behalf of plaintiffs, but the group
itself has indicated that it will oppose any provisions of a
settlement that curtail die rights of future claimants.

The agreement seems to have already split the
ranks of anti-smoking advocates. The American Cancer
Society, the American Heart Association and the Ameri-
can Medical Association backed the settlement talks this
month. But other anti-tobacco groups like the American
Lung Association opposed them, fearing that the industry
would gam more from a deal than consumers. All the
groups are now evaluating the agreement

On Friday, Dr. John R. Seffrin, chief executive of the
American Cancer Society, said he was “encouraged by
the public health concepts” that appear to be embodied in
the settlement But John R. Garrison, managing director
of the American Lung Association, said, “Now is not die
time to settle."

Whether parties to the agreement will staunchly
defend it on Capitol Hill or whether they will seek extra
advantage for themselves is uncertain. Before it can take
effect, the agreement appears to require numerous steps

Continued on Page 3

Printed and distributed
in Israel

in association with
The Jerusalem Post

The Nr» Yort Times

No Victors, Only Spoils

How the War Goes On
(And On) in Cambodia

By BARBARA CROSSETTE

A S Cambodia wobbles yet again on
the edge of a violent implosion,
barely five years (and billions of
dollars) after the United Nations
mounted the largest national recovery mis-
sion in its history, the rest of the world
migh t justifiably wonder, as an anonymous
diplomat asked last week, whether Cambo-
dians are simply bent on killing each other.
“Let them be,” seems to be the common
sentiment “We have done all we can for
them."

That’s the problem.

There has always been foreign meddling
in the affairs of this extraordinary comuy
of Buddhist piety, royalist loyalty, artistic
brilliance, exquisite natural beauty and in-
explicably deep strains of human cruelty

^Th^^^France, JapamVtetiiai^Chm^

rh - united States have had a hand in
- - -jjrf rewriting Cambodia’s history

throughout -K

fateful coincidmce ^ M

rumors leader responsible

from 1975 to
Robert McNa-
1979 ’ ^ Dri^e Secretary who

raising United States
wasfo^tnam discus-
stakes in the w » teen avoided.

ing ^t^bThad learned enough to
PerhaP^ ^ ^ begin with the

mjow that history ow noi

Americans. of this century

have roots m o The ancient

easily “ JJeXuij threat io the

"-fffftSSCSSSS

Sssscwasa

Modem Thailand, which inherited that Sia-
mese legacy, has never given up the game.
The Thai military until very recently en-
joyed a lucrative business partnership with
the Khmer Rouge that allowed generals to
exploit impoverished Cambodia’s timber
and gemstones.

Vietnam was Cambodia’s other tradition-
al foe. Some scholars on bow Pol Pot came
to power believe that the Khmer Rouge’s
vicious hate propaganda against Vietnam
earned it genuine support — and still does,
because Cambodians believe their two larg-
er neighbors will always fight over them.

But Siam and Vietnam were outdone by
France, which consolidated its hold over
Indochina — Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos
_ by the late 19th century. Decades of
relative peace followed, until World War H
when Japan occupied much of Southeast
Asia. When the Japanese were driven out in
1945, it was only a matter of time before
French Indochina became independent
countries in 1953-54 — and again vulnerable.

It is fitting that Mr. McNamara and veter-
ans of the leftist-nationalist movement in
Vietnam should be talking about how the
war got out of control, because the critical
decisions made in Hanoi and Washington in
the 1950’s and 1960’s still send out ripples.

After the defeat of the French at Dien
Bien Phu in 1954 and the division of Viet-
nam. the communist leadership under Ho
Chi Minh decided that the conquest of South
Vietnam, not national development, was the
top priority. America’s entrydid not deter
Hanoi, only raised the real and human costs

^"Vietnam was prepared to make extreme
sacrifices, but the Americans didn't uncter-
this,” Deputy Foreign Minister Dao
Ngoc told the gathering on Friday
war set Vietnam back at least a
generation, but Hanoi thought the pnce
^rththe prize. While other Southeast Asian

the country was reeducating its pwple. The
SS^damage was compounded when

Continued on Page 4

United Press Internat ion al

A stone guardian peers from the overgrown gateway to a Cambodian temple.

What a Concept!

Less work, more
pay: France keeps
the dream alive.

By Louis
Uchitelle

Winning by Losing
Nobody watches
all-news TV, but
it’s a big success.

By Mark

Landler K

More Sweatshops?

Economists take
another look at
low-wage
factories.

By Allen R. Myerson

Bribery or Carrot

Clinton’s foreign
aid gamble:
human rights for
U.S. dollars.

By Raymond Bonner

2 IE

THEJERUSALRfF&ST

WEEKLY REVIEW

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, JUNE 22 , 1997

Ideas & Trends

How to Succeed in

By LOUIS UCHTTELLE

I MAGINE. The French Socialists want to
shrink the work week by four hours, but
without shrinking anyone’s pay, which
is wonderful politics, no doubt, but iffy
economics. French industrialists must be
itching to relocate to southeast Asia — or
the United States, for that matter — where
. the natives will work more hours, not fewer,
for no extra money.

That resignation is becoming entrenched
in America. Neither President Clinton nor
the Republicans dream of matching the
campaign promise of Lionel Jospin, the
newly elected French Prime Minister. The
best they do is the Family Leave Act, which
allows time off without pay. Even Mr. Jos-
pin, in a speech to Parliament last week,
hedged on his promise to reduce the stand-
ard French work week to 35 hours from 39
with no loss of pay. He suggested that work-
ers might have to wait up to five years for
this .to happen.

And yet Mr. Jospin has tapped into a
yearning that goes back to the early days of
the industrial revolution, when people real-
ized that their new ways of production were
generating far more wealth than they had
known in the past So the industrial nations

The French elected
the man who promised
a shorter work week.

sought to translate some of their rising
wealth into leisure time for workers, and
eventually that happened. In 1870, Ameri-
cans, Germans, French, Japanese and Brit-
ish averaged nearly 3,000 hours a year on
the job. Now it is less than 2,000 hours, with
much of the decline having come since
World War IL

Each reduction in hours came at a cost, of
course. A 6 percent raise — not unusual in
more robust times — might be divided be-'
tween 3 percent in cash and 3 percent in
time off. Or workers might get their raises
all in cash, and earn the leisure time
through greater productivity — producing
in, say, seven hours all the goods and serv-
ices they had needed eight hours to turn out
a year or two earlier. The hour saved be-
came time off.

Americans led in this process, and by the
1960’s the average worker had fewer hours
on the job than those in any of the other
major industrial nations. Leisure had be-
come. a national goal, a badge of one’s
wealth. Today, all that is lost. Weekly sched-
ules might be similar, but when vacations
and holidays are factored in, no one in
Western Europe works more hours la a
year, on average, than Americans, accord-

2.000

1.500

1,000

500

Germany

Counting the Hours ._

Average annual number of
hours worked in manufacturing -
in each nation.

Source. Bureau of Labor Statistics

1 1 1 1 1 1

‘60 ’65 70 75 ’80 ‘85 ’90 ’95

The New York Times

ing co data compiled by the Labor Depart-
ment.

"There is no right way, but there is a
balance," said Thomas Koch an, a labor
economist at the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology’s Sloan School of Management
"We have probably overextended on the
work side, and we are likely to see a back-
lash, perhaps from younger people."

The global economy changed things. Over
the last couple of decades, less wealth has
accumulated in the big industrial nations,
and more in the developing countries. Faced
with this competition, the United States has
reversed course, adding hours.

The American reversal coincided with a
change in the distribution of wealth. A dis-
proportionate share of the more slowly ris-
ing national income went to the top third of
American households, while the rest of the
population did not earn enoug h to keep up
with inflation. That inequality raided up en-
couraging both rich and poor to spend more
time on the job — that and the growing job
insecurity that came with downsizing.

The Affluent, Too

“The average American worker once got
healthy raises, and of course he said he
wanted some of it in more vacation time,"
said Richard Freeman, a Harvard econo-
mist Now, Mr. Freeman and others argue,
the less fortunate have to work more hours to
earn enough to sustain their living standards.

The wealthy also have embraced longer
hours, but' for a different reason. For many
professional people — lawyers, engineers,
consultants, managers — "working longer
hours has become the way to impress the
boss and get promoted," Mr. Freeman said,
“and shorter hours is thought of as giving up
on the job. If we felt more secure we would
probably work fewer hours."

Western Europe, distributing income

Associated Presa

Taking to the streets in 1995 to protect benefits, a man dressed as an elderly woman pleads, “Don’t touch my small savings please;

more evenly, has continued the struggle for
more leisure time, although the wealth to pay
for it has diminished. And that is why Mr.
Jospin's proposal is greeted with such skepti-
cism — more like a campaign promise that
draws cheers, and votes, for its good inten-
tions, although few really expect it to happen.

“The French, being more ideological, have
trouble admitting they have to pay for work-
ing less,” said Gerhard Bosch, a German
sociologist who is vice president of the Insti-
tute of Work and Technology near Dussel-
dorf. "But they do; everyone knows that"

The differing approaches — America’s
and Western Europe’s — naturally lead to
finger-pointing. Mr. Bosch is a finger-pointer.
The Americans, he says, should reduce their
enormous overtime, and that would chip
away at inequality by pulling more people
into higher-paying jobs. The overtime is par-
ticularly noticeable among skilled, higher-
paid factory workers — the American corpo-
rate preference being to work existing staff
longer hours rather than hire more people
for these costly jobs.

"If the companies hired more people in
lieu of overtime," Mr. Bosch said, “many
low-paid people would give up bad jobs and

make the switch. The problem is the United
States has no national mechanism — like
laws that limit the number of hours people
can work — for redistributing work in a fair
way. And unions are too weak to do this.”
Some American experts are similarly crit-
ical of die Western Europeans. Unemploy-
ment rates are generally much higher there
than in the United States, a result in part of
national austerity programs that dampen

Americans and
Europeans agree: The
other is wrong.

economic activity, although the intention is
to prepare each nation for a single European
currency. But Alan Krueger, a labor econo-
mist at Princeton University, paints to a
different explanation of unemployment that.
has emerged from his research — different
even from the. usual American criticism.

The usual American criticism is that Eu-
ropean companies would step up their hiring,
and reduce their unemployment, if wages
were lower. In thi * view, pa/, hours and
unemployment are intertwined. In Mr. Krue-
ger’s view, though, there is not much correla-
tion between wages and employment The
Europeans' main problem, he says. is regula-
tions that prevent entrepreneurs from set-
ting up companies cn.<' ' - . md easily and.
ope rati

“There would be mo. « airing if there were
more employers," Mr. Krueger said. :

Whatever the back and forth, Americans,
the well-off and the low-wage, seem locked
into longer hours. With so many women in
the work force putting in long hours, that
puts tremendous pressure on family life. But
rather, than a rebellion, an adjustment of
sorts is apparently being made, at least for
higher-income people.

“We are seeing a lot more hidden flexibili-
ty cm the part of companies in response to
family needs," Mr. Kochan said. “People are
finding informal ways intake time off, or to
work from home, or at odd hours. There is a
lot more individual bargaining going on in
the professional and white-collar ranks.*’

Hated Callers

Answering the Phone as an Act of Revenge

By JOE SHARKEY

I T’S seven o'clock, and Nicole is on the phone de-
manding to know how you are this evening Of
course, Nicole doesn’t really care, so long as you are
breathing and willing to listen to her scripted pitch
for a home equity loan from some bank with a name that
sounds like a greeting-card imprint

Since your parents probably taught you to be civil to
strangers, you may he reluctant to insult Nicole and the
thousands of her colleagues toiling at low wages to
pound out phone-pitch pestilence morning and night
from boiler rooms across America. This disinclination
to be rude, which is especially marked among older
people, has helped boost unsolicited telemarketing sales
20 percent a year.

But a backlash against these annoying intrusions is
blazing in grassroots America.

“Telemarketing is simply sociopathic behavior,”
said Robert S. Bulmash, who heads a 2,000-member
consumer group. Private Citizen Inc., which opposes
abusive telemarketing and has taken on its newborn
love child: junk E-maiL

First, Get Off the list

Mr. Bulmash founded Private Citizen in Naperville,
UL, after successfully suing -a persistent telemarketer in
1986. The judge, grumbling that he himself had been
interrupted continually while trying to watch a football
game on television the previous night, awarded Mr.
Bulmash damages of 97 cents — the monthly cost of
having an unlisted phone number. Energized by the legal
victory, Mr. Bulmash said he set out to learn all: he could
about the techniques and the technology of the telemar-
keting industry, some of which he collected in a book, ‘ ‘So
You Want to Sue a Telemarketer.”

Lawsuits are usually inconvenient for those who
simply want to stop hucksters from invading their do-
mestic privacy. Mr. Bulmash and other anti-telemar-
keters ah recommend instructing an unwanted caller to
remove your name and number from the company’s
“call list," which they are required to do by law. Compli-

ance can be spotty, especially with local small business-
es. And it does not prevent the next telemarketer from
getting through.

The Direct Marketing Association, a Manhattan-
based trade group sensitive to public backlash, also
accepts requests to place a name and number cm its
widely distributed “do 'not call” list, which at least
reduces the number of unsolicited calls. (Send your name
and phone number to the Direct Marketing Association
Telephone Preference Service, P.O. Bax 9014, Farming-
dale, N.Y. 11735-9014.)

Then, Turn on the Tape Recorder

Getting on such a list “makes sense, but It isn’t much
fun,” noted Vince Nestico, a 25-year-old draftsman who
created a Web site, The Anti-Telemarketer Source
(wwwiezyuiet/*vnestico/t-marketJitml), after moving
to a new house in suburban Detroit and being bombarded
with telemarketing calls.

Mr. Nestico’s Web site declares. “It's time to fight
back!” and solicits contributions on bow to annoy tele-
marketers. They pour in daily, he said.

Mr. Nestico said he is compiling material for a
’ 'Telemarketer Torture Tape” that he plans to sen. It will
feature recorded announcements that can be played into
the phone. On one, a mellifluous male voice intones: “If
you want to press 1, press 1. If you want to press 2, go
ahead and press 2 ...” The voice continues on, growing

Yakety Yafc: Howto Talk Rack J ;

Some suggested comebacks to unsofet^'sEdesy "
cafe, cuffed Sbukas: ’•

. ■ "Rot; you h&yfr what kind of j: ':v\ V„‘

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higher in pitch until It explodes in hysterical laughter.

“Like most people, I truly hate telemarket calls,"
Mr. Nestico said, adding with irritation, “Do you know
that some of them, if you hang up, actually sell the
information that you were home at a certain time?”

Mr. Bulmash of Private Citizen has his own pet
peeve: a new technology called predictive dialing that
telemarketers use to stack up new calls like an airport
landing pattern while salespeople are stOl on previous
calls. If a salesperson can’t get to the new call within
several seconds of someone answering, the dialer simply
terminates it, noting in its data bank that the person was
home. This, he said, accounts for those perplexing hang-
up calls that seem more and more frequent.

There is also a self-help book, “Howto Get Rid of a
Telemarketer,” published last year by Bad Dog Press of
Roseville, Minn. Its “author,” Mrs. Millard (June) Amer-
ica, is the persona of a founder of Bad Dog Press, Tim
Nyberg. Mr. Nyberg invented the suburban matron for a
syndicated radio feature, "Helpful Hints for Happy

dlHatfarions by Tom Blown

Homemakers.”

Being well-bred but notxxly’s fool, June America
advocates polite but persuasive action-For example, she.
says, when the chimney sweep or rug cleaner calls,
“break into tears and sob, Ts this some kind of. a joke?
My house burned down last night We lost everything!’ ^

Another idea is to inform the caller that you. have,
just broken up with a lover and are terribly finely,
sobbing: “I’m so glad you called. Are you an Aries? You
sound like an Aries.” Or, she adds, you can abruptly asir
an unwanted caller, “What causes a hiccupT”. . . .

For the musically inclined, jftrs. America .suggests
learning some show tunes. “Anything by EtheL Merman
tends to be the most effective,” she declares^ -“but noihfeig
clears your phone line faster than your own renthtionof
Whitney Houston’s ‘I Will Always Love You.’/ - TV

If AH Else Farils, Sing

Mrs. America works with her own 7
telecommunications consultant” Bob
Equipment” Schuck. Mr. Schuck'& — _
suggestions are mare technical, 'Such as
touch-tone phone as an annoying- nftfeicaH
“Mary Had a Littk Lamb” is a favorite (65-4 .

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THEN. ORKT/MES^l/NDAy./UNEa^iP??

weekly Review

IE 3

Making America Safe for Electronic Commerce

ByJOHNM. BRODER

m rvr — . Washington

mJ 0 ^. ** taRR ago in America, the
chle * treats w personal privacy
were the snoopy neighbor and the
” party-^hw eavesdropper.
l ._ '^^ n caine J ’ Edgar Hoover and Richard
.'M; Nixon, using the Federal Bureau of Ld-
^igattoo and the Internal Revenue Serv-
ice todig up — and dish out — dirt cm private'
^citizens.;

- The cmiit card, the supermarket scanner
-ana the toll-free telephone number gave
private businesses new avenues to pry into
ayes and buying habits — where we shop
and what we buy, where we eat and what we
.wear. What was hidden in Queen Victoria's
day ts law bare before ’the all-knowing 800-
number order-takers of Victoria’s Secret
Still, all that looks pretty primitive com-

Advertisers, and
worse, can track your
travels oh the Web.
The Government is
looking into this.

pared to the threats to personal privacy
posed by the growth of the electronic mar-
ketplace ofthelntemeL
Today, it’s not. Ernestine the telephone
operator who is the threat. It’s "cookies"
and “spaml"

These technological tricks are making
millions of potential Internet consumers re-
luctant to journey into cyberspace — and
shop there — because of queasiness about
the privacy of their electronic communica-
tions and suspicion that their names will be
put to crass commercial uses.

And when ’ information about people’s
Web-browsing habits is combined with the
reams of personal data coursing through
cyberspace, from credit histories to bank-
ruptcy court records to real estate data, tee
potential for abuse multiplies.

That is what’s new — and scary — about
the Internet And unless and until these
concerns are addressed, experts say, mfl-

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lions of would-be Web browsers — and shop-
pers — will stay away, throttling a potential-
ly gigantic industry.

Most computer users resent receiving
"spam" — unsolicited E-mail advertise-
ments — and those who are aware of “cook-
ies" — electronic tags that record what
Internet sites a Web browser visits — either
want them blocked or want notice before
any record of their travels around the Inter-
net is compiled.

Under Surveillance

The Internet and the technology underly-
ing it give companies abilities they never had
before to learn intimate details about poten-
tial customers. And despite what Internet
merchants profess, there is a fundamental
difference between virtual shopping on the

Web and browsing in a store.

“If you belong to a frequent buyer elite at
the bookstore, they probably keeps a record
of the books you buy,” said Christine Varney,
a member of the Federal Trade Commission,
which held hearings this month on Internet
privacy concerns. “But no one follows you
around the store and keeps track of what you
looked at and how king you looked at it before
your bought.''

That's what the cookies on a computer’s
hard dr ive enable a Web site operator to do.

Don't want your employer to know teal
you took a surreptitious trip to the pornogra-
phy site “Genital Hospital” on your lunch
hour? Too bad. You probably left an electron-
ic cookie crumb on your hard drive.

Those records provide invaluable informa-
tion for marketers who can use them to
pinpoint customers for their products. By

We’ll Do It Ourselves

Companies from the Microsoft Corpora-
tion to the McGraw-Hill Companies sent
representatives to the F.T.C. hearings to
pledge their efforts to protect the confidenti-
ality of their customers’ transactions. Give
us a chance to regulate ourselves, they ar-

~V-.- rSf!**’

Network Farm Teams

The Logic of Losing at All-News TV

By MARK LANDLER

I F a television network starts a 24-hour
news channel and nobody watches,
does it exist?

That is a question Brian Williams
might ponder as be approaches his first
■ anniversary ' as the anchor of MSNBC’s
nightly news program. Last month,. an av-
erage of 27,000 television households tuned
in each night to Mr. Williams, whose hour-
long show airs at 9 PM on NBC's cable
news channel. With those ratings, Mr. Wil-
liams could get as many viewers if he
anchored tee local news in Zanesville, Ohio,
or Fairbanks, Alaska. ■

And Mr. Williams, the former White
House correspondent of NBC News, is one
of the higher-rated stars on MSNBC. All
told, the network gets a 24-hour Nielsen
rating of 0.1, which represents 24,000
homes. MSNBC’s rival, tee Fox News
runnel, draws just 10,000 homes. Even the
grand daddy of the nonstop news business.

Nonstop news is a
ratings flop. Hey, no
prob, say executives.

CNN, was watched in ■ ■■"*

274,000 homes last month — a 7 percent
rwline from the previous month.

Those numbers are puny i siack ^ a1 ^
side the almost 8

liams reached most nights on NBL «ew&
Cable news channels may teaubiquimus
feature of the Information Age, but that

mean people are actually bother

*£?£££** say the probtanfc
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doch's News “I^^-peopie said. ‘If I

a couple of years. I'm

the opportunity to your competitor,” said
Andrew Ehrenberg, a professor of market-
ing at South Bank University in London
who has written about television viewing
patterns.

MSNBC is a good example. After NBC
and Microsoft started the network last
year, ABC News opted not to launch its own
24-hour service. In the all-important New
York City market, NBC kept Fox off tee
dial by signing a deal first with the local
cable operator. Time Warner.

The marketing value of these Channels is
hard to calculate, but the networks are
milking them for every glimmer of publici-
ty. MSNBC relentlessly plugs both its on-
air stars, like Mr. Williams and Jane Pau-
ley, and its corporate connection to Micro-
soft NBC, in turn, plugs MSNBC when, for
example, it cuts to the junior network’s
studios for updates during “Nightly News”
broadcasts.

Such cross-fertilization helps the parent
network: Mr. Williams is getting a valu-
able dress rehearsal on MSNBC before his
expected elevation to Tom Brokaw’s perch
at NBC News. And the public is being
prepared for his ascension.

These

William Lflpa for The New Yak Times

Times Square pedestrians ignore MSNBC, and NBC doesn’t much care.

News. CNBC and CNN's
financial news channel, CNNfn. perform
muMple roles for their owners. They are
“rand extensions, premct’ottalvehicl^
farm teams for the mother network, lab-
oratories for high-tech news gathering
even .space holders or. an ever-
raiding^ television dial. In other words.

they exist partly to prevent the other guy
from occupying the slot with his network.

The closest analogy may be consumer
marketing: Procter & Gamble floods su-
permarket shelves with new, improved
versions of Tide to prevent Unilever from
filling the space with its own detergent.

“The driving force is not so much that
there is an opportunity, but that you deny

Status Symbols

News channels also have prestige value
because they can be used to create an aura
that their corporate owners run vast, state-
of-the-art news organizations. A bright red
electronic news ticker sets off Fax’s street-
level studios in midtown Manhattan, while
visitors to Tunes Square can gaze at silent
images from MSNBC and CNBC on a mam-
moth television screen.

Sure, many choose not to. But from a
financial perspective, MSNBCs Lilliputian
vieyrership is of scant concern to NBC or its
parent. General Electric The network gets
the channel on the cheap by reusing materi-
al from NBC News, thereby more than
halving the $250 million in, annual expenses
'MSNBC would otherwise incur. And Micro-
soft is kicking tn $200 miflian of its own over
five years. For Mr. Murdoch, who does not
have a broadcast news^division to plunder,
the Fox cable channel is a more costly
proposition.

For all the compensations, though, lousy
ratings still rankle. NBC and Fox are feud-'
ing these days over which news channel has
the smaller prime-time audience (in April,
MSNBC did; in May, it was Fox). And
Andrew Lack, the president of NBC News,
insists teat MSNBCs vlewership spiked
whenever there was dramatic news, like the
verdict in the O. J. Simpson dva trial
“I don't want to sound naive; we an want
audience,” Mr. Lack said.

“But what's difficult for some people to
understand is that you can have a pretty
decent business with a very small audi-
ence.’'

With personal data
already flying around
the Internet,
consumers add more
with each transaction.

following your Internet “clickstream,” they
can learn about your hobbies, your shopping
preferences, your medical condition, your
reading habits, your political predilections.

The White House and the F.T.C, which has
authority to police unfair trade practices —
including those conducted in cyberspace —
are exploring what new laws or regulations
will be needed to protect personal privacy
while fostering the growth of electronic com-
merce.

gued, before imposing some restrictive new

^vfinJniBit re gime

Gerald Cerasale of the Direct Marketing
Association, one of many who spoke on be-
naif of businesses involved in electronic com-
merce, said that while the technology is new,
privacy issues are no different from those
raised by doing business over tee telephone
or through newspaper want ads.

“The same principles apply to new media
as to old media,” Mr. Cerasale said. “Whaf s
new is the rapidity and the reduction in
expense.”

Jeny Berman of the Center for Democra-
cy and Technology, a civil liberties group in
Washington that focuses on Internet policy,
said that technology may be the answer to
the problems posed by technology.

A consortium of Internet companies is
working on a program for personal comput-
ers that would automatically tell Web site
operators what personal information the
user is willing to share. And such a device is
the only solution to a decentralized global
computer network that is beyond the reach
of any Govern nient to monitor or regulate,
Mr. Berman said.

“We have to develop mechanisms that
allow consumers to control information
about themselves, the content they lode at
and where they’re going mi the Net," he said.
“That's the privacy equation.’'

But Ms. Varney of the- F.T.C. and her
fellow commissioners are not yet convinced
of that

“Three things must exist for electronic
commerce to prosper," Ms. Varney said.
“Ease, ubiquity and trust Technology can
take care of the first two. But how can
consumers be sure that their transactions
are secure and private? How do they know
when they click on LL Bean that they’re
getting the company and not some impostor?

“The question we're grappling with,” she
added, “is whether Government has a role in
creating that trust’’

Now, the
Enemies
Need Each
Other

Continued From Page 1

by Congress, any of which could trip up the
deaL Here are some examples:

9The power of the Food and Drug Admin- '
istratian to regulate nicotine and other to-
bacco ingredients probably needs to be
broadened and clarified. The agreement
says the agency may order nicotine elimi-
nated from cigarettes after 12 years, but
must let Congress review such action. Some
anti-smoking groups will press for immedi-
ate reductions of nicotine levels, but tobacco
companies can fight back with the argu-
ment that such controls will lead to a black
market in full-nicotine cigarettes.

•JThe agreement assumes that Congress
will limit lawsuits and damage claims
against tobacco companies. Pending class-
action lawsuits will be. “legislatively set-
tled,” and “future class-action lawsuits
based on past conduct of the tobacco compa>-
nies will not be allowed.” The tobacco deal
could easily become, snarled up -in debate
over a separate bill to limit product-liability
lawsuits. Manufacturers and insurers have
been seeking such limits for nearly two
decades, but consumer groups and plain-
tiffs’ lawyers have resisted them.

^Federal law must be revised to require
tougher warnings on cigarette packs. The
tobacco companies’ position on this legisla-
tion will provide an early test of their alli-
ance with anti-smoking forces.

fA bill to curb smoking in public places
and in most workplaces is to be enacted into
law. The bin was written by Representative
Henry A Waxman, Democrat of California,
an ardent foe of tobacco. Cigarette compa-
nies want to exempt restaurants, casinos
and bars, as allowed under the agreement.
Anti-smoking forces will press for even
stricter local laws.

Some lawmakers want Congress to go
further. Senator Kennedy, for example, said
the Federal Government should receive
compensation for tobacco-related health
costs incurred under Medicare and Medic-
aid, fust as 40 states will recoup billions of
dollars to offset their Medicaid costs.

Likewise, Senator Ron Wyden, Democrat
of Oregon, said he would try to limit tobacco
companies’ access to lucrative foreign mar-
kets, so they could not “finance the settle-
ment by addicting millions of youngsters
overseas to tobacco products.” Tobacco
companies are sure to fight such restric-
tions.

There is still plenty to fight over.

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WEEKLY REVIEW

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, JUNE 22, 1997

THE JHIUSALEM POST

The World

In Principle, a Case

For More ‘Sweatshops’

By ALLEN R. MYERS ON

Cambridge , Mass.
■■I OR more than a century, accounts of sweatshops
have provoked outrage. From the works of
Charles Dickens and Lincoln Steffens to today's
■ television reports, the image of workers hunched
over their machines for meager rewards has been a
banner of reform.

Last year, companies like Nike and Wal-Mart and
celebrities like Kathie Lee Gifford struggled to defend
themselves after reports of the torturous hours and low
pay of the workers who produce their upscale footwear
or downmarket fashions. Anxious corporate spokesmen
sought to explain the plants as a step up for workers in
poor countries. A weeping Mrs. Gifford denied knowing
about the conditions.

Now some of the nation's leading economists, with
solid liberal and academic credentials, are offering a
much -broader, more principled rationale. Economists
like Jeffrey D. Sachs of Harvard and Paul Krugman of
the Massachusetts Institute of Technology say that low-
wage plants making clothing and shoes for foreign
markets are an essential first step toward modem
prosperity in developing countries.

Mr. Sachs, a leading adviser and shock therapist to
nations like Bolivia, Russia and Poland, Is now working
on the toughest cases of all, the economies of sub-
Saharan Africa. He is just back from Malawi, where
malaria afflicts almost all its 13 million people and AIDS
affects 1 in 10; the lake that provided much of the
country’s nourishment is fished out

When asked during a recent Harvard panel discus-
sion whether there were too many sweatshops in such
places, Mr. Sachs answered facetiously. "My concern is
not that there are too many sweatshops but that there
are too few," he said.

Mr. Sachs, who has visited low-wage factories
around the world, is opposed to child or prisoner labor
and other outright abuses. But many nations, he says,
have no better- hope than plants paying mere subsist-
ence wages. "Those are precisely the jobs that were the
steppingstone for Singapore. and Hong Kong," he said,
"and those are the jobs that have to come to Africa to
get them out of their backbreaking rural poverty.”

Rising Stakes

The stakes in the battle over sweatshops are high
and rising. Clinton Administration officials say com-
merce with the major developing nations like China,
Indonesia and Mexico is crucial for America's own
continued prosperity. Corporate America’s manufactur-
ing investments in developing nations more than tripled
in 15 years to $56 billion in 1995 — not including the vast
numbers of plants there that contract with American
-companies.

In matters of trade-and commerce, economists like
■Mr. Sachs, who has also worked with several Govern-
ment agencies, are influential. A consensus among econo-
mists helped persuade President Clinton, who had cam-
paigned against President Bush's plan of lowered restric-

tions, to ram global and North American trade pacts
through Congress.

Paradoxically, economists' support of sweatshops
represents a sort of optimism. Until the mid-1980's, few
thought that third world nations could graduate to first
world status in a lifetime, if ever. "When I went to
graduate 'school in the early to mid-1970's,” Mr. Krugman
said, "It looked like being a developed country was really
a closed club." Only Japan had made a* convincing jump
within the past century.

Those economists who believed that developing na-
tions could advance often prescribed self-reliance and
socialism, warning against foreign investment as a form
of imperialism. Advanced nations invested in the devel-
oping world largely to extract oil, coffee, bananas and
other resources but created few new jobs or industries.
Developing nations, trying to lessen their reliance on
manufactured imports, tried to bolster domestic indus-
tries for the home market But these protected business-
es were often inefficient and the local markets too small
to sustain them.

From Wigs to Cars

Then the Four Tigers — Hong Kong. Singapore,
Smith Korea and Taiwan — began to roar. They made
apparel, toys, shoes and, at least in South Korea’s case,
wigs and false teeth, mostly for export Within a genera-
tion, their national incomes climbed from about 10 per-
cent to 40 percent of American incomes. Singapore
welcomed foreign plant owners while South Korea
shunned them, building industrial conglomerates of its
own. But the first stage of development had one constant
"It’s always sweatshops,” Mr. Krugman said.

These same nations now export cars and computers,
and the economists have revised their views of sweat-
shops. "The overwhelming mainstream view among
economists is that the growth of this kind of employment
is tremendous good news for the world’s poor,” Mr.
Krugman said.

Unlike the corporate apologists, economists make no
attempt to prettify the sweatshop picture. Mr. Krugman,
who writes a column for Slate magazine called "The
Dismal Scientist," describes sweatshop owners as “soul-
less multinationals and rapacious local entrepreneurs,
whose only concern was to take advantage of the profit
opportunities offered by cheap labor." But even in a
nation as corrupt as Indonesia, he says, industrialization
has reduced the portion of malnourished children from
more than half in 1975 to a third today.

In judging the Issue of child labor also, Mr. Krugman
is a pragmatist asking what else is available. It often
isn't education. In India, for example, destitute parents
sometimes sell their children to Persian Gulf begging
syndicates whose bosses mutilate them for a higher take,
he says. "If that is the alternative, it is not so easy to say
that children should not be working in factories," Mr.
Krugman said

'Not that most economists argue for sweatshops at
home. The United States, they say, can afford to set much
higher labor standards than poor countries — though
Europe’s are so high, some say, that high unemployment
results.

Labor leaders and politicians who challenge sweat-
shops abroad say that they harm American workers as
well, stealing jobs and lowering wages — a point that
some economists dispute. "It is especially galling when
American workers lose jobs to places where workers are
really being exploited." said Mark Levinson, chief econo-
mist at the Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile
Employees, who argues for trade sanctions to -enforce
global labor rules.

Yet when corporations voluntarily cut their ties to
sweatshops, the victims can be the very same people
sweatshop opponents say they want to help. In Honduras,
where the legal working age is 14, girls toiled 75 hours a

week for the 31 -cent hourly minimum to make the Kathie
Lee Gifford clothing line for Wal-Mart When Wal-Mart
canceled its contract the girls lost their jobs and blamed
Mrs. Gifford.

No Jobs in Practice

Mr. KrugmajvbTames American. self-righteousness,
or guilt over Indonesian women and children sewing
sneakers at 60 cents -an hour- "A policy of good jobs in
principle, but no jobs in practice, might assuage our
consciences," he said, "but it is no favor to its alleged
beneficiaries."

War in Cambodia
Goes On (and On)

Continued From Page 1

an embittered United States, which
had dropped bombs ail over Indo-
china, denied Hanoi recognition and
investment dollars for nearly 20
years after the fall of Saigon.

American capital and develop-
ment — including roads that the
Vietnamese can only dream of —
rained on Thailand during the war.
United States troops and planes
found a home and a lot of good times.
Thais, until they belatedly concluded
that an American military presence
would not serve their regional inter-
ests, prospered by the arrangement.

Missed Opportunity

The Thai economy, however trou-
bled, now dominates Laos, which
America bombed to box' in the Viet-
namese, and where it armed anti-
. communist hill people. Many Hmong
were abandoned by their American
paymasters and left in refugee camps
in Thailand. Laos, always fragile, has
yet to recover from its role as ideo-
logical battleground.

But it is in Cambodia that the Viet-
nam War itself seems never to have
ended. Cambodia was everybody’s
opportunity. The Vietnamese used it
as a sanctuary for North Vietnamese
troops and Viet Cong while talking of
a federation of Indochinese states
(dragging in the hapless Lao) that
sounded very similar to what the
French had planned half a century
earlier. The communists in Beijing
and Hanoi courted Cambodia’s radi-
cal leftist movement, which Prince
Norodom Sihanouk had first called,
disdainfully, the Khmer Rouge. The
Khmer Rouge had, paradoxically,
picked up their communist education
in France. The Prince, who found
himself in opposition in. the. 1970's,
flirted with them enough to give Pol
Pot credence with many Cambodians
and served briefly and disastrously
as their figurehead when they took
power in 1975.

' By then the United States had wad-
ed clumsily into Cambodia to support
the anti-communist Lon Nol Govern-
ment that had overthrown Prince Si-
hanouk's original regime In March
1970. Secret American bombing raids
into Cambodian territory in violation
of Congressional restrictions, com-

pounded by an American-South Viet-
namese invasion, helped the Khmer
Rouge recruit new followers, al-
though many Cambodians say now
that the raids were probably not the
most critical factor in Pol Pot’s rise
to power, given the support he got
from the Vietnamese and China —
and from Norodom Sihanouk.

The tail of Phnom Penh .to the
Khmer Rouge in 1975, days ahead of
the fail of Saigon, did not end Ameri-
can, Chinese or. Vietnamese involve-
ment in Cambodia. The war soon
r went on by proxy, with a part of the
r Khmer Rouge movement drawing
closer to Vietnam as another faction
threatened Hanoi's interests. In De-
cember 1978, Vietnam invaded, set-
ting up a cooperative government the
next month under Hun Sen, a former
Khmer Rouge — who is today the
country’s Second Prime Minister.
China was furious and marched over
the border into Vietnam to teach the

American bombs
were not the only
factor in Pol Pot’s
rise to power.

Vietnamese a lesson. The Vietnamese
taught them instead.

When the defeated Khmer Rouge
fled toward the Thai frontier, they
were drawn into an unholy alliance
with the Cambodian royalists and a
small, more democratic and moder-
ate faction under Son Sann. China and
thq United States were among those
who gave the alliance diplomatic and
material support. Eager to rid Cam-
bodia of the Vietnamese, Beijing and
Washington, strongly supported by
other Southeast Asian nations ready
to seize economic opportunities in
Indochina, forced Hanoi’s withdrawal
and engineered a peace treaty that
put all factions back in play in Phnom
Penh in 1992.

Until recently, it appeared that the
Vietnam War had finally ended in
Cambodia. Last week, the Cambodi-
ans struck up the music, and a new
game of musical chairs began.

Too Little? Too Late?

The Foreign Aid Gamble in Africa

By RAYMOND BONNER

Kinshasa. Congo

I T was a high-powered team that President
Clinton sent to meet with the new Govern-
ment here: the United States representa-
tive to the United Nations, Bill Richardson;
an assistant secretary of State; an admiral; a
senior member of the National Security Coun-
cil; a senior spy, a member of Congress.

But “the center of attraction," as Mr. Rich-
ardson said in introducing the delegation to
Congolese officials, was the man from the Agen-
cy for International Development. Richard
McCalL "He has the money,’’ Mr. Richardson
said of Mr. McCall, third in command at the
agency that doles out American largesse.

AU the new Congolese President, Laurent
Kabila, has to do to get the money is become a
democrat and free-market capitalist. Re-
inforcing that message, Commerce and Treas-
ury officials were along, dangling financial
lures. The World Bank and the International
Monetary Fund were close behind.

"Bribery," some critics sneer, but diplomats
prefer to call offers of aid “carrots" — as
opposed to "sticks," the economic sanctions and
public condemnations of human rights abuses
that have been applied in Iran, Iraq, Libya,
Cuba and Burma. Whatever the label, why are
American taxpayers being asked to dump mil-
lions of dollars into Congo, the giant Central
African country that was so recently Zaire?

During the cold war, Washington opened the
vault to the good, the bad and the ugly, just to
keep them on America’s side. Zaire's former
President for life, Mobutu Sese Seko, was one
dictator who qualified. But these days it is hard
to find a geopolitical interest at stake in Congo.

Diplomats, Not Missionaries

It could be argued that Washington and the
West have a moral obligation, after catering to
Mr. Mobutu while he looted Zaire and drove its
populace into poverty. There are humanitarian
impulses, to save children from malnutrition, to
put books in schools and medicines in hospitals.
But as Henry Kissinger said, the conduct of
foreign policy is not missionary work.

There is, however, another reason for extend-
ing a hand to the leaders of Africa's third largest
country: the self-interest of avoiding another
international disaster. “If they fail, this country
will explode,” said Frederick Racke, the Dutch
ambassador here. “We will have another Yugo-
slavia^ cm a continental scale."

Such an apocalyptic view cannot be dismissed
out ofhand — Congo has some 200 ethnic groups,
and it borders nine other countries. But will
financial b$lp from the West save Congo from

becoming another Rwanda, where the horrors
ultimately impelled Washington to act?

Not in the view of the Cato Institute. "Foreign
aid "has not delivered self-sustaining economic
growth or prevented the collapse of numerous
poor societies into chaos over the past five
decades," said Doug Bandow, a senior fellow at
the research organization in Washington and
author of a report, “Help or Hindrance: Can
Foreign Aid Prevent International Crises?"

He cited $1.8 billion in aid to Sierra Leone, $3.1
billion to Haiti, $fL2 billion to Somalia — all of
which descended into civil disorder.

Aid advocates say it would be just as illogical
to look at the far longer list of aid recipients that
have not imploded and to conclude that aid was
the reason. Policymakers also argue that with-
out aid, Washington loses influence and leverage.
The argument has merit, but history suggests
both carrots and sticks are needed, and Washing-
ton has been reluctant to wield the latter.

A few years ago an outspoken American Am-
bassador, Smith Hempstone. publicly criticized
Kenya every time it shut down a newspaper or
jailed a dissident It was rare conduct for an
ambassador, not appreciated in Nairobi (or, for
that matter, in the State Department), but it
nudged Kenya’s president, Daniel Arap Mol,
closer to democracy than he wanted to go.

Diplomats say Mr. KabUawfll also have to be
prodded. There is nothing in his background tc
suggest that be will be a democrat, though some
men around him have democratic desires.

Responding to the lure of aid, Mr. Kabil*
assured Mr. Richardson that he would allow z
U.N. team to investigate whether his forces
murdered Hutu refugees, and that he would let .
relief workers reach the surviving refugees.

Assurances, of a Kind

But he conditioned the investigation on repiac
ing the U.N. team's head, refused to say whethei
anyone would be punished if massacres wen
proven and refused ask his - troops- to respec
relief workers. This brought criticism from those
workers and human rights groups, who wishec
that the United States bad been tougher.

The CUnton' Administration says chat .any- aic
will depend on Mr. Kabila achieving political ant
economic reforms. But Congo needs immediati .
help, to revive the country.-and to enable tix
Government to pay. civil ' servants and soldier:
before they resort to old .habits of dgmandnif
bribes and stealing. If the West acts too soon, Mr
Kabila may find it easy . to. ignore tile calls fen
reform. If the West: waits to.see what be will do; i
may be too late to heip him., , y ;

the Jerusalem post

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, JUNE 22, 1997

WEEKLY REVIEW

sr :r - &

r ,

A

I! >

.1 ^

The Heir is Clearly Apparent at Comcast Corp.

By GERALDINE FABRIKANT

BF^ALPH ROBERTS, the dapper
If 77-year-<dd founder of the
■ ^Comeast Corporation, loves
to follow the ups and downs of other
family businesses and try to figure
out what makes some thrive and
others implode. “There are the fam-
ilies that destroy each other as soon
as the father or mother dies,” Mr.
Roberts said. “They come in and
tear each other apart The Getrys or
that family in Texas/’ he continued,
referring to Harold Simmons, the
Texas investor who is at war with his
daughters. “They are all billionaires,
and they’re fighting like crazy over
another billion.”

Mr. Roberts has reason to track
the way famfly-nm companies pass
the baton from one generation to
next He has five children, aged 36 to
47. Only his fourth child, Brian, is at
Comcast, the nation’s fourth-largest
cable television operator with $4 bil-
lion in revenue last year. And by the
end of this year, the elder Mr. Rob-
erts will increase Brian's control
over the company’s special class of
8.8 million Shares that represent
nearly 82 percent of Comcast’s vote.
It is only natural for the world to
wonder: How will Brian's siblings
react to all this ?

The potential for conflict is obvi-
ous. The Roberts clan’s equity stake

in Comcast, based in Philadelphia, is
worth at least $470 minion without a
premium, and once die patriarch and
his wife pass from the scene, there is
no guarantee the heirs won’t hurl
themselves into a fierce battle for
the spoils.

But the elder Mr. Roberts has
probably come as close as any com-
pany founder can to setting the stage
for an orderly succession. His plan is
to turn over the votes to Brian but
make sure to divide the financial pie
fairly among all the offspring.
Though many aging entrepreneurs
resist relinq uishing power despite all
their promises to do so, Comcast has
begun notifying local cable commis-
sions of the pending rhangp of con-
trol, which Ralph Roberts said would
be no later than early next year.

And experts say the odds of a
successful transition are greater at
Comcast than at most family busi-
nesses. Mr. Roberts has by all ac-
counts done a s killf ul job of grooming
Brian to fill his shoes so that he is
both respected by his peers and sup-
ported by his siblings. While no one
doubts that the father still rst\\s a lot
of the shots, he has eased his son into
high-profile positions both at the bar-
gaining table and in the public eye. In
a family business, even the strongest
allegiances can crack under the
strain of a mismanaged transition at
the top, but people familiar with
Comcast say the younger Mr. Rob-
erts is proving his mettle.

‘ V - .*

% r. ■ . • ** v •

•A' 0 !. 0 S T 0 c k " A ?, K ? 7 5

WORLD INDEX

: :‘tatLS. .dollars.

Africa index ’

J>:. v J. ■ * a u j

Prepared by Goldman. Sachs & Co. using data derived from the Financial Times/Standard &
Poor's Actuaries World Indces, a measure of stock market performance. The FT Indices are
compiled jointly by The Financial Times Limited. Goldman, Sachs & Co. and Standard & Poor's, in
conjunction with the Institute of Actuaries and Faculty of Actuaries.

PERFORMANCE

Country

Australia

Austria

Belgium

Brazil

Britain

Canada

Denmark

Finland

France

Germany

Hong Kong

Indonesia

Ireland

Italy

Japan

Malaysia

Mexico

Netherlands

New Zealand

Norway

Philippines

Singapore

South Africa

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

Thailand

United States

Index

240.62

193.52

251.52

289.33
300.08
209.49

390.59
274.61

224.33

218.33

536.36
247.07
349.86

95.95

136.93

525.30

1,582.64

397.83

93.13

308.60
170.71
381.44
356.14

261.37

469.06

311.07
49.44

363.96

Week

%Chg.

2.6

- 0.3

- 1.2
• 1.1

- 2.6
- 1.6
0.9

- 0.4

- 1.4

1.4
8.8
1.9

- 1.0

4.5
0.1
0.8

4.3

2.3

2.6

- 0.5
1.7

- 1.1
- 1.3

1.5
0.5

3.6
- 11.1

0.7

COMPOSITE INDICES

Europe
Pacific Basin
Europe/Pacific

World

267.48

155.62

202.30

256.19

1 U.S. DOLLAR5

IN LOCAL CURR,

UUoaV

■iwa

YTD

YTD

Dividend

YTD

Rank % Cfig.

Rank

Yield

Index

% Chg.

6

8.4

15

3.61

213.03

14.6

18

1.9

23

1.91

174.15

14.6

23

10.5

13

3.22

221.75

24.3

12

52.5

1

1.27

574.01

58.2

27

6.0

19

3.76

268.98

9.6

26

10.4

14

1.85

211.03

12.0

13

11.0

12

1.44

350.40

24.1

19

11.8

10

1.84

299.05

25.9

25

4.S

21

2.76

205.69

17.8

11

14.9

8

1.44

196.60

29.2

1

5.8

20

2.83

533.16

5.9

8

8.3

16

1.62

368.39

11.4

21

a4

17

2.90

326.74

19.4

2

14.9

7

2.08

121.36

28.0

17

6.1

18

0.79

99.24

4.8

14

-12.9

26

1.34

508.76

-13.3

3

29.7

3

1.35

13,760.50

31.2

7

18.3

6

2^0

353.78

33.3

5

1.5

24

3.98

72.16

4.6

20

4.4

22

2.02

304.59

18.9

9

-16.2

27

0.83

224.42

-15.9

22

- 9.1

25

1.21

250.89

- 7.3

24

11.8

9

2.46

351.06

7.8

10

18.9

5

2-28

289.30

33.6

16

11.2

11.

1.92

537.54

26.0

4

30.4

2

1.20

277.88

39.9

28

-48.4

28

6.25

49.95

-47.6

15

20.6

4

1.69

363.96

20.6

11.6

2.60

247.87

21.2

4.7

1.25

113.90

4.0

8.5

1.99

164.45

13.1

14.3

1.84

226.54

16.7

' i- urtt nim Co Exchange rates as of Friday* tendon efo».

Go**™* CO. and Standard Speer’s.

[' ri R £ N '■

. Friday many

Exchange rate

■ 1.7*5 1 7386 t

IS £

us dollare ID me British pound 1-6559

a*,. aocnt&s ««*»•*■* «**>"!» *****

Last

lit— 1*
VVWMt

Year

Friday

Friday

'% Chg.

Ago

1 14.81

114.89

-0.06

109.15

1.7275

1.7386

-0.63

1.5345

1.3912

1.3807

+0.76

1.3645

1.6559

1.6363

+1.19

1.5355

That was evident earlier this
month when Brian Roberts and the
founder of Microsoft, Bill Gates,
struck a deal in which Microsoft
agreed to pay $1 billion for an 11.5
percent stake in Comcast. The deal
put the cable company on a far larg-
er corporate map. “We had 650 ana-
lysts on the conference call to dis-
cuss the deal," recalled Brian Rob-
erts. who handled the call for Com-
cast. “Usually we have about 200.”

Even as he is promoting his son.
the elder Mr. Roberts is looking after
the finanefal interests of his other
children. He never pressured any of
them to join the family company —
and none besides Brian showed any
interest in doing so. Today, Ralph Jr.
is a professor of psychology at the
University of Denver, and the other
three all live near their parents in
Philadelphia, where Lisa has a de-
sign business, Cathy is involved in
philanthropy and Douglas is an as-
sistant District Attorney.

And all of them are rich. The elder
Mr. Roberts has made sure chat each
of Brian’s siblings will retain an eco-
nomic stake in Comcast equal their
brother’s. The five children and their
parents jointly own the holding com-
pany that owns Comcast’s supervot-
ing shares. And to prevent his other
heirs from putting pressure on Brian
to sell Comcast — an issue that has
tom many families apart — Mr. Rob-
erts is struggling with a way to give
them nonvoting stock that they could
cash in without disturbing their
brother’s grip on the company.

“The children — the family —
have continual discussions,” he said
during an interview in which he was
joined by Brian, dressed like his fa-
ther in a gray suit, black loafers, a
white button-down shirt and red
print tie.

A few weeks ago. the five Roberts
children — leaving behind both
mates and children — spent a day
with their parents for freewheeling
talks on everything from personal
concerns to financial matters.

Family-business experts say the
family is something of an anomaly in
devising a smooth transfer between
generations. “This is a relatively un-
usual situation,” said Leon Danco,
president of the Center for Family
Studies. “The father is open. Many
entrepreneurs are very secretive. It
is a sign of a man who has given
considerable thought to the future
and has spoken to his other children.
What is more common is that this
kind of agreement does not happen.
To make it work, you have to have
motivated, competent successors as
well as accommodating heirs. If a
family has to go to law court to
determine what is fair, the issue is
what’s the law, not what is fair."

F T helps, of course, that only one of
the children desperately wanted
to follow in Dad’s footsteps. “I
think we have known that Brian
would take over the company since
he was about 8 years old,” said Ju-
lian Brodsky, Comcast's vice chair-
man and Mr. Roberts’s alter ego for
the last 34 years.

When Brian was 8, Comcast was a
fledgling cable operator that Ralph
Roberts had founded after jumping
in and out of a handful of other
businesses. His main goal at the time
was to make a lot of money. He had
been born into an affluent home, the
son of die owner of a small drugstore
chain in Westchester County, N.Y.
For a time, the family even had a
chauffeur. But during the Depres-
sion, Mr. Roberts recalled, "my fa-
ther died, and we lost all our money.
People who never had a financial
problem in their lives can never un-
derstand what terror there is in
that”

He credits his mother for pulling
the family through hard times. “She
bad a lot of friends, and she decided
to go into the insurance business, and
everybody she knew bought a policy
from her the first year to keep us
going,” be said. “We moved into an
apartment with my aunt in Philadel-
phia. I went to the University of
Pennsylvania. I lived at home.” To
support himself at college, he took on
a variety of odd jobs, including sell-
ing milk.

Once Mr. Roberts began building
Comcast, Brian, alone of his brood,
frequented the company premises.
Luckily, the youngster had business

Tim Shafler for the New York Times

Comcast chairman Ralph Roberts and son Brian, who will succeed him.

smarts as well as enthusiasm. If he
hadn't, his father confesses. “I prob-
ably would have sold the company."

That would have been a wrenching
decision, as it almost invariably is
for the founder of a company. "There
is something about wanting to pass
things on,” he said. "It is the same
thing as giving birth — or having
another generation. But if Brian
were not up to it, he would not have
stood a chance because you can’t
sacrifice all the people in the place
for a poor manager.”

Or an arrogant one. "The most
dangerous thing is a son or daughter
coming into a business where they
think they get special treatment,”
Mr. Roberts said. “They drag the
business down because it kills the
morale of everybody in the compa-
ny."

After Brian received an under-
graduate business degree from the
Wharton School of 'the University of
Pennsylvania in 7981, Ralph Roberts
tried to steer him to another compa-
ny, where he would have to fight his
own battles. But the son wanted to
stay in the family business, so Mr.
Roberts started him off in the trench-
es, stringing cable in New Kensing-
ton, Pa. “We were lucky because the
cable business was growing and
growing, ” Mr. Roberts recalled.
There was plenty of room to give the
son a shot.

But as Brian Roberts worked his
way up the ladder, the halcyon 1980’s
came to an end. The 1990’s have been
far tougher, as regulation and skepti-
cism about che industry's future in
the face of rival technologies hurt
cable stocks. Like many other cable
companies, Comcast peaked in late
1993, at $28.17 a share. It bottomed
out at $16,375 last March and has
recovered slightly, closing at $21,375
on Friday on Nasdaq.

A LL along, however, Mr. Roberts
i has drawn his son closer to
1 the center of action inside
Comcast and pushed him into the
spotlight outside the company. “1
thought if he was so young, you really
have to be helped to be promoted to
make it appear that you really are
your own person," the elder Mr. Rob-
erts recalled. “Every chance I get I
step back and say, ‘Here is Brian.’ I
didn’t want it to appear that he was
just his father’s son."

For example, it was Brian Roberts
who was on the board of Turner
Broadcasting before Time Warner
bought it in 1996, and it was Brian
who was president of the National
Cable Television Association’s board
in 1995.

Promoting an heir apparent may
have been easier for the elder Mr.
Roberts than for other entrepre-
neurs. Investors who know him say
he always prefers to remain in the
background and let others like

Mr. Brodsky, the vice chairman, take
the limelight "1 used to talk to Julian
all the time," recalled Gordon Craw-
ford, a senior vice president at the
Capital Group, whose funds hold 8.1
percent of Comcast’s class A stock.
"I would see Ralph about once a
year.”

Brian Roberts, on the other hand,
seems to relish his public role. "He
gives more speeches than anyone
who is asked,” said one media execu-
tive, who spoke on condition of ano-
nymity. “But if it were not for self-
promotion, how would a guy like Bill
Gates take him seriously?”

Brian Roberts came to know Mr.
Gates when a contingent of Comcast
executives visited Microsoft on a
fact-finding tour several years ago.
They have met at the investment
bank Allen & Company's annual Sun
Valley Conference for media heavy-
weights, and they got together last
summer when Mr. Gates came to
speak at a United Way fund-raising
event in Philadelphia.

The recent deal was begun when
the executive committee of Cable-
Jabs, the cable Industry’s research
and development arm that included
Brian Roberts and John Malone,
chairman of Tele-Communications
Inc., the country's largest cable oper-
ator. visited Microsoft in late April

Mr. Gates told the group he be-
lieved the cable industry had been
slow to upgrade its systems. Brian
Roberts countered that other compa-
nies. including Comcast, were ag-
gressively upgrading. Later, the two
men found themselves in the same
restaurant, and Mr. Roberts suggest-
ed that Microsoft consider investing
in cable. Mr. Gates was warm to the
idea A result was Microsoft's $1
billion investment in Comcast.

As Gregory B. Maffei, Microsoft’s
treasurer, sees it, the younger Mr.
Roberts is no pawn of his father. On
the contrary, he says, “Brian takes
the lead and is the one forging ahead
and trying to figure out where they
are going,” Mr. Maffei said. "Brian
is the more active participant.”

And Peter Barton, the former
president of Liberty Media recalled
that Brian Roberts played the key
role in a complicated deal with Lib-
erty involving the purchase of Time
Warner’s stake in E Entertainment,
a cable-service company, for $321
million. Brian brought in the Walt
Disney Company to put up most of
the funds for the acquisition, even
though Comcast management
gained effective control of E Enter-
tainment.

“ Deals like Microsoft and QVC
would not have happened without
Brian,” said Steven Rattner, deputy
chief executive of Lazard Freres &
Company, who has worked with the
family for about a decade. "Ralph
and Julian have been intimately in-
volved, but Ralph doesn't sit there

until 4 AM. in the lawyers’ offices
anymore. Now Brian typically takes
Uie lead.”

To be sure, he adds, "At an impor-
tant fork in the road, Brian will go off
to his father” to get the older man’s
stamp of approval

The company is clearly p lanning
for the day that Ralph Roberts will
no longer be running the show. Over
the last five years, it has brought in a
younger team of senior executives to
work with Brian, including the exec-
utive vice president, Larry Smith,
49 ; the senior treasurer, John Alehin,
49, and the president of the cable
division, Tom Baxter, 50.

The son, meanwhile, rem ains an
understudy of the father — and the
father is impressing upon the son the
need to play hardball when the occa-
sion demands it.

In 1994, for example, Ralph Rob-
erts scuttled a bid by Barry Diller,
then the chairman of QVC, the home-
shopping cable channel, to acquire
CBS. The deal would have relegated
Comcast, the biggest QVC sharehold-
er, to be a minor, and passive, invest-
or in CBS, and the elder Mr. Roberts
wanted no part of that. So he matte
his own bid for QVC, with TCI as a
partner, effectively killing the CBS
deal.

The memory of the fiasco still ran-
kles Mr. Diller. "Ralph is tough,” he
says ruefully. "Under that bow tie
and courtly manner beats the heart
of one tough man. He is steeL”

Ralph Roberts acknowledges that
he was the heavy. “I was probably
the one to pull the curtain,” he said.
“Barry Is very charismatic and hyp-
notic, but we were not going to lose
our business and become a nonvoting
stockholder of CBS to provide Barry
with an entree to CBS.” Then, chuck-
ling, he added, “It was probably a
very good lesson for Brian — no
question about it.”

The son got the point His father’s
greatest skill he said, "is the ability
to make the hard decision at the
crucial moment”

Once the elder Mr. Roberts is out
of the picture at Comcast, Wall
Street will be watching closely to see
whether the son can be as tough and
decisive as his father. It is a skill that
Brian Roberts knows he has yet to
prove and that is rare among the
sons of powerful men, who are often
overwhelmed by their fathers.

"It has been wonderful to share
those tense, moments with your fa-
ther,” Brian Roberts said, “and
hopefully, it has prepared me for the
future.”

Brian Roberts acknowledges that
decision making, what he calls "pull-
ing the trigger," is something you
learn. “Hopefully, I have had more
experience than most people," he
said, "but you never know."

At least Comcast has the financial
flexibility to make the transition
work. Like many media entrepre-
neurs, Ralph Roberts created sev-
eral classes of stock, enabling him to
issue equity without losing control In
1963, the year he founded the compa-
ny, be created Comcast class B
shares, of which there are 8JJ million,
each with 15 votes. The company also
has 33 million shares of common
stock with one vote each and 284
million K shares with no votes. The
family holding company owns all the
supervoting shares, as well as 1.8
million of the class A shares and 5.3
milli on of the nonvoting shares. In
addition, Ralph Roberts personally
owns another 52 million nonvoting
shares, as well as 319,00 class A
shares.

Just as important, family-business .
experts say the apparent harmony
within the Roberts family bodes well
for the chances of a smooth transi-
tion. Mr. Roberts has been married
to his wife, Suzanne, for 54 years.
And the other children, who declined
to be interviewed, are said to be
knowledgeable about the plan and
favorable to it

“All this would never have hap-
pened in the arms of a second wife,”
according to Mr. Danco. "When
some guy decides that he is so impor-
tant that he dismisses Mama for
some 35-year-old trophy, then I don’t
know what is fair. There are too
many other combatants, and it be-
comes another deal. This has a pret-
ty good chance of working. It is the
mother who will make it work.”

■ n i • , . — . - rt-trtl TT'i. t t * Scdrces- Bank Rate Monitor: Bloomberg Financial Markets: The Bond Buyer; Datastream;

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WEEKLY REVIEW

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, JUNE 22, 1997

THEJERUSALfM POST

Sljc iN'eUr jjork Simcs

Founded ui 1861

ADOLPH S. OCHS. Publisher 1896-1935
ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER. Publisher Iff 35 1961
ORVIL E. DRYFOOS. Publisher 1961-1963
ARTHUR OCHS SULZBERGER. Publisher 1963-1992

ARTHUR OCHS SULZBERGER JR.. Publisher

•

JOSEPH LELYVELD. Executive Editor
GENE ROBERTS. Managing Editor

Assistant Managing Editors
SOMA GOLDEN BEHR CAROLYN LEE

GERALD U BOYD JACK ROSENTHAL

DAVID R. JONES ALLAN M. SIEGAL

•

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PHILIP M. BOPFEY. Deputy Editorial Page Editor

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WILLIAM L POLLAK. Executive VP, Circulation
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Don’t View Vietnam Through a Political Prism

No Hot Air on Global Warming

Five years ago, more than 100 world leaders
came together for the first international Earth
Summit in Rio de Janeiro, leaving a diaphanous
trail of promises to clean die earth’s atmosphere,
save its rain forests and otherwise collaborate on
common environmental challenges. Many of these
leaders or their successors will convene at the
United Nations this week to review their work.
There is little to celebrate. The oc eans are as
polluted as ever, and deforestation proceeds at a
■ ruinous pace. Perhaps the most conspicuous failure,
however, involves the hugely contentious subject of
global warming.

President Clinton cannot avoid addressing that
issue when he speaks on Thursday. With only 4
percent of the world’s population, the United States
produces more than a fifth of the “greenhouse
gases" like carbon dioxide that are contributing to a
gradual and potentially disruptive warming of the
earth’s surface. Moreover, the United States has
fallen well short of its Rio pledge to s tabilize green-
house emissions at 1990 levels by the year 2000. Only
two of the industrialized nations that joined in that
pledge, Germany and Britain, are expected to meet
their targets. The United States will exceed it by 13
percent or more.

The Administration has already conceded that
the voluntary approach endorsed in Rio is not
working and that it will accept “binding,” enforce-
able targets on greenhouse emissions if other indus-
trialized nations go along. Mr. Clinton does not have
to go much beyond that 4n his speech. A global
treaty will not be signed until a final meeting in
Kyoto, Japan, in December. But he has to sketch the
outlines of a credible and economically feasible plan
aimed at the earliest possible reductions. He must
also send a strong signal that if there is a final
agreement in Kyoto, he and his Vice President, A1
Gore, will work hard to get it through Congress. Any
serious plan to reduce greenhouse gases will carry
political, risks because it will not be cost-free. Mr.
Clinton’s audience will want to know whether he and
Mr. Gore are up to the challenge.

The President has one important thing going
for him. There is a far broader scientific consensus
on global warming than there was in Rio five years
ago and there are many more creative ideas about
how to address it Here is where the issue stands.

The Science. One reason why the industrialized
nations opted for voluntary targets in Rio was that
mainstream scientists simply could not agree
whether man-made emissions had contributed to
the small rise in global temperatures that began
late in the 19th century. In 1995. however, the U.N.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, con-
sisting of about 2,500 scientists, concluded that they
had. Their language was cautious, their forecasts
were gloomy.

Unless the current rates of combustion of car-
bon-based fuels — coal, gas, oil — could be reduced,
they warned, temperatures would rise between 1.8

and 6.3 degrees Fahrenheit over the next century.
Temperature changes in the middle level* of that
scale could cause a 20-inch rise in sea levels that
would flood coastal lowlands and tropical islands,
an increase in weather extremes, and global dam-
age to forests and croplands. Despite challenges
from businesses, which have been attacking the
science in tobacco-industry fashion, the U.N. panel
has not retreated from its basic findings.

Remedies and Costs. About one-third of the
atmosphere’s greenhouse gases is produced by elec-
tric power plants, one-third by cars and trucks and
one-third by other commercial enterprises and ordi-
nary households. Reducing these gases not only
means using less energy. It will also require expen-
sive investments in cleaner fuels, cleaner cars and
new technologies.

Some industrial spokesmen have said that this
is a recipe for national bankruptcy. Earlier this
year, however, about 2,000 economists signed a
statement asserting that the benefits of action on
climate change outweighed the costs and that a
well-tailored play relying totally on market mecha-
nisms could actually improve productivity. A study
by the World Resources Institute reached the same
conclusion. Both the economists and the study sug-
gested that one mechanism could be a carbon tax
that would make coal and petroleum fuels more
costly and discourage consumption. The revenue
from the tax would then be recycled into the econ-
omy in the form of lower payroll and corporate
taxes, thus encouraging new investment.

Since a carbon tax is unlikely to fly in Congress,
both the economists and the study suggested a more
politically palatable option that the Administration
has generally embraced — an international emis-
sions-trading scheme that would set a global ceiling
on emissions and give each country a national
ceiling. The idea behind this scheme is that rich
nations who cannot keep within their limits without
crippling financial investments Will ' be able- to
“buy” pollution permits from poorer countries
whose economies are so inefficient that even the
tiniest adjustments can achieve big reductions in
greenhouse emissions.

This mechanism is not without flaws, and it
remains to be seen whether everyone can agree on
such a complicated scheme before Kyoto. But in the
long run Mr. Clinton’s greatest problem may to be
to convince Congress, which must ratify whatever
emerges from Kyoto, to take the issue of global
wanning as seriously as the scientists do. That
means taking it seriously himself and getting his
Vice President, who has been silent on the issue of
late, to speak out It was Mr. Gore, after all, who
asserted in “Earth in the Balance” that global
warming “threatens to destroy the climate equilib-
rium we have known for the entire history of the
human race. ... The longer we wait, the more
unpleasant our choices become."

Prying Open Family Court

“The Family Court is open to the public.” That
is the first sentence in Chief Judge Judith Kaye’s
new rules for New York State’s Family Court It
may not sound radical — after all, courtrooms are
supposed to be open. But it represents a big step
forward in the effort to shed light on this traditional-
ly dark corner of the state’s justice system.

The Family Court handles some of the court
system’s most wrenching and controversial cases,
ranging from child abuse and custody disputes in
messy divorces to domestic violence and violent
crimes committed by juveniles. For decades it has
been allowed to operate as a closed institution,
keeping the press and public outside except in rare
cases. Judges have used vague and generalized
concerns about the privacy of litigants to shield
their decisions, and the performance of the agencies
who regularly appear before them, from public
scrutiny and possible criticism. Even the court
waiting rooms and hallways have been off r limits.

The brief set of rules announced by Judge Kaye
last week are the latest in a series of initiatives to
improve the accessibility, accountability and effec-

Early Bird

When the early bird sings at 4 A.M., the only
other sound is the dogs running out their dreams at
the foot of the bed. Somewhere on the Atlantic the
sun is already rising, but in the Berkshires the sky
at that hour is no brighter than tarnished silver, a
superior dullness in the eastern windows. The early
bin! is extremely early, and it seems to have
perched on the bedside lamp, so piercing is its call.
In the phonetic language birders use to represent
birdsong, the'early bird says: “Why don’t — you get
— up? Why don’t — you get — up?” But at 4 A.M. it
is all too easy to drift back to sleep. Soon the early
bird seems to be saying, in dreamlike fashion:
“Guess what — you've just — won! Guess what —
you’ve just — won!” It is worth putting on some
clothes and going to find out.

It is 44 degrees outside. The grass is wet with
dew. Breath hangs in the air almost as quietly as
Jupiter in the southern sky. The early bird, a nesting
robin by the sound of it, is stationed in the boughs of
a pine across the road. The clarity of the robin’s call
is a measure of the silence. It will be a windy day.

tiveness of the Family Court. In April, Judge Kaye
unveiled a plan to begin evening sessions of the
court and to open satellite offices to make it easier
and more convenient to obtain a court order of
protection. Special drug treatment courts are to be
created to better address the substance abuse prob-
lems often involved in cases of child abuse or
neglect.

The goal here is change the court’s traditional
culture of secrecy and get it to pay attention to the
presumption in existing law that hearings and other
proceedings ought to be open. When the rules be-
come effective on Sept. 2, judges will still have
discretionary authority to decide when to limit
public access and to consider privacy concerns and
the potential harm that public exposure may visit
on children and troubled families.

But they must now make these decisions on a
case-by-case basis and state their reasons publicly.
This means they will have to think harder before
shutting out the public and press. The net result will
be to provide more access to an important civic
institution.

the trees full of their own noises by afternoon, but
for now their stillness enlarges the scale on which
this solo bird performs. When the robin pauses for a
moment, it is possible to hear everything in the
world, because there is almost nothing to hear.

Winter mornings hinge on just a change in light
without much change in sound. But a summer
morning when die sky first glows is a cathedral of
anticipation. Hie choirs that Shakespeare had in
mind are neither bare nor ruined, only silent, until
one by one, and then all in a rush, the birds fill in. It ,
was never quite so clear before this morning’s walk
that song is an attribute of light The birds under-
stand it perfectly. A finch begins to call in a lazy,
staccato pulse, the rhythm of an inexpert seam-
stress on an old-fashioned Singer. A cardinal starts
to spear the air with his voice. Down at the foot of
the grape arbor, a cowbird suddenly fizzes and pops.
The canopy of trees is answered by the understory,
and the tall grasses in the eastern field fill with
birdsong too. One by one, the birds add depth to the
horizon, until at last there is room for the sun to rise.

j To the Editor:

Michael Lind’s June 19 Op-Ed arti-
! cle on Vietnam and its lessons con-
1 tains the ail-too-typicai flaw of at-
tempting to view a complex episode
of history in simple bipolar catego-
ries of liberal versus conservative.

Those of us who protested that war
more than 30 years ago knew even
then that this simplistic approach to
the principles of foreign policy was
wrong

While Mr. Lind is correct that for-
eign policy must always remain in
the hands of the Government and not
the military, he fails to articulate the
interests or values that should guide
that policy.

Would there have been a Vietnam
War if this country had supported the
principle of self-determination, first
in 1945 and then in 1956 when Ho Chi
Minh was poised to become the presi-
dent of a unified and maybe even a
Socialist Vietnam? Has this country
still not learned the place that self-
determination has in the evolution of
nations?

Mr. Lind’s liberal and conserva-
tive boxes may be convenient catego-
ries, but are useless guides to
the lessons for future policy that
must stand on principle and not the
rougb-cut pragmatism that such
simplistic approaches inevitably
produce. Victor M. Goode

New York, June 19, 1997

Communism Thwarted

To the Editor:

Michael Lind's retrospective,
“Back to Vietnam, and Its Myths”
(Op-Ed, June 19), like other recent
analyses, fails to cite one important
issue.

In the overall scheme of the
cold war. the Vietnam War was a
substantial factor in the fall of world-
wide Communism. Communist ex-
pansion in Southeast Asia was
thwarted.

President Richard Nixon was able
to widen the split between China and
the Soviet Union, a ploy that did
much to reduce the threat of Com-
munist hegemony in both Eastern
Europe and Asia.

In the scheme of things, those
Americans who died in Vietnam con-
tributed to the demise of the Soviet
Union. H. Michael Sarkisian
S acramento, Calif . June 19, 1997

Hanoi Changed Course

To the Editor:

It is worth recalling in connection
with Michael Lind’s “Back to Viet-
nam, and Its Myths” (Op-Ed. June
19), that a beginning had been made
in 1962, based on the successful Brit-
ish experience in Malaya, with a

program ("strategic hamlets”) to
separate the Vietcong from their
sources of supplies and recruits. The
costly alternative strategy chosen by
Gen. William C. Westmoreland was
forced by the changed circum-
stances of 1965.

Hanoi, faced with the choice of
* abandoning its campaign to unify
Vietnam under Communist rule or
switching from guerrilla war to con-
ventional war, chose the latter, in the
1968 Tet offensive. Hanoi sacrificed
the National Liberation Front mili-
tary forces. The "overwhelming ad-
vantage” Mr. Lind says the United
States enjoyed in conventional

Rob Shepperson

war, however, had largely disap-
peared by the time of the hard-fought
offensive of 1972, and was nonexist-
ent at the time of the 1975 sweep tu
victory.

The irony is that Hanoi’s post-1965
strategy went against every doctrine
of guerrilla war, including the
North Vietnamese strategist Gen. Vo
Nguyen Giap’s “people’s war.”
North Vietnam's Prime Minister,
Pham Van Dong, himself had reject-
ed the ides oi annexing the South by
mi inary conquest when he toid
Harrison Salisbury, on Jan 2. i%7.

that it would be “stupid, criminal.”

Clearly, the search for “the real
lesson of Vietnam” is far from end-
ed. Arthur J. Dommen

Bethesda, Md., June 19, 1997
The writer is a former foreign corre-
spondent in Vietnam.

m

Hearts, Minds and Wills

To the Editor:

Rather than debunk myths, Mi-
chael Lind’s superficial analysis of
what went wrong in the Vietnam War
(Op-Ed, June 19) overlooks the real
reason the United States- lost the
war: the will of the Vietnamese peo-
ple, who perceived the United States
as yet another foreign invader.

Mr. Lind suggests that the war
might have been “won” if the United
States had followed Ambassador
Henry Cabot Lodge's “long war with
low casualty” approach instead of
Gen. William C. Westmoreland's
"arsenal of Armageddon” tactic.

No matter how the United States
had conducted the war, it could never
have won the hearts and minds of the
people — especially while propping
up a series of corrupt, ineffectual
Vietnamese "leaders.” The lesson of
the American experience in Vietnam
is not that the United States must
learn how to "wage limited wars
effectively," but that it must have
the knowledge and wisdom to know
when it is wrong to conduct any war
at alL Thomas R. Miller

Oakland, Calif.. June 19, 1997
•

U.s. Army Was a Mess

To the Editor:

Michael Lind is wrong in saying
that the United States would have
had an "overwhelming advantage”
in a conventional war in Vietnam
(Op-Ed, June 19).

By the late 1960’s the United States
military was in disintegration, it was
a conscript Army ot those who could
not get into college or the National
Guard. Drug abuse and racial dis-
cord were rampant Lower-grade of-
ficers (myself included) were leav-
ing in droves. The upper echelons of
command had no concept of what the
Army had become. To become en-
gaged in a protracted land war in
North Vietnam would have been a
disaster. Leonard Schwartz

Latayetie Hilt, Pa.. June 20, 1997

Big-Town America Too Rich for Medicare, O.K. for Rent Control

To the Editor:

1 shall forever keep in my wallet a
clipping of “Guess What City Looks
Like America" (Week in Review.
June 15)! ready to show inhabitants
of my small hometown in Oregon
when I visiL They want to know why
I have forsaken ray roots there and
chosen the den of alienation that they
perceive New York to be.

Their town is gutted; gone are the
hardware stores, bakeries, diners,
grocery stores and pharmacies. They
need to drive miles to strip malls.
They cannot remember an era when
you could have your shoes spit-shined
on the sidewalk, or tip your hat to
virtually every person on the street
They are forever insulated within
their cars. Roman Scott

Brooklyn. June 17, 1997

Deaf Ears in Ireland

To the Editor:

Your call for an end to the use of
plastic bullets in Northern Ireland
(editorial, June 18) is welcome.
Their use has been condemned by
the European Parliament, Physi-
cians for Social Responsibility and
other groups. The victims of these
deadly bullets include not only the 16
killed but also the dozens who have
been maimed.

However, your call for Britain to
turn a deaf ear to Sinn Fein after the
deaths of two Protestant police offi-
cers undermines the peace process
Five Roman Catholics were killed in
the past year, but no such appeal was
made to end talks with Protestant
groups. Andy Somers

President

Irish- American Unity Conference
Washington, June 19, 1997

To the Editor:

I am confused! The Senate Fi-
nance Committee has approved an
increase in the Medicare deductible
of the elderly with incomes above
$50,000 (fronrpage. June 19).

My befuddlement arises from the
use of the term “affluent" to describe
these people, while last week I was
regaled with arguments and editorials
stating the necessity of protecting
“middle-class” people with incomes
of $175,000 from rent destabilization.

To whom can 1 turn to learn why a
young person with an inherited
apartment in Manhattan and an in-
come of $175,000 is needy but an
elderly person with high medical ex-
penses and a $50,000 income is well
off? Norman Shiren

Ossining. N.Y., June 19. 1997
•

Subsidizing the Senate

To the Editor:

When senators get sick, they have
the privilege of seeing physicians at
Walter Reed Army Medical Center
at no cost, so they are not affected
personally by the proposed in-
creased Medicare deductible pay-

ments by elderly citizens who earn
more than $50,000 a year (front page,
Jvrne 19).

if. lawmakers were treated the
same as ordinary citizens, perhaps
they would not be in favor of such
sweeping changes to the Medicare
system. David M. Bachman

Washington, June 19, 1997

New Education Czars?

To the Editor:

Newt Gingrich and Ward Connerly
(“Face the Failure of Racial Prefer-
ences,” Op-Ed, June 15) ridicule the
District of Columbia school system.
Since Congress ultimately controls
the District's budget, j propose that
it seize control of its schools and
make Mr. Gingrich and Mr. Connerly
the education czars. Let's see what
these great educators can do.

Within two years they will be calling
for the programs they have been
wanting to slash: welfare. Medicaid,
school aid and perhaps even midnight
basketball l. Milton Karabell
P hiladelphia, June 16, 1997

Three-Fifths Clause Didn’t Define Humanness

To the Editor:

Russell Baker's June 17 column
promulgates a popular misconception
regarding the three-fifths clause aris-
ing out of the Constitutional Conven-
tion of 1787 in Philadelphia, where the
United States Constitution was de-
signed. The central issue at that time
was not the defining of a percentage
of “humanness” in slaves but rather
the apportionment of power between
the North and the South in die House

College Entry Shouldn’t Depend on Test Scores

To the Editor:

You may be surprised to learn that
the president of the world’s largest
educational testing organization
agrees with President Clinton’s as-
sertion, in his June 14 commence-
ment address at the University of
California, that we must not use col-
lege admission test scores as the sole -
yardstick of individual merit (front
page. June 15). He expressed his
concern that reactions to affirmative
action programs could lead to an
overreliance on standardized college
admissions test scores.

There are those who insist that test
scores can be used alone as a color-
blind way to rank people from “most
qualified" to “least qualified." That is
a misrepresentation of what tests can
and cannot do. Individuals differ in
their performance on various meas-

The Times welcomes letters from
readers. Letters must include the writ-
er’s name, address and telephone
number. Those selected may be short-
ened for space reasons. Fax letters to
(212) 556-3622 or send by electronic
mail to letters@nytimes.com. or by
regular moil to Letters to the Editor,
The New York Times, 229 West 43d
Street, New York. N.Y. 10036-3959.

ures of qualification ; no single meas-
ure can stand alone.

Standardized tests can be made
fair, but they provide information
limited to particular skills and sub-
ject matter. The diversity of talent
chat colleges should be looking for is
too great to let a few narrow meas-
ures carry the weight of such deci-
sions. Nancy S. Cole

Pres., Educational Testing Service
Princeton, N.J., June 18, 1997

The New Yort Times
Company

229 West 43d St_ N.Y. 10036-3959

■

ARTHUR OCHS SULZBERGER. Chairman
Chief Executive Officer
RUSSELL T. LEWIS. President
Chief Operating Officer
DIANE P BAKER, Senior Vice President
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
KATHARINE P HARROW. Senior Vice President
LEONARDS FORMAN. Senior Vice President
JOHN M. O’BRIEN. SmiarVice President
DONALD S. SCHNEIDER. SeniorVice President
SOLOMON B WATSON TV. Senior Vice President
LAURA J. CORWIN, Secretary

at Representatives.

The South was already dispropor-
tionately powerful because of the two
Senate seats assigned to each state
regardless of population, and the
North understandably was worried
about an undue Southern political tilt
if the South were allowed to count
slaves for representational purposes.
The emotionally charged phrase used
in the North to describe the South’s
position was “slave power."

As .with so many things political,
the North and the South compro-
mised by counting each white person
as one human being and each slave
as three-fifths of a human being
for purposes of House seat apportion-
ment as well as for state
tax contributions to the Federal
Treasury. With that compromise, tile
seeds of future conflict between the
North and the South had been plant-
ed. David H. Zisser

Sausalito, Calif„ June 18, 1997

Insulin’s Discovery

To the Editor:

Karl E. Meyer, in “The Genius of
Scotland" (Editorial Notebook, June
15), furthers a timeworn injustice in
crediting John Macleod with the dis-
covery of insulin. It has long been
established that insulin was actually
discovered by Frederick Banting, a
young' surgeon, and his assistant
Charles Best, a medical student

Dr. Macleod, the Scottish-born
chairman of the physiology depart-
ment at the University of Toronto/
merely gave Banting laboratory
space in the summer of 1921. and
then shared credit (and the. Nobel
Prize) with Banting when" the’ valid-
ity of the discovery became appar-
ent. MiltonR. Okun

Canton, Mass!,- June 15, 1997

4 v

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1

THE JERUSALEM POST

THE NEW YORK TIMES. SUNDAY, JUNE 22, 1997

WEEKLY REVIEW

Essay

IE

william s afire

Politics in Israel

Tel Aviv

You think Yasir Arafat and Israeli
Prime Minister Benjamin Netan-
yahu don't trust each other? You
think Ehud Barak, the opposition La-
bor Party’s new top man, and ‘‘Bibi’*
don't trust each other?

Those fierce feelings are as noth-
ing compared with the depth of dis-
trust felt for one another by Bibi and
almost all the longtime leaders of his
own right-wing coalition.

‘Out the ground-
floor window.’

Hong Kong and False Alarms

By Chas. W. Freeman Jr.

Washington

B ek in 1984, when Britain
agreed to return Hong
Kong to China in 1997
and China agreed to
keep it as it was for “50
years at least,” Deng
Xiaoping remarked that Hong Kong
would not change much over that
period but China would. Eventually,
China would become so much like
Hong Kong, he implied, that there
would be no significant difference
between the two.

The Hong Kong Deng had in mind
was econo mica. «v ■ertarian but po-
litically authoritarian. By 1984, Brit-
ons had govc ;eir little part of
China for m . ji 140 years. To
that point, they had shown no inclina-
tion to temper their benevolent au-
tocracy by letting ~Hong Kong Chi-
nese have a role in the politics of the
place.

The colony's governor appointed
the members of Hong Kong’s Legis-
lative Council, insisted on his right to
approve public gatherings, scruti-
nized the local press for evidence oT
I6se-majest£, and sometimes 'threw
editors in jail for objecting to 'British
rule. -

As 1997 approached, however,
Britain had a change of heart about
the merits of democracy in Hong
Kong. British negotiators convinced
Beijing that, although Britain had
not done so, China should institute a
significant degree of democracy
there. In 1989, Beijing and London
solemnly agreed that, within a year
of the July 1 transfer, Hong Kong’s
people would for the first time elect
their Legislative Council
But Chris Patten, the last British
Governor, decided to jump the gun
by staging elections in Hong Kong in
1995, two years before the July 1.
1997, handover. However poorly the
elections squared with Britain’s
agreement with China, the action

Chas. W. Freeman Jr. was Assistant
Secretary of Defense for internation-
al Security Affairs in 1993 and 1994.

was understandable, given the ap-
prehensions raised by China's ruth-
less suppression of the peaceful up-
rising in Tiananmen in 1989.

The Chinese insist that, notwith-
standing what they regard as British
perfidy, they will honor their word
and sponsor new elections next year.
Most people in Hong Kong clearly
believe them. The stock and real
estate markets there are booming.
Still, Britain's decision to alter the
rules unilaterally could be used by
Beijing to justify its own deviations
from the Sino-British accords after it
reasserts its sovereignty over Hong
Kong.

Had Governor Patten stuck to the
letter and spirit of the accords; legis-
lators appointed by him would have
worked with his Hong Kong Chinese
successor, Tung Chee-hwa, to set the
rules for elections in Hong Kong.

Instead, on July 1 China will carry
through cm its threat to dismiss the
“illegally elected" legislature. A pro-
visional legislature put together by
China will replace it Legislators ap-
pointed by China.rather than Britain
will deter min e how their successors
are elected in 1998.

ibe shape of democratic
’institutions in Hong
Kong matters in no
small measure be-
cause, so far, Deng
has proved right
Since 1984, China has become a great
deal more like Hong Kong. (Hong
Kong, too, has changed, but not to
resemble other parts of China.)
There is no inherent reason that
Hong Kong's powerful influence on
China should not continue after July
1, or that Its influence should be
limited forever to economic rather
than political liberalization.

Despite the unpromising begin-
ning wrought by British actions and
Chinese reactions, there are grounds
for optimism. Chinese missteps in
Hong Kong would be self-sanction-
ing, and China knows it.

If press freedoms -are significantly
curtailed, Hong Kong’s role as a re-
gional media center will wither; The
Asian Wall Street Journal, Interna-

tiona] Herald Tribune, CNN and oth-
ers will find a more congenial base
for their operations. (There is a rea-
son they are in Hong Kong rather
than Singapore.) If Chinese interfer-

China knows that
missteps now
would carry a
high cost.

ence or corruption saps the Hong
Kong economy of its legendary vigor,
its business elite will leave for Aus-
tralia, Canada, the United States or
other countries, where most have
already established a right of resi-
dence.

If the 1998 elections are a sham,
the reaction in Hong Kong and
abroad will severely damage the in-
vestment climate. The security of
the Hong Kong dollar will be in
doubt Capital will go elsewhere.

Beijing understands all this.
That's why it is a good bet that China
will live up to its pledge that “Hong
Kong people will run Hong Kong with
a high degree of autonomy.” The
greatest threats to Hong Kong, in
fact, probably don’t come from Chi-
na at alL

On July 1, thousands of foreign
reporters and dozens of camera
crews will be in Hong Kong to watch
the change of sovereignty. In politics,
as in particle physics, observation of
an event can change and define it.
The reporters will be in Hong Kong
looking for trouble. (Their editors
are not sending them there to report
good news.) That level of demand for
trouble is likely to induce someone to
supply^ L-fiong Kong could suffer
irreparable damage from reporting
that makes a photogeaiebut minor
incident a misleading synibol of its
future under Chinese rule.

Then there are the actions of the
United States. The relationship be-

Journal

FRANK RICH

Better Never Than Late

It to deliberate endlessly
stamp out the national
flag desecration, Con-
»me up with another
a bill officially apologfe-
ry. Though opposition to
has made strange bed-
of Jesse Jackson (who
eaningless”) and Newt

! dead end”). Bill Clinton

(edging about it, a few
i are calling for repara-
» debate could easily eat
,ear of the Presidents
:e initiative.

Lst cut to the chase, and
Thurmond deliver the
t now?

rtisan, all-white Con-
ponsoring the apology
But as Eric Foner, the
diversity historian who
sfinitive text on Recan-
vs- “At the end of the

^ slaves didn’t want an
ey wanted substantive
ie way things wer ] B

eland, and you can keep

” if Congress wants to
might start with itsown
ns, from Willie Horton-

ipaign ads to its persist-

^address the inner-city
at is the most miracta-
slavery and its bastard
negation, today.

Sdd require substance,

mTandwhenitcomesw

jout race and P ove ^£

would rather Play to the

G O.P. focus on ending

lCl \onUahitinthejoUs,

td that the party ^tha
d majority has offered

Congress moves
against slavery.

teachers-union bashing in lieu of ac-
tion to deal with the root of all ills,
failing schools in grades K-12. Nor
have the Republicans found a plausi-
ble substitute for affirmative action
that might win over the only three
major figures in the party with credi-
bility on race — Colin Powell, Jack
Kemp and the kme black Congress-
man, J. C Watts — all of whom favor
a just reform of affirmative-action,
not its abolition without a net for the

P °Mr. Clinton, meanwhile, has taken
hits for what cynics regard as a
public-relations racial policy: a call
for a national conversation, the ap-
pointment of yet another blue-ribbon
commission and town meetings that
may fade as quickly as tbe volumeer-
ism summit in Philadelphia, ^ fair-
ness, he should be given the year he s

asked for, and the

doubt But you don't have to be cym

cal to have lots of doubts.

Candid conversation about race
as opposed to the P.C. bormbes ofMr.
OintOT’sSan Diego speech - ^
erdecreed than had in a cam try that
has already repressed memory of the
revealed by the
black and white reactions »

—

civil-rights enforcement in his

own Justice Department At the
Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission, there is now a backlog of
75,000 discrimination cases. And Mr.
Clinton has little beyond rhetoric to
offer the nation’s cities, either.

No one doubts the President’s em-
pathy with African-Americans. But
empathy won’t get anyone a job,
housing or education. “The problem
with Clinton,” says Roger Wilkins,
the author and Johnson Administra-
tion civil-rights official, “is he’s like
somebody who says I owe you some
money, and I really want to pay you,
but I had to stop by the gambling
casino on the way to your house.”
Since big-government schemes for
addressing social welfare are politi-
cally taboo, Mr. Wilkins says that if
he were President, he would have
convened the country’s best mayors
to identify their “biggest problems
and biggest successes” in dealing
with the crises of race and poverty in
their own cities. These mayors — of
all races and both parties — are on
the front lines; every day the most
creative and committed of them are
trying out “real ideas” on “real peo-
ple”; their proposals for replicating
their successes nationally and for
targeted Federal funding to help do
so would have the credibility that
Washington programs do not
But the President we do have ~
and his political adversaries — seem
inclined to deal with the abstract
rather than the concrete. If a year
from now there is nothing to show for
their efforts but a repeal of affirma-
tive and a loftily written Pres-
idential report, they wiU truly have
some thing to apologize for. u

MK Mabry

tween Hong Kong and China is sym-
biotic. Hong Kong's business elite is
now much more worried about a
fatal ricochet from the current fusil-
lade of American potshots at China
than it is about what China might do
to it after July 1. Hong Kong would be
the main victim of a decision by the
United States to deny China normal
trading status. American politicians,
suffering from apparent “enemy de-
privation” and calling for a new cold
war with China, unnerve Hong Kong
more than they do Beijing.

To continue to prosper, to evolve
toward a more democratic society
and to be a catalyst for accelerated
change in China, the Hong Kong Spe-
cial Administrative Region of China
will need three things from the Unit-
ed States.

It will need policies that reflect
sustained American concern for its
well-being and seek to hold Beijing to
its word. It will need sympathetic
support as its politicians bargain
with Beijing over the electoral sys-
tem to take effect in 1998. But, most
of all, it will need the security and
confidence that only a stable and
improving American relationship
with China can provide.... □

Benny Begin, high-principled son
of Menachem Begin, bailed out with
a blast after the Hebron partial pull-
out Moshe Arens, Bibi’s longtime
mentor who was frozen out the
minute Bibi gained power, calls the
trust factor his former protege’s
“character flaw.”

Last week, the internecine warfare
escalated with the induced resigna-
tion of Finance Minister Dan Meri-
dor, a moderate Likudnik “prince”
respected by -intellectuals and the
media, who had shown lukewarm
support for Bibi during the ordeal of
the “Bar-On affair.” The day after
Israel's Supreme Court closed that
flimsy case, a financial policy crisis
was precipitated and Meridor, over-
ruled by Bibi, resigned.

After a year of wincing whenever
he heard the Prime Minister say, in
English, “How can we control the
spin?**, Meridor was glad to be able to
erase his wimpish reputation with a
gutsy, dramatic departure. As Arik
Sharon neatly put it, “Dan leaped out
of a ground-floor window.”

Netanyahu surely knows that
Sharon trusts him as little as Meri-
dor does. Exactly a year ago. after
Sharon’s help with the religious vote
helped put him in office, Bibi tried to
double-cross Arik with a minor post,
and then had to create a ministry
when friends of the white-haired lion
of Likud threatened a revolt.

But now Bibi needs Arik’s far-right
influence again, and has — at this
writing — slotted him into Meridor’s
empty Finance post Clever maneu-
ver: Out goes the irritating centrist
on a policy pretext, and into that top
slot goes the hard-liner whose
straight talk is trusted by rabbis and
Arabs.

Yet maybe not so clever. The waltz-
ing-out of Meridor upset the one Cabi-
net member Bibi cannot afford to
lose: Natan Sharansky, whose parly
of immigrants has seven votes in the
Knesset Should the short, balding for-
mer Soviet dissident decide to take a
walk, Bibi’s Government would fall.

And Sharansky is plenty sore. Not
only were Bibi's promises to his con-
stituents broken, but the promise to
clear appointments — such as ambas-
sador to Russia — through a Merktor-
Sharansky filter was ignored. He has
°ne foot out the door: “Bibi takes us
for granted. Because 1 am his friend,
P^use I share his political vision,
immigrants have to suffer?” He no
longer trusts his friend and — no
stranger to dissent — won’t accept
coalition discipline in parliament.

When the irate Sharansky boycot-
ted last Friday's Cabinet meeting,
Bibi got the message and — mindful
of his friend’s own worries about Ma-
fia-connection smears — showered
the absent Sharansky with more pow-
er to review appointments, the source
of so much Netanyahu grief so far.
That takes him past the current flap.

Why have I taken the American
reader — interested mainly in Isra-
el's “peace process” — through the
delicious, back-biting minutiae of Is-
raeli right-wing politics?

My purpose is to illustrate what
happens when one voter-friendly po-
litical leader dares to try and turn a
parliamentary system, built on the
British model, toward a presidential
system adapted from the American
constitutional model.

Combined with a turn from Isra-
el’s semi-socialism, that’s a wrench-
ing systemic change. People who de-
ride his personal ambition do not
realize how ambitious is his goal.

Bibi's animus toward the establish-
ment that launched him is a weak-
ness. His relish in defeating it in detail
is self-indulgent, the mark of the sore
winner. Because his manipulation is
so transparent, his spinning falls
short of deft democratic deviousness.

He may fail. Israelis may decide
that a greater concentration of exec-
utive power and diminution of splin-
ter-party power is not right for them.
Or they may be waiting for a leader
who inspires more trust

But if Netanyahu fails in this
arena, “he fails while daring great-
ly,” in Theodore Roosevelt’s words,
and adversaries foreign and domes-
tic will never think of him as one of
“those cold and timid souls who
know neither victory nor defeat." □

Today's Israel - In Antique Style

Beautiful touring maps of today’s
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42 cm. Wx 113.5 cm. H
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□ Israel Pilgrims' Map - The
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8 IE

WEEKLY REVIEW

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, JUNE 22, 1997

THE JKUSALEM POST

Air Hercules Joins Disney’s Pantheon of Pitchmen

Hercules is the latest in a long line of Disney movie characters who offer both a moral message and unl imited marketing opportunities.

movie, the hero becomes a celebrity

A ccording to legend,

Zeus, married to Hera, mis-
behaved one night with the
mortal wife of Amphitryon,
king of Thebes. Result: Hercules.

The Disney version has a different
take. In the studio's latest animated
film, the frenzied and cynical “Her-
cules," the title character springs
from the twin sources of Myth and
Avarice. The myth can be seen in
references to ancient Greece. The
avarice derives from an epochal dis-
covery Walt Disney made back in the
1930’s: if you hustle, you can make as
much money selling toys based on
your characters as you can from the
film itself. Maybe more.

The first deal set up by Walt’s in-
house marketing division was for the
licensing of Mickey Mouse ice-cream
cones. Ten million of those were sold
in the first month. Since then, nurser-
ies of the world have overflowed with
representations of Disney mice,
ducks, dogs, cats, dwarfs, princes,’
subaqueous beauties and other won-
ders. Yet with all the merchandising,
animation remained Walt Disney’s
lifelong passion. (He once confessed,
"I love Mickey Mouse more than any
woman I’ve known.")

The impresario couldn't draw with

The creators of
Mickey Mouse are
lampooning their
own product, but
want you to buy,
buy, buy.

much panache, couldn’t write dia-
logue or compose music or lyrics. He
was a naif and a right-winger, biased
against blacks, Jews and homosex-
uals. His taste could be vulgar, and
his self-importance was notorious
("This will make Beethoven ! ” he is
supposed to have said when he happi-
ly appraised the Pastorale section of
"Fantasia").

But Walt rightly regarded anima-
tion as an American art form, and he
maintained the highest technical
standards in the business. Indeed,
the director Chuck Jones recalls that
during the 50’s, when he and the
other overworked animators at War-
ner Brothers were producing the
great Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck
comedies, the Disney employees
"were slaving away at art-’’

"It never occurred to us,” be said,
“that Warners and Walt were in the
same business."

But by the time of Walt’s death in
1966, other forces had crowded ani-
mation out of first place in the Dis-
ney empire. Now the prime sources
of revenue were nature documenta-
ries, live films like “Mary Poppins”
and, of course, the vast and artificial
universe of Disneyland. For decades
after, animation fell into low repute
as schlock companies took over the
profitable arena of Saturday morn-
ing television. To be sure, the Disney
studio still offered an occasional fea-
tureless feature, like "The Rescu-
ers." Yet it was not until the Disney
family was out and the outsiders
Michael Eisner and Jeffrey Katzen-
berg were in that high-quality ani-
mation was revived.

The renaissance began in 1988
with "Who Framed Roger Rabbit," a
lively collaboration between Disney
and -Steven Spielberg's Amblin stu-
dio. Then, cm its own hook, Disney
produced a far more influential
work, "The Little Mermaid,” with a
score by Howard Ashman and Alan
Menken. More than any other fea-
ture, this one quite literally took the
play from New York and brought it
to the Coast

By the late 80’s, the most impor-
tant theatrical blockbusters were be-
ing forged by foreigners. Ashman
fought back. He sensed that audi-
ences in the IMted States were still
hungry for the kind of big, made-in-
America show in which, as he put it,
“the characters sing about what they
want" In “Mermaid,” the title char-
acter sat on a rock and voiced her
yearnings, while Sebastian the Crab
jauntily replied. Calypso style, “Un-
der da sea/ Darling it’s better/
Down where it’s wetter/ Take it

from me." Audiences and critics
wore their palms out applauding, and
the new Disney cast its shadow
across the globe. The Broadway mu-
sical had found a new home.

From Find Your Inner Mermaid,
and Find Your Inner Crab, the writ-
ers turned to a less complicated
theme in “Beauty and the Beast."
Here Katzenberg. then top gun in the
mouse academy, expressed dissatis-
faction with some early footage of
the heavy. He summoned the chief
animator, Andreas Deja. Hie boss
"put up his feet on the table and just
talked," Deja recalled.

"He said the theme of the movie
was, Don’t judge a book by the cov-
er,” he added. “My job was to do
something bold with Gaston so that
he looked like a hero but was conniv-
ing and evil”

Deja kept his villain handsome but
• added some connivance around the
eyes and allowed a smirk to play
around the mouth. The film em-
ployed the talents of performers like
Jerry Orbach and Angela Lansbury,
theater veterans who knew how to
sell a song. The score contained
many delights. And the story, based
on a fairy tale in the public domain,
pleased many mid offended only the
kind of purists who disliked “Pinoc-
chio" back in 1940, the year the Ital-
ian Ministry complained that the fit-
tie wooden kid “easily could be mis-
taken for an American.”

With the next smash hit. “Alad-
din” (1992), I found myself asking, in
chorus with much of the rest of the
audience, what is this film really
about? The answer: it was about an
hour and a half of excellent, if fran-
tic, sbtick by Robin Williams, along
with a high style borrowed from the
elegant lines of the theatrical car-
toonist A1 Hirschfeld. But that was
all it was about

The Disney facade was made near-
ly impregnable by the film’s huge
financial profits: $217 million at
home and abroad, plus the revenue
that came in when 254 million copies
of the videotape were sold, not to
mention the income from toys and
clothing. But insiders knew that all
was not well in the Enchanted King-
dom. Katzenberg, given great credit
by die news media for Disney’s re-
surgence, had begun to grate on his
boss, and he and Eisner acrimoni-

Dtsney Enterprises

"The Hunchback of Notre Dame”

ously parted company.

While the disgruntled ex-employee
and his new partners, Spielberg and
David Geffen, announced plans for
their own animation feature, "Prince
of Egypt,” a full-length retelling of
the story of Moses, Disney went on to
produce the remarkable "Lion
King" in 1994. Strangely enough, its
very maturity, including the death of
an elder lion, tended to frighten crit-
ics more than it did children. Here, I
think, Disney was right and the nay-
sayers wrong. The film stands on its
own today, a tribute to the institution
of the family and to patriarchal re-
sponsibility.

But, alas, having valorously con-
fronted matters of life and death,
Disney seemed to suffer a loss of
nerve. "Pocahontas," the most politi-
cally correct project to be seen out-
side the Smithsonian, advanced the
real maiden’s age by about 10 years,
turned her into a Native American
Barbie and Captain John Smith into
a Ken doll and hypocritically pushed
its P.C. message in song.

Gazing at the money-hungry Brit-
ish imperialists, Pocahontas en-
treats her beloved: "Come run the
hidden pain trails of the. forest/
Come taste the sun-sweet berries of
the earth/ Come roll in all the riches
all around you/ And for once never
wonder what they're worth.” This
from a company that has its plastic
toys made in China.

What was this film about? It was
about the fact that Disney could still

offer a hit tune, "The Colors of the
Wind.” and deal yet more merchan-
dise, as evidenced by the enthusias-
tic displays of toys. T-shirts and caps
in its emporiums.

Disney's next animated feature,
"The Hunchback of Notre Dame,"
seems to me a catastrophic turning
point in the srudio’s approach. Be-
sides deriding religion, it also lam-
pooned its literaty source, naming
the gargoyles Victor, Hugo and La-
veme. What child could possibly un-
derstand this allusion to the Andrews
Sisters? Was it put in to amuse their
parents? Hardly: polls tell us that
those people tend to confuse World
War II with the Pleistocene Epoch.
Their grandparents? Possibly, but
what percentage of the audience
were they?

No, it seems far more likely that
the writers and animators were
merely amusing themselves, kidding
the original with winks and nudges,
as if to say, "We know what we’ve
done is gilded junk, but you know
that we know it's junk, so, like, it’s
post-modern irony, right?"

With "Hercules," the animators
and writers have again taken the low
road, this time at breakneck velocity.
In Disney's 35th full-length animated
feature the classic source is buried
beneath a cascade of anachronisms
and self-mockeries. To be sure, the
film boasts outstanding vocal talents
— James Woods. Rip Torn, Danny
DeVito and many others. And Ralph
Steadman's freewheeling design in-
corporates friezes. Olympian maj-
esty and Hellenic uniforms circa 500
B.C. But these seldom alleviate the
sense of hyperthyroidism and perva-
sive vulgarity.

"Hercules” opens with a readmg
by Charlton Heston, full of sonorous
dignity, immediately interrupted by
muses caterwauling "the gospel
truth” about an individual who "put
the glad in gladiator," thereby going
“from zero to hero." That is the last
evidence of Heston or sonorous digni-
ty.

A FTER A brief period as a
superbaby playuig with lit-
tle Pegasus (1 can see the
plastic toys rolluig off the
assembly line even now ), Hercules is
abducted from Olympus by the imps
Pain and Panic (more toys), opera-
tives of Hades, ruler of the under-
world. Adopted by some poor farm-
ers, the tot abruptly develops into a
muscular youth of great promise but
no direction.

So far, this demigod bears a spirit-
ual resemblance to other lost young
souls from the old Disney factory:
Pinocchio, Barabi, Cinderella,
Mowgli, the lion prince. But those
protagonists bad credible difficulties
and real growing pains. Hercules’
only trouble is his strength: with
some awkward missteps he brings
down an agora, pillars and all, infuri-
ates the townspeople and runs off to
find himself.

En route to his place in the La-
rousse encyclopedia, Hercules is se-
duced, sidetracked, taunted and
tempted by the likes of the 30-headed
Hydra ("who put the gory in allego-

ry” would be appropriate here);
Megara, a Barbie with big hair and a
bigger wardrobe: an Olympic train-
er. Philoctetes (“Call me Phil”), and
the hooded Hades himself (are these
great figurines or what?). Ultimate-
ly, with brute strength, some trick-
ery and a last minute and totally
unconvincing uplift of heart and soul,
Hercules triumphs. He even gets the
girl, by becoming a human instead of
a god, like his father.

As with "Hunchback,” it seems
fair to ask what “Hercules” is about.
Tom Schumacher, executive vice
president for feature animation at
Walt Disney, has stated that "funda-
mentally, this film is about the idea
of strength, of who you are and what
character is."

“It also,” he said, "deals with the
notion of what celebrity is. what pop
culture is, what it means to be popu-
lar."

So it does. It says that a steroid
body will get you noticed, that you
can foil the opposition with a techni-
cality and that when you get really
famous, folks will buy anything with
your name on it.

Who are these messages aimed
at? Small children? I hope not;

they’ll be terrified by the scenes of
Hades, in which dead souls float in a
ghastly maelstrom, as well as by the
various loud and violent monsters.
Furthermore, the festival of anach-
ronisms (Hades chortles about his
hostile takeover bid for Olympus;
Thebes is portrayed as the Big Olive)
are bound to whistle far over their
heads. Older children will under-
stand the references but not their
ultimate and depressing signifi-
cance. For if Disney has aimed to kid
the toga off an ancient legend, the
jape has backfired, big time.

Everything that sinks must also
converge, and on the way down Dis-
ney has finally met Warner Broth-
ers. The latter studio recently pro-
duced “Space Jam.” making a trav-
esty of its best cartoon characters. A
Warner executive admitted to me
that the film was "merely a hanger
for playthings we sell in the Warner
store," and the most acute criticism
I beard came from a boy who com-
plained afterward that “Bugs Bunny
wasn’t in the movie, just someone
playing Bugs.”

"Hercules," with far superior film
technique, is every bit as shameless.
In the most celling moment in the

after a series of brave deeds. Over-
night his name is on everyone's lips
and on an emporium designed to look
just like a Disney Store. Go ahead,
the filmmakers seem to be saying,
call us avaricious. We got there be-
fore you.

That they did. But at what cost?
You can thumb your nose at the
Arabian Nights, a French novel, even
a Greek icon. But when you lampoon
your own product, you're playing a
mug’s game.

Right now professional animators
can sense that despite the hype and
hoopla about Disney’s part in the
resurgence of New York’s 42d Street,
especially the refurbished New Am-
sterdam Theater, where Hercules
had its premiere a week ago, the
Disney formula is running out It is
only a question of time before critics,
then ticket buyers, begin to ask. who
put the greed in ingredients? □

Stefan Kanfer's book " Serious Busi-
ness: The Art and Commerce of Ani-
mation in America from Betty Boop
“to ‘Toy Story’ 1 ’ was published re--
cetitly by Scribner ;

FULL-LENGTH FEATURES

By Matt Gaffney / Edited by Will Shortz

ACROSS

I Sleeping spots
7 Rais

12 Mark or official
approval

18 White-knuckled

20 Pointless

21 Breathing aid

22 1944 film

25 See 45-Down

26 With 60-Down, bid

27 Blasted a hole in

28 Boots

29 “The Road Runner-
background sights

33 “ mud in your

eye!"

35 Pitcher Fernandez

37 Fan letdown

38 “The First Wives'
Club" members

40 Latin clarification

42 Make an

outstanding design?

45 1965 film

51 Skirt

52 English churchyard
features

53 Dealer in piece
goods

54 Literally, “goddess-

55 They're toasted at
luncheons

56 Shooting match

58 Domingo y tunes

62 Word of
encouragement

63 City of northern
Finland

64 Certain drop

65 Singer Jackson

67 1986 or 1994 film

72 Habituates

73 “Janies and the
Giani Peach" author

74 Dole's Senate
successor

75 Inti, air hub

76 Big name in video
games

77 Golden

(seniors)

79 Ball throwers

80 It played the
Platters' platters

81 Hoglike animals

84 Auto wirh models
900 and 9000

85 Locale of ancient Ur

86 1951 film

91 Unfair shake

92 Relaxation in
63 -Across

93 Exciting experience,
in slang

94 En-graved letters?

95 "That feels good!"

97 Was in knots

100 Recesses

103 lfA = BandB = C.
thenA=C,e.g.

106 "Serpico"^uthor
Peter

108 Glass Currency

Act. 1913

110 Impolite reply

112 1948 film

1 18 Helmsman

119 Like some walks

120 Successful person

121 Bootlicker

122 Theroux’s “The

Happy of

Oceania-

123 Bay, county or city
of Ireland ’

DOWN

1 Super Bowl XIV
participants

2 Late bedtime

3 Daisy variety

4 Request to a guest

5 Kenyan
independence
leader— *- Mboya

6 Look for damages

7 Former Chief

Justice Harlan

Stone

8 Breaks

9 More them nod
10 Contentious

political assembly
"ll Antivenins

12 British F.BJ.

13 First name in folk

14 Third Chinese
dynasty

15 Two-time president
of Texas

16 Snob

17 Actress Harper and
others

19 Computer game
— -City

21 Isao of the

P.GJL

23 Slangy turndown

24 Coming up

30 Crayola color

31 Canceled

32 Questionnaire
datum

34 Author LeShan

36 "Edward

Scissorhands” star

39 Strait of Messina
menace

41 Iron: Prefix

43 “The Simpsons”
bartender

44 With 111 -Down,
vulture or hawk

45 With 25-Across,
voiced an opinion

46 Satanic moniker

47 Southern swarmer

48 Lull

49 Sympathetic sounds

50 A Turner

55 Pays the price for

56 Namesakes of a son
of Adam

57 Swiss theologian
Barth

59 Site of a famous
flag-raising

60 See 26-Across

61 Real-life sailor on
whom Crusoe was
based

63 Words of praise

64 Paul L e.g.

65 Pot contents

66 18, 19and20ofa
series

68 Henry Clay, for one

69 West-centra! Texas
city

70 Double fold

71 Challenger of the
dragon Smaug

77 Boost

78 “The Pelican Brief”
author

79 Case workers, for
short

80 Arches

82 90's film
autobiography
subtitled'My Story”

83 Bear of literature

84 Fish that sings when
mating

85 Bit

86 Embodiment of
impractical chivalry

87 They make calls
from home

88 Some TVs

89 The Tar Heels: Abbr.

90 Mouths

91 Loud and rude

96 1944 Bing Crosby hit

98 Cuddly film
creatures of 1983

99 Opium

101 Jostle

102 Historic rival of
Florence

104 City near Provo

105 Vidal’S-

Breckinridge"

107 Prefix with -vert

109 Riot-stopping grps.

Ill See 44-Down'

113 Mid. '

114 Wheaton of -Stand
By Me”

115 Seasonal drink

116 Actress Thurman

117 Country singer
McDaniel

ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE

□

a

□□□□□

i

j

ill

The Jerusalem Post Monday, June 23, 1997

FEATURES

Who named the Sephardim

“Ashkenazi?”

Bamba: 1 ,
Mom: 0

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» ‘ “ i ■:

■/ Jy ■ ** so many
> m/%/. Sephardi Jews named
.Ashkenazi?. Because
: their ancestors came from
Ashkenaz, (medieval Germany
and northern France), and when
they migrated to the Balkan
countries in the 1 6th centuxy, the
S^diardi Jews there called them
^Ashkenazi," . a name which
•lived on even after. they “assimi-
lated*’. into ’ Sephardi society
.through marriage. 1 "•

■ Ashkenazi is die 20th mosr com-
mon ' - surname . in Israel.
Expl a na ti ons of the origins of die
200 most common Israeli
. fioBB Cohen to Nahmani, make up
Avraham Ariel’s just released Sefer
Hashemot (“Book of Names").

“The history . of these names
illustrates the history of the
Jewish people, and tells the story
of "how they were displaced-
around the globe ” said Ariel.

A retired merchant s eaman who
says he is “addicted to research,"
Arid went through Jewish encyclo-
pedias, population records, other
books on Jewish names, and inter-
. viewed Israelis, discovering along
foeway a number of peculiarities.

“For instance, the name
Weizman [No. 165] is known as
an Ashkenazi name - it means
“grain dealer” in Yiddish. Yet it’s
also a fairly common name, among
Moroccan Jews, but they took it
from the name of a Berber tribe
that lived in the desert of southern
Morocco,” he said.

The names Edri (No. 19) and
Deri (No. 141) come from the
same source - a city named Edreii,
which, in biblical times, was
located in what is now Jordan.
“The Jews left Edreii and settled
in a town in southern Morocco,
probably in the first century BCE.

“The new town became the cra-
dle of Jewish life in Morocco, and

A rose is a rose by any other name. But an
Ashkenazi is not necessarily an Ashkenazi at all.
Larry Derfner disovers the origins of the most
common surnames in Israel

Ml! tVtW&ZMAN

ME TOO

rx s

they named it Dara’a after their
old hometown of Edreii. The
names Edri and Deri went at from

The Top Twenty

These are the most common Israeli surnames (as of the end of
1 996, according to the Interior Ministry's Population Registry):

1. Cohen, 123,43rnamesakes

2. Levy, 73,687 '

3. Mizrahi, 23,897 -

4. Perete, 20.458 .

5. Bftori, 19,612 y

6. Driwn, 14,329 '

7. Avraham; 14302 V: . y. y.

8. Friedman, 12,868.

9. Azulai, 12,708 ”

10. Katz, 12387

11. Malcha, 12,226

12. David, 10,946

13. Amai; 10,458

14. (Jabbai, 10364-
. 15.,QhayoQ, 10317
16. Haddad, 10,171

. 17. Yosef, 9,951
. 18. Ben-David, 8338

19. Edri, 8,715

20. Ashkenazi, 8.653

there,” said Ariel.

The main historical lesson he
learned was “the dominance of the
Sephardi names,** and with it the
dominance of the Sephardim in
Jewish history. “Doing the
research gave me an inferiority
complex about being Ashkenazi,”
said Ariel, smiling. (His family
name was Glembotsky, taken
from a sbtetl in Poland.) “When
my ancestors were raising goats in
the tsar's empire, those who are
today often derided as frenfdm [a
•derogatory term for Sephardim]
made the greatest contribution to
Judaism since the Talmud, and in
fact managed the world," be said.

AT THE end of last year, the
Interior Ministry’s Population

Registry listed 123,431 Cohens,
Ariel writes. Second were the
Levys. at 73,687. Then came a
sharp drop to Mizrahi, with
23,897 namesakes, with Peretz,
Bitoo, Da han, Avraham, Friedman
(the most common strictly
Ashkenazi name), Azulai and
Katz rounding out the Top Ten.

In interviews with Israelis, Ariel
found that most had either no idea
or the wrong idea of their names'
origins. “I would ask people
named Maimon [No. 54] where
die name came from and they
would say, ‘Maimonides - the
Rambam,’ from toe 12th century. I
would tell them there are graves in
Morocco with the names Maimon
.going back to toe fourth century
BCE,” he said.

Ariel's most difficult research
challenge was name No. 159,
Avitan, which belongs to 3,067
Israelis. All are Sephardim, he
says, but the name didn't appear
in North African Jewish histories
and records, nor even in a listing
of over 1 ,000 Jewish names from
pre-Expulsion Spain. Avitan
doesn't appear until toe early
1950s, with the mass Sephardi
, immigration to Israel.

The name closest to Avitan on
that old Spanish registry was
Betan. which, Ariel learned, was

taken from the Hebrew word
“batel,” which means
“annulled.” The name Betan was
given to Spanish Jews whose
standing as kohanim had been
annulled after one of their ances-
tors had violated one of the pro-
hibitions on kohanim, such as
marrying a divorced woman,
Ariel explained.

He got in touch with a few
Avitans in Israel, and found out
that their parents had indeed
been named Betan in North
Africa. “When they came here,
toe Jewish Agency officials did-
n’t think Betan sounded biblical
or Hebrew enough, so they
added an alef and a yud and
made it into Avitan, which
sounded more appropriate to toe
Jewish Agency, given toe spirit
of toe times,” he said.

Sefer Hashemot is essentially a
consumer's book, aimed at bear-
ers of toe 200 most common
Israeli names and over 5,000
derivatives of those names,
which Ariel also lists.

He says the publications depart-
ment of toe Ministry of Defense
was at first skeptical about putting
out toe book. When he fuk pro-
posed it, Ariel asked the publisher
“How many people in Israel do
you think have one of toe 200
most common names? He said,
‘Maybe five or 10 percent.’ When
I told him it was 27 percent, and
that when you included the 5,000
derivatives of those names it came
to just over 50 percent, he said,
‘Well, that’s a different story.’"

“For Sephardim, toe book will'
really be a lift, it'll make them
proud,” Ariel says.

And if it gives an inferiority-
complex to toe Kleins (No. 25),
Shapiros (No. 26), Schwartzes
(No. 31), Greenbergs (No. 41 ) and
toe rest of their kind, they can
always try to pass as Sephardim
by changing their name to
Ashkenazi.

EARTHLY CONCERNS

Nature’s magic recycling agent

By ITTOBA BEM SHA1A.

D uckweed is a most unimpres-
sive aquatic plant It’s noth-
ing more than a flat green
glob floating on the water with a
dump of thin white hair-like roots
dangling from it But its importance
to the environment is far more
inpnKsivie. fit fecL ft is proving to be
one of die two most efficient plants
for cleaning up sewage effluents.

As world populations burgeon,
particularly in the cities, the streams
of sewage water swell to such a
degree that. experts fear that soot
conventional sewage treatment will
not be able to handle toe load. These
hi-tech systems depend on thou-
sands of miles of collection pipes
and channels, emergency oude*^
gigantic processing tanks, turbine
engines and a continuous supply of
energy to keep everything moving.
Add to tiiis toe complex chemical
monitoring units that are needed to
process facilities, each of which
handles tens of thousands of cubic

liters of wastewater every day.

As technology grows increasing-
ly expensive and energy sources
more limited, it has become afrwxa
impossible to repair or np&M*
existing facilities m even wealthy

Treatment plant for Gush Dan wastewater: Purifying sewage water is becoming increasingly
ex pensi ve. (D- Rosen Wo®)

countries, let alone build new ones
in poorer countries. Yet it’s impera-
tive to treat this vast amount of
sewage water for the sake erf the
env ir onment. Moreover, the recy-
cled water is a matter of fife or
death in many places where it sup-
plies the principal source of water
for agriculture.

Experiments' have shown that
duckweed can play a vital part in
purifying water to a level that is
gu}f ahh» for growing crops. The raw

Official

sewage is first channeled into large
ponds for sedimentation where all
coarser matter settles to the bottom.
This sludge can later be chemically
treated for sanitary purposes and
used as fertilizer. The supemateni
water is then moved to a second
pond where it is oxygenated. At this
point, anaerobic organisms (those
that live in an airless environmait)
toe aid aerobic bacteria that thrive
on oxygen break down a large por-
tico of tire organic material in the

water. The water then passes into a
third pond where it is seeded with
duckweed. From this point on, the
only thing needed for further purifi-
cation is sunlight and air:

The floating duckweed repro-
duces at an amazing rate, and soon
toe entire surface of toe water is a
solid carpet of little green leaves.
A planting toe size of a human
thumb will develop enough new
plants to cover six dunams in 55
days, under optimal conditions. In

fact, reproduction is so rapid that
there is often an oversupply of
duckweed which can be raked
from the surface with simple tech-
niques and used as a high-quality
cattle food (either fresh or dried
and used as a component in con-
centrated cattle food).

Another water-purifying plant is
the water hyacinth, which is even
better at removing nutrients from
sewage water. Originating in
China, it was introduced to the US
by a returning missionary in the
19th century. It thrived so well in
toe southern US, that toe state of
Florida spends several million
dollars a year just dredging the
water hyacinths out of the water-
ways. Unfortunately, almost all
varieties of this beautiful purple-
flowering plant are useful only
where the weather is constantly
warm. In cold weather, it becomes
dormant or dies. Water hyacinths
are nevertheless widely used for
sewage water treatment in
California and other parts of the
southwestern US.

But the hardy duckweed is native
to almost every part of the globe,
and a local strain that has adapted to
the ambient weather conditions can
almost always be found.

I t’s not easy to admit that you've
been defeated by a snack food.
But I feel strong enoueh io
make that confession. I've" been
beaten by Bamba. For the unen-
lightened, Bamba is far and
away the most popular snack
product in Israel. Forget about
potato chips, pretzels, and other
such fare. Bamba leaves them in
the dusL

For years, I have failed to see
the attraction that this particular
treat possesses. In the past, I
would describe the phenomenon
to recent arrivals to the country
in a derisive tone. "A Bamba,” 1
would say, “is this puffed-up lit-
tle com thing with the consisten-
cy of styrofoam. It’s like a
Cheeto back home, except a lit-
tle less crunchy and a little more
soggy. And get this - instead of
flavoring it with tangy Cheddar
cheese, toe little sucker tastes

fruit onto his high-chair tray.
"Look at the poor kid." hubby
complained. “Cheerios are much
too small for him to grasp. And
the fruit just slides out of his
hand. Why don't we give him
some Bamba? They're just the
right size for him to hold and
chew on.”

But 2 held firm. No Bamba for
Eitan. "Did you know," I asked
my husband, “that peanuts are
one of the most highly allergenic
foods? Do we want to play
around with his health?"

Bui I forgot to mention my stand
to my babysitter. And she was
deeply shocked when I reacted
negatively to her proud announce-
ment that she had fed Bamba to
Eitan. “I didn't know that you
could be allexgic to Bamba," she
said. "All toe babies eat it. I fig-
ured ii had to be good for them.”

I took her aside and explained

A discovery that the bag of Bamba
was empty would send a panicked
parent hurrying to the nearest mar-
ket or kioski like some kind of drug
addict rushing to get their fix.

like peanut butter. Can you
believe it? Disgusting."

What I found most repellent
about Bamba was how mothers
and fathers, clearly brainwashed
by toe corporate machinations of
its manufacturer, seemed to stuff
it into the mouths of their
preschoolers at a frightening
rate. A discovery that the bag of
Bamba was empty would send a
panicked parent hurrying to the
nearest market or kiosk, like
some kind of drug addict lush-
ing to get their fix. They were
inescapable: at every shopping
mall, at every park, there they
were, those little brown pellets
that looked like the droppings of
some giant bird.

Now don’t get me wrong: 1
knew that my children would
□ever be hothouse creatures fed
only home-cooked organic fruits
and vegetables. I'm as fond of
convenience food as anyone
else. But I thought that I had my
red lines, and that certain local
child-rearing customs crossed
those boundaries. I vowed I
would never make a chocolate
spread sandwich and call it
lunch. And I swore that I would
not allow my kid to become a
Bamba addict.

I first realized that I had a
tough road ahead when my son
Eitan 's favorite video featured
not one, but two commercials
for Bamba, starring an annoying
little cartoon baby with a saggy
diaper whose first three words
are, “Ima, Abba, Bamba!"
(Mommy, Daddy, Bamba!).

My husband joined toe pro-
Baraba campaign when I first
started introducing Eitan to toe
concept of finger foods. I proud-
ly sprinkled healthy, whole-
grain Cheerios and chunks of

to her gently, that she, who lived
in Moscow until six years ago,
was not wise to the plots of the
evil capitalist consumer conspir-
acy the way I was. The Bamba
bag, I pointed out, is designed to
lull parents into believing that
this junk food is somehow nutri-
tious, trumpeting how many vit-
amins they inject into it, and
listing their ingredients as natur-
al com, natural peanut butter,
natural vegetable oil and fat,
natural salt, natural spices. Like
I should be glad they don't use
artificial com and fake salt?

And what's so great about
being natural? Arsenic is natur-
al. Does that mean it's good for
the baby? But this was a battle I
was .destined to lose,

My downfall came, at .a back-
yard barbecue when I plunked
nine-month-old Eitan down on a
blanket with the other kids.
Before I knew it, he made a bee-
line for one of toe little plastic
bowls of Bamba scattered on the
ground. He grabbed one in his
hand and crunched away, happy
as a clam. Now. obviously, if he
had been snacking on arsenic. I
would have snatched it away
from him. But I found it impos-
sible to deny him this relatively
innocent pleasure.

Ever since, I have been allow-
ing him to partake of reasonable
amounts of Bamba. I have to
admit it. he likes the stuff. And
any food item that keeps a baby
happily occupied for toe amount
of time it takes for me to eat my
dinner like a civilized human
being or have an adult conversa-
tion, is really hard for me to
resist. Any item, that is, except
for those chocolate-spread sand-
wiches. One has to draw the line
somewhere.

sravisioiT^

TV CHANNEL 9

THIS WEEK: Children's English Drama Workshop;

Antique Cars; Dry Bones; ESRA Events.

Tevel - Tel Aviv - Dan Area
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NetanyaArea

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* Newly revised and updated third edition -
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* Includes more than 100,000 acceptable two-to-
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* Alphabetically arrranged entries for last and
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Published by Merriam Webster,

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Understanding the 20th Century -

THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF REVOLUTIONS AND REVOLUTIONARIES

’Prom Anarchism to Zhou Enla l - Martin van Crsveld, Editor-In-Chief

Background to history and current events are covered
alphabetically in this unique, first-of-rts-kind encyclopedia
^ [Ww profiling periods of unrest and change from antiquity to
HRs the present individuals, movements, events.

Jerusale m Pub lishing House/Facts on FHe Publication.

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BUSINESS&FINANCE

BUSINESS

in brief

Gov’t; No cut in industrial incubators

The Chief Scientist’s Office, a division in the Industry and
Trade Ministry, has no plans to reduce the number of incubator
projects, a spokesperson said, in response to a report in Ha’aretz -
Rina Pridor, manager of the office’s incubators division^ said die
has no plans to close any of the high-tech laboratories. Israel’s
26 incubators support 200 projects and employ 800 workers.

“We currently have the right number of incubators to handle
the number of ideas,” Pridor said. “If the number of
increases, perhaps we will open new incubators and if the num-
ber of ideas decreases, perhaps we will reduce the number of
incubators." The incubator division’s budget for 1997 totals NIS
1 10m.. 10% more than in 1 996. Jennifer Friedlin

Overseas tour guiding licensing canceled

From next week, Israeli tour leaders accompanying groups
abroad will no longer have to be licensed by die government
The decision to open the field was taken by the Knesset
Economics Committee in February. Tourism Minister Mosbe
Kaisav said Israel was the only country in the world that requires
tour leaders to have government certification. Haim Shapiro

Discount in regional banking forum

Bank Discount will represent Israeli banks in the
Mediterranean Bank Network, an organization of bankers from
Tunisia, Turkey, Italy, Slovenia and Malta. Tbe MBN was estab-
lished in 1 996 to encourage trade activities and investments
between the member nations and to strengthen the interbank
information infrastructure to improve the opportunities and ser-
vices provided to the banks’ customers. Jennifer Friedlin

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Treasury : At least
NIS 2b. cut in ’98 budget

Foreign currency reserves surpass $17b.; foreign debt stable

ByDAvmmwas

It is already clear that the 1 998
state budget will be cut by at
least NIS 2 billion, a Finance
Ministry source said yesterday.

Responding to media specula-
tion that a NIS 4b. cut already
has been agreed on within the
ministry’s budget department, a
ministry spokesperson said that
discussions on the matter have
yet to be concluded, ‘‘but it is
clear that the cuts will come
across tbe board.”

For fiscal ‘98 the government
has set itself a budget deficit tar-
get at 2.4 percent of gross
domestic product, compared to
die 2.8% of GDP this year. The
government will begin dis-
cussing the 1 998 budget in
August

Meanwhile, tbe budget depart-
ment has entered discussions
once again on an additional cut
to this year’s budget

During the recent round of

talks between Prime Minister
Binyamin Netanyahu, former
finance minister Dan M end or,
and Bank of Israel governor
Jacob Frenkel, a cut of NIS
600m. was agreed upon. This
too will be made across the
board, according to the Treasury
spokesman’s office.

The budget department is gen-
erally more cautious in making
midyear cuts, the source said,
pointing out, “After all the min-
istries already have their alloca-
tion and we’re asking them not
to spend it all.”

On the ministerial level,
Meridor's departure last week
from the Treasury has led to a
hiatus in the budgetary decision-
making process.

Meridor, more than many of
his senior Treasury officials,
favored the implementation of
an additional budget cut, based
on the gap between the actual
budget deficit at the end of the
first quarter and tbe government

target at 2.8% of GDP.

Meridor’s major reservation
was the central bank’s continued
refusal to substantially lower
interest rates in tandem with a
budget cut. Now that the bank
has reduced tbe key lending rate
by 1.2%, Meridor’s successor
will have to push on with the
implementing the agreed-upon
cut

In the wake of the 1997 cabi-
net and Knesset bndget debates,
held last year, the government
cut NIS 7.2b. from the budget,
which stands at a little fender
NIS 190b.

Some NIS 5b. was cut from
public spending, with the
remainder coming from tax
hikes.

Meanwhile, the Bank of Israel
yesterday reported that foreign
currency reserves have reached
$ 17.5b. and Israel's net foreign
debt stood at $20.37b. at the end
of the first quarter, a slight rise
on tbe $20.34b. registered at the

end of the 1996.

This figure takes into account
Israeli assets abroad. When
these are removed, the gross for-
eign debt totaled $48.945., a
$0.93b. increase in the figure as
of December 3 1 .

The key net figure has been
steadily shrinking since the
introduction of foe austerity
package of 1985.

Israel's foreign currency
reserves increased during the
first two weeks of June by
$1.1 b., reaching $1 7_5b-,
according to foe Globes finan-
cial daily.

Tbe central bank has been
engaging in massive foreign cur-
rency purchases during recent
weeks, in an attempt to weaken
the shekel, in line with foe dic-
tates of foe so-called diagonal
mechanism.

Last week that mechanism was
altered, in foe aftermath of the
events which led to Meridor’s
resignation.

Jordan okays Israeli use of Akaba Airport

By SAHA ABDALLAH

AMMAN - Jordan said yester-
day it has agreed to allow Israel to
use Akaba airport to ease pressure
on the airport in Eilat
Jordan’s Civil Aviation
Authority said in a statement that
the agreement was reached at a
meeting between Jordanian and
Israeli officials in Israel last week. •
Israel Airports Administration
spokesperson Sara Erez said that a

For current In for ma t i on
on securities In Israel
and the U^.
Inducting hlgh-yfekflng
' U.S. government-backed
debentures, call: '

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joint committee had agreed that
experimental flights should take
place, carrying both passengers
and cargo.

However, she said that no date
had been set for them to actually
begin.

The talks centered mainly
around foe issue of security, said
Transport Ministry spokesman
Avner Ovadia, who added that
because of the nature of the talks,
he could disclose no details.

More than 150 international
flights land at Eilat each month
and an unspecified number of

civilian flights use tire nearby air
force base at Uvda.

Fewer than 60 planes a month
land at Akaba, which the CAA
says is the only airport in southern
Jordan which enjoys international
runway standards.

The CAA said a trial period
would start soon before a final
agreement on landing rights was
made.

Jordan and Israel have been dis-
cussing the possibility of budding
a joint Akaba-Eilat airport.

The US Trade and Development
Agency last year concluded a fea-
sibility study on foe project,
which is estimated to cost $100

£RIME^

prime nms

Mutual Fund for
Foreign Residents

Date: 19.6.97

Purchase Price: 117.25

Redemption Price; 115.70

leianipia tco'auh

(mUD) TARGET OIW
Mutual Fund for
Foreign Residents

Date: 19.6.97

Purchase Price: 172.36

I Redemption Price: 1 69.85

teumipia mWi

» ISRAEL DISCOUNT DANK

israel electric Twnn

The Israel Electric Corporation
wishes to purchase by tender:

I

Tender No.
documents.

DESCRIPTION

Cost of tender
including VAT
(non-refundable)

613367

SM-Zgg

For. Mfecefeneous supporting elements

fer.awondafY piping

First stage - request for technical proposal

NIS 1030

Last date for submitting bids: July 28, 1 997 at 11 a.m |

Additional participation pre-conditions:

A. Participation in the tender is aiso subject to complying with the preliminary conditions!
detailed in the Tender Regulations 1 993, Para 6(a) 1 , 2, 3 (i.e., registration as
required by law, compliance with mandatory specifications; and the holding of the
permits required by law for transactions with public bodies).

B. The Israel Electric Corporation reserves the right to allow a bidder who has not
provided some required certificate, permit, license, or any other document, to make
good this omission, within a period of time to be fixed by the Corporation.

The tender documents may be obtained Sunday - Thursday, at the Project Management

i, Haifa, between 9 a.m: and 12 noon, on submission of a receipt

Dept., 11 Sderot Pal-Yam,

demonstrating payment (non-returnable) of the cost of the documents into the
Corporation’s account at the Postal Bank. Payment slips for making such payments are
obtainable at the above address or by telephoning 04-861 -861 -5484. Before purchasing
the tender documents, they may be perused at the offices of the Project Management
Department, room 71 0. 7th floor at the Pal-Yam Builidng in Haifa. |

The Electric Corporation has no obligation, to accept the lowest bid or any of them. I

NOTE. In appropriate cases, the Electric Corporation will give preference to suppliers, in
accordance with the Tenders Regulations (Preference for Locally Produced Goods, and
Obligation to Extend Commercial Cooperation).

The Electric Corporation retains the right to negotiate, where this is legally permissible.

y/' sW/ja

millio n, but officials said there are
disagre ements between the two
sides on the construction and
function.

Officials in Amman said Israel
is insisting foe airport be confined
to international flights. The
Jordanians want it to serve local
flights as well.

They said there were also differ-
ences over where foe terminal
should be located - how much of
it in Israel and how much in
Jordan — and on staff numbers.

(Bloomberg)

Haim Shapiro contributed to
this report.

Monday,
June 23, 1997

Tadiran
opens
Moscow
office

ByJEMffERFBfflXiH

Tadiran Telecommunications,
a subsidiary of Thdiran Ltd., has
opened a representative office in
Moscow and is planning to open
another one in Sl Petersburg,
the company announced yester-
day.

“The decision to open an office
in Russia steins from foe increased
demand created by Tadiran's
activities in this market and repre-
sents an important milestone in
our expanding presence in foe
Russian market,” . CEO Haim
Rosen said in a statement
The company first began mar-
keting its systems to Russia four
years ago.

The company announced foe
new office at Expocom Sviaz ’97,
an international telecom exhibi-
tion recently held in Moscow.

During foe exhibition, Tadiran
Telecommunications signed
agreements totalling $5.7 million,
including a deal to provide
Uralsviaanfann, one of Russia’s
largest government telecom com-
panies, with $2.7m. of its
MultiGain 2000 systems.

The system allows telecom
providers to increase foe number
of subscribers it can maintain on
their existing infrastructure.

Tadiran also signed agree-
ments with Udmurttelecom and
Lipetskelectroviaz for a total of
$3m. .

The deals enhance the list of
Tadiran’s activities in Russia.
Tadiran has a development
agreement with LONIIS, foe
Leningrad R&D Institute of
Telecommunications, to develop
local adaptation of existing sys-
tems. ■ ■

Expansion into overseas mar-
kets is part of Tadiran
Telecommunications’ plans to
offset a decrease m local busi-
ness caused by a drop in orders
from Bezeq.

IMF’s Fischer: Gov’t
concealing problems

By DAWP HARMS

* Israel’s political economy is a
mess and the government is guilty
of concealing budgetary problems,
Stanley Fischer, fast deputy man-
aging director of foe International
Monetary Fund, said yesterday, at
a Bank of Israel conference on
Inflation and Disinflation.

Fischer said he believes die
government is using inflation “for
-some purpose,” but declined to
say what that purpose might be.

Speaking to reporters during foe
conference. Bank of Israel
Governor Jacob Frenkel
announced there will be no inter-
est rate announcement today, fol-
lowing last week's 1-2 percent cut
in foe central bank’s key short-
term lending rate. There had been
media speculation that a second
cm would be announced, taking
effect on July 1.

Concerning the broader contexts
of foe cost of living, Frenkel told
the conference that the country has
still to begin foe serious process of
disinflating.

To facilitate effective state mon-
itoring, the governor urged the
government to approve the intro-
duction of formal inflation reports,
as practiced in various developed
economics.

A country like Israel can beat
inflation, according to Fischer,
who pointed to successes across

foe world, particularly in Chile
and Bolivia. "There is no magic
formula, [but] most of these coun-
tries have used an exchange-rate
anchor;” he said.

In each country that has success-
fully suppressed inflation fiscal
strength has been important, with
budget surpluses being recorded in
some cases, said Fischer.

Israel could do well to follow
the recent disinflation experiences
of Spain, according to Jose Vinals
from die Bank of Spain's mone-
tary department. .

Tbe central bank in Spain has
pushed annual inflation down
from some 20 percent in foe 1970s
and 1980s to foe 1.5% mark,
below foe target for 1998 of 2%. ■

The setting of inflation targets
has had a favorable effect on
countering inflation in Spain, with
its central bank believing that it is
possible to do so with relatively
low interest rates, as long as there
is help on foe fiscal front - that is,
a reduced budget deficit.
Furthermore, the legal mandate
granted to the central bank to
achieve inflation targets was
invaluable.

Lower inflation and tight fiscal
policy, according to Vinals, do not
have a negative impact on
employment Spain’s experience
with lower inflation has seen a
decrease in unemployment and an
increase in growth.

Patah (foreign currency deposit rates) (11.9.96)

Cwrmncy (depoattfor) 3 MONTHS 6 MONTHS 12 MONTHS

4.750 5900 ■ 5.375

3.875 4;000 ' 4.250

1-625 1J325 . V 2125

0j625 0.760 1.000

U.S.doSar
Pound starting ffiioo.

German mark (DM 200.

Swiss franc (SF 200.000)

Yan (10 mSton ysn) — ■

(RatM vary higher or fowarthan Indicated acconfing.todepoaff}
Shekel Foreign Exchange Rates* (20.6.97)

CHECKS AND

TRANSFERS BANKNOTES Rep.
Buy Sen Buy Sell Hates 1 *

3.7057 3.7855 — . — 3.7345

3-4105 3.4656 395 3.52 3 ><370

1- 9751 2- 0070 1.84 2.04 1.9918

5.6191 5.7098 5.52 . 5.79 5.6838

0-5853 0.5948 0.57 0.81 0.5901

£9785 3.0266 ' 292 3.07 V . 3.0984.

1.7555 1.7839 1.72 1.81 1.7704

2- 3884 ■ 2.4067 232 248 . ' 23905

0-4*15 0.4487 0.43 098 0.4452

0-4898 0.4774 0.48 0.48 “ 0.4739

0 -5100 0-5270 050 094 0-6231

0-6597 0.6704 0.64 0.68 0.6852

2- 4549 24988 241 • 254 24780

2-6576 25989 251 264 25778

0.7584 0.7686 0.68 0.77 * 0.7623

0- 9572 09727 094 099 ” 096S2

29088 28521 275 290 * 28306 ■

29178 ■ 20502 1.98 208 . . 20349

4.8108 49879 4.75 597 4.9977

0.9700 1.0600 097 1.08 .1.0827

3.8663 3.9277 — — 39967

5-1692 59425 597 ;. 592 . 6.1983

29409 29787 230 ■ 2'42 V -29603

rates vary according to bank./ ^BankoflsraeL
SOURCE; BANK LEUMI

U9

German mark
Pound staffing
French franc
Japanese yen (100)
Dutch florin
Swiss franc
Swedish krona
Norwegian krone
Danish krone
Finnish mark
Canadian doflar
Australian doSar
S. African rand
Belgian franc flO)
Austrian KHUn
ttritan Bra (1000
Jordanian dinar
i pound

(K9

Irish punt

Spanish peseta (100)

•rT.‘

Tt

€7

r

5*

s:

;rac
iSEK
fas
tei
I miss.'
[Me

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©sc

,l?ie;Uerusalem Post Monda y, June 23, 1997

BUSINESS&FINANCE

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Key Representative Rat

gs-oouar . i . .. >as 14370

SterlngL.....NIS 5.6838

•Wei?.--.- NtS 1.9916

John Hancock settles class

action suit for $ 350 m.

COMMODITIES

ROUNDUP

By HCHAEL BJJS

By MICHAEL ZWEBNER

- Gold futures registered new life-
b£cbottact lows on Friday and spot
g^UL .bullion logged its lowest
lyeekly close since 1993. Sources
said’ t&iai: because of the lack of
involvement by fends, there is still
a tot of selling capacity toft in this
market

Id 'the physical market; the acute
shortage of metal pushed short-term
lease rales higher, wife one 'month
palladium lease rates seen around
.130 percent early Friday and one
month platinum around 80%.

August gold dosed down $3.00
per oz. on Friday to close at
$339.40. September silver was
down 330 cents per ol, at 475.90
cents. The- July fegb-grade copper
contract closed down 4.05 cents per
pound, at 118.10 cents.

CommStock Trading

BOSTON (Reuter) - John
Hancock Mutual Life In surance
Co„ hit by an investigation of its
sales practices, on Friday settled a
class- action lawsuit by offering
the holders of 3.7 million policies
about $350m.

The settlement will offer policy-
holders who bought insurance
from 1979 to 1996 a “wide array
of relief and benefits,” John
Hancock said.

“Some customers, although still
getting significant value from their
policies, may not have received all
they had hoped for," Hancock
Chief Executive Stephen Brown
said in a statement “Through this
settlement, we have the opportuni-
ty to recognize and rectify that sit-
uation.”

The Boston-based insurance
company, the nimh-largest in the
US, also said it was in talks with
the Massachusetts Division of

Insurance and regulators from
other states about allegations of
deceptive sales practices.

“We've been talking about them
with the [insurance] commission-
er's office and regulators from a
number of other states for many
months now, and we will continue
to do so until this is resolved,"
Hancock said.

The Massachusetts Division of
Insurance said it recently began a
broad investigation of Hancock's
sales practices and was seeking
company documents! on discipli-
nary actions against its agents over
the past 18 years.

Michael Goetz, a spokesman for
the state insurance division, said
the investigation was in the early
stages and covered the same alle-
gations as in the class-action law-
suit

Specifically, the suit alleged and
officials were investigating a
deceptive sales practice known as
churning, or twisting, marketing

life insurance as an investment
and policies that include so-called
vanishing premium!

“We've made a very substantial
request of them to provide us all of
the names of agents they have dis-
ciplined," Goetz said.

The agency also has requested
sales marketing literature and pro-
cedural manuals for training
agents.

“The purpose of that is so that
we can go, through it and see
whether it bears out allegations of
unfair conduct,” he said. “They've
indicated a willingness to cooper-
ate with oiir investigation."

The investigation of John
Hancock is just the latest shadow
cast over the insurance industry.
The Prudential Insurance Co. of
America could end up paying
more than $2.5 billion to policy-
holders to settle class-action law-
suits alleging that the company
engaged in deceptive sales prac-
tices.

Rush for Hong Kong listings
in last week of British rule

DATA COMMUNICATIONS VIA

fi©fi COMPUTES XYSTEMS-LnnTXD

By DONUT KWOK

Foreign financial data courtesy of

CommStock Hading Ltd.

Futures, Options,
Stocks, Bonds
and Mutual Funds

34 Ben Yehuda SL, Jerusalem

Tel Aviv shares data
supplied by Pacific
Mediterranean Investments,
Tel. 09-958-5873. All other
data supplied by
Commstock Trading. Ltd.*
TeL 02-624-4963. Due to
technical failures data may
be inaccurate, .Hie
Jerusalem Post will not be
held responsible for file; >*.
c<msequenc©sof,any.,.
tr^isaction madeonthe
basis of these data.

Readers who wish to report
missing or misquoted data
should do so on postcards
only, addressed to
Jerusalem Post Business
Desk, P.O.B. 81, Jerusalem
91000

HONG KONG (Reuter) - Six companies will
make a last-minute dash next week 10 list their
Stares in Hong Kong before the territory's
return id Chinese rule, hoping to ride a wave of
jxe-harxtover euphoria, analysts said.

Hong Kong returns to Hhma on July 1, mak-
ing this week the final one under colonial rule.

“They are trying to list before the handover
because they want to tap irrational market
strength ahead of die handover;" said Asia
Fmanrial Securities research manager Kittson
An.

Pre-handover euphoria swept Hong Kong
share prices to record levels last week and
uncertainty about how fee market may reopen
after the handover has prompted die six to list
early, analysts said.

“Merchants banks prefer to have fee compa-
nies Est before the handover because there will
be a long market holiday during which the US
Federal Reserve will bold its [policy] meeting,”
said Percy An-young, research director at DBS
Securities.

' The Hang Kong market wfll be closedjpnJime
30, July 1 and July 2 to mark fee handover and
-the Federal Open Market Committee will meet
- on Jidy 1 todedde an interest rates.

Analysts said there was a chance US interest
rates might rise and this could hurt the market
But after the Hang Seng Index staged its biggest
points gam on Friday, advancing 647.87 points,
or 4.47 percent, to 1 5,1 5436, analysts said there
was enough momentum to see shares move
higher next week.

Three local firms and three China- incorporat-
ed companies - or H-share companies - are due
to list this week, bringing the total number of
initial public offerings (IPOs) on fee Hong Kong
bourse to 37 for the firk six months of 1997.

The local firms are Fairform Holdings, which
is due to start trading Wednesday, and Leading
Spirit Conrowa Electric Co. and OLS Group,
which are both due to make their debuts on
Thursday.

The H-shares are First Tractor Co., which is
scheduled to begin trading today, Beijing
Yanhua Petrochemical Co., slated for trading on
Wednesday, and Jiangsu Expressway Co., which
is due to list on Fnday, fee last trading day
before die handover at midnight on June 30.

"Apart from Fust Tractor and Leading Spirit
Conrowa, die new listings do not appear attrac-
tive," said Ricky 1km, senior research manager,
at Delta Asia Securities.

Analysts said First Tractor should post strong
gains because it will be fee first agricultural H-

MISHTANIM

LAST CHANGE*

LAST CHANGP

LAST CHANGE'

CM Trade-

LEADING 100
TASE ISSUES

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MEKOROT WATER CO. LTD.

Supply Department
TP flnpns PQB S U EEl V OF ELECTPICAL EQUIPMENT

Mekorot Water Co. Ltd. invites companies with appro^efacffih^ancl
g^^^^topartic^ate In a tender for electrical equipment as follows:

1 e TENDER NO. 1 0/97 - ELECTRICAL MOTORS,

aoii AC F. 3000 VOLT, 50HZ

a 9 u^^H^^vshaft motor, rated output 1200 hp, Speed 1000 rpm

B ^ ttoto!! .hall motor, rated output 810 lip. sP^ljjgPg!"

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TASE ROUNDUP

Metropolitan Life Insurance
Co., New York Life Insurance Co.,
and Allianz Life Insurance Co. of
North America all have been
involved in similar actions in fee
iasttwo years.

“Over the years, the company
has taken a number of major steps
to crack down mi inappropriate
sales activity as well as individual
agents who tried to operate outside
the rules," Hancock’s Brown said.

The company said fee settlement
will have “no material impact" on
its financial health.

Under the deal, which is subject
to approval of the US District
Court in Boston, Hancock will
offer policyholders cash contribu-
tions, low interest loans, reim-
bursement for some charges, and
other relief.

Policyholders also may choose
to have their claims considered
through an alternative dispute
resolution process, Hancock
said.

Rate cut fails
to boost shares

Mishtanim Maof

296.91 A 0.18% 304.06 T 0.48%

By ROBERT DANE.

share. Analysts said China's drive to develop
this sector should boost demand for machinery.

The company offered 300 milli on H-shares at
HKS4.50 each in a global float Its Hong Kong
offering of 45 million shares was 296.4 times
subscribed.

Analysts believe fee popularity of I -wading
Spirit Conrowa's electrical appliances in China
will help its debut.

The firm, a spinoff of Leading Spirit
(Holdings), issued 393 million shares at
HK$1 .00. The Hong Kong offering of 275 mil-
lion shares was 113 times subscribed.

“Its parent is trading at a RE. [price to earn-
ings multiple] of about 25 times, while fee com-
pany offered shares at a RE. of about 7.8 times,”
said Au-young. “The shares have the potential to
edge up closer to die RE. level of the parent."

Beijing Yanhua and Jiangsu Expressway
could make tepid debuts due to concerns about
fee petrochemical industry outlook and a heavy
flow of toll road IPOs tins year; analysts said.

Beijing Yanhan offered 1.012 bQUoa H-shares
at between HKS1.68 and HK$225 each in a
global float and Jiangsu Expressway issued 1 J22
mfllion shares at HK$3. 11 each. . .

Local firm Fairform offered 57 mfllion new
shares at HK$1.08 and OLS. Group issued 170
million new shares at HK$L65.

Shares were mixed yesterday as
investors tempered their optimism
about recently announced lower
interest rates.

The Maof Index of 25 most-traded
issues fen 0.48 percent to 304.06 and
the Mishtanim Index of 100 stocks
advanced 0.18% to 296.91 .

The Mishtanim is at a record; the
Maof set its record of 305.83 on June
18.

“On the one hand, the market
made a high move," and people
want to lock in some profits, said
Asher Sela, trader at Tel Aviv securi-
ties firm Elgar.

On the other hand, interest rates -
assuming inflation of 10% - now
provide returns around 1%, small
enough to leave investors “no alter-
native" to stocks.

Lifting Ihe market early on was the
aihitrage in Teva Pharmaceutical
Industries Ltd., Koor Industries Ltd.,
and the companies that made up
what was the Elbit holding company,
said Dror Kraus, investment manag-
er at Kora 1 Investment House.

A prominent loser was Bank
Hapoalim, down 2.75% at N1S 7.83.
Ii was tiie most-active issue, trading

MS 17-8 mfllion of shares.

Across the Tel Aviv Stock
Exchange, NIS 265.2m. of shares
traded. That's 12% more than fee
month's daily average of NIS
236Jm. Gaining shares rose almost
2 to 1 over loseis.

Teva soared 6.5% at 227.46 after
its American depositary receipts
jumped 7.7% in New York ot
T hursday and Friday. Discount
Investments Ltd. was reiterated
“buy" at Sahar Securities; it fell
1.75% to 305.44.

Last Friday, several recommenda-
tions were announced.

Blue Square Investments and
Properties Ltd was down 125% at
35.44. The supermarket chain was
reiterated “buy" at Societe Generate
Strauss TumbulL

Shares of Tadiran Ltd. slipped
0.75% to 100.53. The company was
downgraded to “bold" from “buy" at
Societe Generate.

Israel Discount Bank was reiterat-
ed “buy" at Societe Generate. Its
shares rose 0.5% to 409.

Agan Chemical Manufacturers
Ltd shares fell 225% to 93m The
company was downgraded to “hoy
on weakness" from “strong buy” at
Societe Generate. (Bloomberg)

Canada, US deadlocked
in salmon talks

VANCOUVER (Reuter) - Canada and the US reached a stalemate on
Friday hi bitter talks aimed at resolving a dispute over bow to divide die
Pacific salmon catch, but agreed to meet next week to try again.

“There is still a considerable gap between our two positions,”
Canada’s chief negotiator Yves Fortier told reporters after officials from
both countries said they had agreed to suspend talks.

The two countries held three days of negotiations this week, their fust
meetings on the salmon dispute since talks collapsed in acrimony a
month ago.

Fortier said he was “deeply disappointed" with the talks because US
proposals were not “reasonable or equitable." His US counterpart Maxy
Beth West also said she was disappointed by Canada’s refusal to make
an acceptable proposal to conserve Coho salmon stocks.

The two countries have squabbled for years over how to divide dwin-
dling salmon stocks in the Pacific Northwest and several attempts at a
settlement have failed. Pressure has mounted for a deal because the
summer salmon fishing season gets underway in earnest as eariy as next
week.

“After three days, really nothing has happened," British Columbia
Premier Glen Clark told reporters after the talks adjourned. He called for
a meeting between Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chretien and US
President Bill Clinton, now meeting at the Group of Seven summit in
Denver; to resolve the dispute or agree to submit it to arbitration.

“Canada tots made historic concessions in this round. Americans are
taking advantage of this,” Clark said.

He urged “strong actions to demonstrate we are prepared to protect our
natural resources from unfair foreign exploitation."

The Canadians angrily walked out of the last round of talks on May 20
in Seattle, saying fee lead US negotiator was not authorized to offer a
specific catch reduction.

Canadian Fisheries Minister David Anderson said earlier this week
that prospects for a deal seemed more promising this time because the
lead US negotiator, Mary Beth West, had a mandate to negotiate a com-
promise.

WHERETO GO

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Museums
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JERUSALEM

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a.m. from

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26. 28. For Wo, call 5882819.
HADASSAH. Visit the Hadassah Instal-
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Israeli art. HELENA RUL. _
PAVILION FOR CONTEMPORARY
ART. Shtomo Ben-DatridandAmon
Ban-Davtd, The Inverted Campaign.
Hours: Weekdays 10 am-6 pjn.Tue.
10 am-10 pm FrL 10 am-2 pm
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8919155-8.

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Monday, June 23, 1997 The Jerusalem Post

/C

Tradition in a country garden Elliott leads

Wimbledon’s new Court 1 is a tasteful blend of old and new

By Ora LEWIS

WIMBLEDON - Some things
never change; well, almost never.

If the British are well-known as
staunch guardians of their tradi-
tion. then the powers-ihat-be at the
Ail England Lawn Tennis and
Croquet Club (AELTC) at
Wimbledon are the champions of
keeping up tradition.

Wimbledon is the last major
tournament in the world where the
players must wear predominantly
white attire; it is also one of per-
haps a handful which does not
allow advertising hoardings
around the court.

It is pristine white for the players
and soothing emerald green for the
surroundings, and so it is for the
new Court 1 which was inaugurated
by the Duke of Kent yesterday.

Once inside the new Court 1,
you could be forgiven for thinking
the facility had been there for
decades. But it's during the
approach towards the familiar
grounds of the All England Club
down leafy Church Road that you
suddenly notice that something is
very different It appears as if a
huge alien spaceship had landed in
the middle of the grounds. It
would be a very discreet space-
ship, however.

No. 1 court is a pan of a three-
phase development carried out by
the AELTC to keep the
Championships up with the times.

The 1 1 1 tii Championships

which got under way yesterday
(104th for the women) are vastly
different from those played even
20 years ago. The number of spec-
tators has soared and their demand
for better quality sports facilities
has become ever-more intense.

Likewise, the Championships
cannoL afford to lag behind the
other Grand Siam events.

. - ^ . . v ...> ; •

. .• • _ .

- - * ^ «• •> - >

COME YE - New Court 1, shortly after its completion, beckons players, spectators alike.

Despite having changed the
appearance of Wimbledon from
beyond the gates of Church Road
and Somerset Road, the new court
blends in wonderfully with the
surroundings. The organizers have
described their new* creation as
“Tennis in an English country gar-
den,” and even though no English
country garden sees 32,000 visi-
tors through its gates every day,
the wish to preserve the quintes-
sential character and old-fash-
ioned tradition that is Wimbledon
appears to have worked.

The stadium itself is an architec-
tural exercise in improvement on
the existing Center Court

The shape of the stadium is sim-
ilar, although with a capacity of
only 11,000. the new structure
holds some 5,000 fewer people.
The roof around the back parts of
the seats is said to make this court
lighter than Center Court,
although the roof has been
designed to give the same shad-
ows around the court as those on
its older sister.

While the new Court No. I
begins its role as a venue of leg-
ends. the old court, which was no
more than an afterthought affixed
onto Center Court, has been
reduced to a building site.

The area is cordoned off and all

one sees from beyond the barri-
ers is that some of the seating has
been removed. But upon closer
inspection one notices that the
court itself has disappeared and
the area upon which the tennis
legends of the world once stood
is now a pit with a couple of car-
avans, and some bulldozers who
have wasted no time in beginning
to reshape another part of the
world's most famous tennis
venue.

It will take about two more years
before the work is completed, and
when it is. the organizers promise
a gleaming new press center
which will surely be the envy of

„ ■* • - . .

- 'V

many sporting events. As it is, this
is by far the best press facility I
have come across.

Another part of the redevelop-
ment is the addition of two new
courts, (Nos. 1 8 and 19). They will
replace - for this year - courts 14
and 15.

Court 14 was always known as
the graveyard of the seeds, where
so many fancied players’ fortunes
were killed off by their underdog
opponents.

And while some may lament the
disappearance of old Court No.l,
where so many great matches were
played, none will surely begrudge
Wimbledon a slice of the future.

Aussie charge

LONDON (Reuter) - Australian
left-handed opener Matthew
Elliott smacked a spectacular cen-
tury yesterday as Australia kept up
the" pressure on England in the
Second Test at Lord’s.

Although only 17.4 overs were
possible on the fourth day follow-
ing a series of torrential down-
pours, Elliott took his total from
55 to 112 while Australia
advanced from 131 for two to 213
for seven at the close.

They now lead England by 136
with one day’s play remaining.

Elliott’s fighting innings, his
maiden Test century, took 242
minutes, came from 180 balls and
contained 20 fours. Eleven of his
boundaries came in just 54 balls
vestenlay.

' Australia's intentions were clear
when Shane Wame was promoted
to number four in the batting order
after Mark Waugh had been well
caught at third man by Devon -
Malcolm off Andrew Caddick for

Wame lasted only four balls
before he was caught without
scoring and Steve Waugh also
failed to score, falling Ibw to
Caddick.

Michael Bevan was caught
behind for four, also off Caddick,
but Ian Healy (13 not oat) kept
Elliott company as the tall
Victorian carried the attack to the
England bowlers.

Even though Thursday's opening
day was rained off and only 92 min-
utes’ play were possible on Sunday,
Glenn McGrath’s eight for 38 in
England’s first innings 77 on .
Saturday gave Australia a definite
victory chance that grows as the
players come nearer the final day.

Their batting yesterday showed
they believed lhat they could still
square the six-Test Ashes series,
provided that the rain holds off
today.

Matthew Elliott (Rcnw)

Scoreboard on Sunday, at sharps on
the fourth day of the Second Test
between Australia and England at
Lord’s:

England, 1st Innings 77
Australia, 1st Innings (ove rnigh t 131
for two)

Mark Taylor b Gough 1

MEfliott c Crawley b CadcEck 112

Greg EMewett c Hussain b Croft 45
Mark Waugh c MaJcdm b CackSck 33
Shane Wame c Hussain b Gough 0
Sieve Waugh tow b CackSck 0

Michael Bevan c Stewart b CadcSck 4
Ian Healy not out 13

Paul Reitfel not out 1

Extras (1b, 31b) . 4

TOTAL* 213 runs for seven wickets.
Fail of wickets: 4, 73, 147, 147, 147,
159,212.

To bat Michael Kasprowicz and Glenn
McGrath.

Bowling: Dairen Gough 20-4-82-2,
Andrew Caddick 22-6-71-4, Devon
Malcolm 7-1-200, Robert Croft 12-5-
30-1.

Batting time: 247 minutes. Ovefs: 61.

f - .

■i’. ■

Krajicek bids for Wimbledon repeat Els hangs onto Buick lead

WIMBLEDON — This is Richard Krajicek’s
idea of a good time at Wimbledon: One serve
and a cloud of dusL

Let others whine about playing - and watch-
ing - men’s tennis on grass. The way Krajicek
sees it, Wimbledon is about serving aces, bash-
ing returns and snuffing out rallies in a hurry. .

That’s how he won Wimbledon last year. And
that’s how be plans to win again this year,
when the tournament opens its two-week nm
today at the All England Gub.

“I understand that if the point goes quick,
people think it’s boring,” he said. “But it can
also be spectacular. It’s so special.

You see a match. You see people competing.
It doesn’t always have to be a super rally and
beautiful to watch. The competing makes ten-
nis worth watching ”

Even with big serves and bad hops,
Wimbledon remains as compelling as ever, the
tournament worth watching even when it turns
into a duel of serves on grass.

There are some critics, though, who loathe
Wimbledon. They can’t stand the speed, die
repetition of play.

Someone even asked Krajicek if the place
should simply be paved over.

“I haven’t heard that one before,” he said.
“Of course, the grass is part of the tradition.
We’re only on grass for four weeks on the tour.
And yes. the fact that there are a lot of big
servers, they have the advantage.

“But if you’re a good player, like (Andre)
Agassi, you can win from the back,” he said.
“Of course, it’s very difficult. Fast surface, bad
bounces, you’ll get short rallies.”

Richard Krajicek (Remen

This year should be no different
Krajicek is the defending champion and No.
4 seed, but Pete Sampras, No. 1 seed and three-
time champ, is the favorite among the men.
Others to watch include" No. 2 Goran

Ivanisevic, No. 3 Yevgeny Kafelnikov and No.
7 Mark Philippoussis, the tour's rising star and
an impressive winner at the Queen’s Club
grass-court event earlier this month.

With reigning champion Steffi Graf sidelined
by a knee injury, the women’s event is wide
open, mirroring the state of a game that is in
transition.

No. 1 Martina Hingis has won a title at
Wimbledon - in doubles. But she is still trying
to establish her dominance of the tour. No. 2
Monica Seles continues to endure serving
problems. For No. 3 Jana Novotna, this may
turn into a last best chance to finally conquer
Wimbledon.

Krajicek knows all about conquering
Wimbledon now.

When he showed up last year, he was unsung,
but hardly unknown. At 6-foot-5 and with a
booming serve, there were many in tennis who
figured that Krajicek, 25- was tailor-made to
win Wimbledon.

But Krajicek apparently wasn’t one of those
who believed he could win.

“TWo big changes happened last year at
Wimbledon,*’ he said. "My return of serve had
improved a lot It was always a problem. 1
would hold serve, but I would not make a break
of serve.

“Also, the way I move cm grass, that was a
problem,” be added.

*Tm not one of the lighter movers. I was
afraid to slip. Wben you’re afraid to slip, you
run more careful. You just don’t look natural.”

Krajicek decided to become natural. “Now I
not afraid to fall,” he said.

JM*

HARRISON, New York (AP) - The Westchester
Country Gub took a slight measure of revenge
against South African Ernie Els on Saturday -
enough, at least, to prevent him from running away
with the Buick Gassic after three
rounds.

Els. who led for a time by eight
strokes, bogeyed out of the rough on
No. 13 and out of die sand on No.

1 6 to come back to the field. His 4~
under round of 67 on Saturday was
good for a three-round total of 14-
under 199 and a three-stroke lead
over Jeff Maggert, who had a 66.

Jim Furyk was alone at 9-under
204 following a 2-under round of
69. Robert Damron was at 205 after
a 68.

Els’ total was one stroke better
chan the Buick Classic 54-hole
record, which he sei last year in an
eight-stroke victory. He has been
under par 13 of the 1 5 rounds he has
played competitively at the
Westchester Country Club. Ernie Els

Still, Els could not make it a complete rout
Saturday.

“I made a couple of mistakes coming in.” Els said.
“It was not die best of finishes.”

Els, Who beat three golfers
' 4 pclftdihg Jtfaggert on the rmal .
•nine of the 11$ Open last weekend
at Congressional, is trying to
become the first back-to-back,
wire-to-wire winner on the PGA '
tour since Phil Mickelson won in
1995 and 1996.

Highlights of Els’ round included
an up-and-down birdie after he
nearly drove the 326-yard (300-
meter) par-4 seventh hole and a
two-putt birdie after he drove the
314-yard 1 0th.

Tiger Woods shot an even-par 71
and was 16 strokes behind Els at 2-
over 215. .Woods, who had a streak "
of 11 straight rounds under par start-
ing with the first round of the -
Masters, has now failed to break par
(Renter) in 10 of his last 11 rounds.

V ' ’Si

Maradona hires Ben Johnson

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10 words (minimum), each additional
word - NIS 10520.

Rates are valid until AUG 31 1997.

DEADLINES offices:

Jerusalem - weekdays: 12 noon the day
before publication: for Friday 4 pjn. on
Thursday.

Tel Aviv and Haifa - weekdays: 12
noon, 2 days before publication; for Fnday
and Sunday: 4 p.m. Thursday In Tel Aviv
and 12 noon Thursday in Halm.

For telephone enquiries please call
02-5315644.

DWELLINGS

General

WHERE TO STAY

JERUSALEM LODGES LTD.
Short and long term rentals.

Bed and Breakfast,

P.O. Box 4233, Jerusalem 91044.
Tel. 02-5611745, Fax: 02-561-6541.

. Jerusalem Area

RENTALS

KJRYAT MOSHE, 8ST FLOOR, heating
■ parking, for resident ial/offices. $990
GLOBUS. Tel. 02-651-2882.

GERMAN COLONY, BEAUTIFUL, 3.5,
garden, private entrance, $1,400. Imme-
diate- Tei. 07-635-8160.

GERMAN COLONY, UNIQUE, 3 or 4~
garden, basement parking, long term. Im-
mediate. (No commission). DIVIROLU
SIANI. Tel 02-623-5595.

GIVAT HAMIVTAR, VILLA, 4 bedrooms,
salon, double conveniences, garden.
TfcL (02) 532-3174, 050-533807.

HAR HADAR, VILLA for rent 270 i
$1,500. Tel. (05) 252-1190, (02)
5162.

R EH AVIA, 4.5, 2ND lioor, furnished,
spacious, view, from September, long-
term possible. Tei. 02-676-8776 (NS).

TALBIEH, (TCHERNICHOVSKY), 2.5, +
balcony, 3rd lioor. $750. Heat unfur-
nished, gorgeous. 02-586-5631.

TALBIEH, 2 + dining area, ground floor,
balconies. Tel. 02-561-7311. 10:00 -
13:00 , 02-628-9956 evenings-

ROOMMATES

OLD TALPIOT, 3, FURNISHED to share.
Tel 02-671-9080.

SALES

REHAV1A, 4 ROOMS, beautiful, air con-
ditioning, Jacuzzi, option to rent. Tel. 02-
566-2490.

25 CENTER, 3 possible or jacuzzi, 6
year, west, elevator, Tel. 02-625-2971
(N-S.)

GERMAN COLONY, LARGE, unique 2,3
or 4. Basement, garden, immedlaie (no
commissions). DIVIROLLI SIANI. Tel.
02-561-2424.

WOLFSON TOWERS, 4.5 rooms, facing
ctiy, high floor, view. Tel 02-5 63-5638.

CLAS SIFI EDS

DWELLINGS

Tel Aviv
RENTALS

AZOREl CHEN, 5 + large terrace, air
conditioning, doorman, country Club.
YAEL REALTOR. (MaWan). Tel. 03-642-

DWELLINGS

Sharon Area

SALES/RENTALS

hErzuya PITUAH , KFAR Shmarya-
hu, for sale/rent luxurious villa. Long
term. Immediate. Tel. 09-954-0994.
050-338-126.

SALES

HERZL1YA-PITUAH, FANTASTIC COT-
TAGE, wonderful view, superior finish,
SI, 600.000, Olivia. Tel. (09) 958-3815.

DWELLINGS

Haifa and North

SALES/RENTALS

LUXURIOUS HOME, COUNTRY setting
In great lamily neighborhood, Gival
Avni. Tei. 06-677-9208.

SITUATIONS VACANT

Jerusalem

HOUSEHOLD HELP

SEEKING EXPERIENCED METAPE-
LET for 8 month old triplets. Recom-
mendations required, live-in optional.
Tel. 02-679-0854.

WANTED URGENTLY FULL-TIME
metapeleL Light housework in givat
Ya'arim. Tel. 02534-2204.

SITUATIONS vacant

SITUATIONS VACANT

Tel Aviv

HOUSEHOLD HELP

SOUTH-AFRICAN AU PAIR AGENCY Is-
rael based, requires many South Afri-
can/other girls, live-in au pairs country-
wide. Top conditions * high salary.
Wonderful Job opportunities. 03-619-
0423.

IMMEDIATE JOBS AVAILABLE, friend-
liest families, best conditions, the agen-
cy with a heart for the Au Pairs. Calf HB-
ma, Tel. (03) 965-9937.

METAPELET, PLEASANT FAMILY,
high salary . Live-in / live-out. Good
conditions. iel. 03-537- 1036.

OFFICE STAFF

FOR LAWYER, TYPIST, Word 6, flexible
hours, suitable for student + lull time.
Tel. 03-527-1919.

ENGLISH SHORTHAND-TYPIST, He-
brew knowledge, organizational capabil-
ities. C.V. P.O.Box 606. Tel Aviv
61006.

SECRETARY ENGLISH MOTHER-
TONGUE, knowledge In WORD. Imme-
diately. Fax. 03-681-6091.

SITUATIONS VACANT

Southern Coast

OFFICE STAFF

INTERNATIONAL CONTRACTOR IN
Ashkelon seeking English /Hebrew
stall:

1) Project Assistant (Junior) 2) Secre-
tary. TA 03-752-5124

TORONTO (AP) - Diego
Maradona, twice suspended for
doping offenses and virtually
retired from Boca Juniors, has

SITUATIONS VACANT

Haifa and North

HOUSEHOLD HELP

ENGLISH-SPEAKING AU-PAIR FOR
English-speaking family, north of Israel,
starting July, childcare + housework.
Tel. (04) 983-6015, (04) 866-4810.

DWELLINGS

Tel Aviv

HOLIDAY RENTALS

BEAUTIFUL S“'JD!C 4NC 2 s/c
a pa rime nls, Bar. Gurton 3ivd.. tourists/
businessmen, short/long term. Tel. 03-
696-9092.050-358972.

Tel Aviv
GENERAL

KOREAN SPEAKERS WANiEC To.

maneni job In Ramai Gan! High &

CaflMiehal at 03-575-8255.

International Non-Governmental Organization ( NGO ) Based in Europe

• requires

ADIVUNISTRATTVE ASSISTANTS

Qualifications: * Business administration education and experience

* Good interpersonal skills j

* Fluent English i

' Dtiic-laag-jagc? ir. ussc;

Interested candidates are requested to call our representative
TeL 050-539 803, between 6 pan. and 9 p-m-, until June 27, 1997

hired banned Canadian sprinter
Ben Johnson as a $l,000-a-day
personal trainer.

"I want to be the best in the
world again,” Maradona said at
York University on Saturday.
“Ben’s the fastest man in the
world - a powerhouse, an ani-
mal.”

Johnson, 35, was stripped of his
Olympic 100-meter gold medal in
1988 and suspended for two years
for using anabolic steroids.

The IAAF banned him for life
after he failed another drug test in
1993. A court decision on whether
he should be reinstated will come
down July 21.

Maradona, 36, was suspended
by FIFA for 15 months in 1991
after testing positive for cocaine
use following an Italian league
game. He also was thrown out of
the 1994 World Cup and sus-
pended for having used banned
stimulants.

PERSONALS

General

PERSONAL

Creative, sensitive, gentle,
good-looking, 33/1 82,
interested in meeting
intellectual, good-looking, s
whose depth and love is 1
uncompromising.

Yossi. Tel. 02-561-7204

VEHICLES

General .

. UNRESTRICTED

1996 CHEVY ASTRO, 4X4. loaded,
leaving the country, must seat jeep -
1986. Tel. 050-652-194.

VEHICLES

PASSPORT

1995 OPEL 2.0L Vectra 26km. must
sen. Tel. (02) 583-4563. (02) 627-4676,
BUI.

Kareem of the Krop

Kareem Abdul Jabbar is expected to arrive in Israel, promoting a
Streetball basketball championship in Jerusalem. The 3-on-3 tourna-
ment, is scheduled to take place in the capital’s Safra Square between
July 8-10. The games are sponsored by Adidas;

During the three-day event, which is held in cooperation wih the
Municipal Sports Authority, Safra Square wifl.be outfitted with 16 half-
court basketball courts.

A 1 6-19 year-old tourney is slated for Rabin Square inTel Aviv on July
30. For further information, telephone 03-5444883.

American League
East Division

W L Pet

Baltimore
New York
Toronto
Detroit
Boston

W L Pet
47 22 .681
40 31 .563
33 35 .485
32 37 .464
31 40 .437

National League
East Division

W L Pet

W L Pet
Atlanta 46 26 .639

Florida -■ 42 29 591
Montreal 41 30 577.
New York 40 32 £58
PWadalpKa 22 43 314:
Central Division
Houston 36 37 .493
Pittsburgh 33 39 .458
SL Louis -32 39 .451-

Central Division
Cleveland 36 32 529

Milwaukee 34 34 .500

Kansas City 33 35 A85

Chicago 33 37 .471

Minnesota 33 38 .465

West Division

Seattle 41 31 .569

Anaheim 37 34 .521

Texas 36 34 .514

Oakland 30 44 .405

36 37 A9S ±

33 30 .458 - 2!t
32 30 .451— V ?

Ctncinnali 30 41 .423' . 5'.
Chicago 28 44 : ^389. 7K
West Division

SanFrandsco 41. 31 569 - -
Colorado 39 34 534 . . .2 X
Los Angeles 36 36- 50Q j5
San Diego 30 42 .417 * 11

Saturday’s AL results: Cleveland 13,NY4; BaltinroreS^tobittb 1; Chicago
5. Minnesota 3: Kansas City ar Milwaukee, ppcL. rain; Detroit 15, Boston 4;
Seattle 15. Ter.as 8: Anaheim 5. Oakland 3. - '

Saturday's NL results: Montreal 4, Florida 3; Houston 7,Xhi cago 3; Los
Angeles 11, San Francisco 0; NY 3, Pittsburgh 2; Atlanta 9, Philadelphia 8; Si.
Louis 6, Cincinnati 2; Colorado 9, San Diego 4. ,'S. ' •

H

.\c.

...

J0^^wsa|^.port Monday, June 23, 1 997

WHAT’S ON

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■ V\j^nw^an Tnaestro Steven Gunzenhausea

'ijm * faeKfobo^O^^ in ^

■ . .wwftiK ib L'UaUam in Algeri by RossmL

s Third Suite and Paganini's First
.Vi^Mnr. Concerto' ; with Austrian Benjamin
Sdm^i as sotoist Singer Esti Kenan Ofri
-joins- ;toi perforin Berlioz’s Folk Sonus.
^TpiBCttOw inffehariya, Wednesday m Givat
yBBamra; Saturday in'Ein Hasbofet (9 pm)
'. 29.Hil>oiot^ July 1 m Kimaron and July

V3 at foe Id Aviy Museum. Performances at

^5 ETHWjC MUSiC~

".-r. V : r. ■ . : • ' Helen Kaye '

A new series of ‘The Larry Sanders Show’ starts
tonight on the Family Channel.

... \Vlado KresGn tnings music from Slovenia to tte
^tbe Jhbal Ethnic Arts Center tonight at 9 pum. KxesDn,
- who darted ont as a rock singer, is one of Slovenia’s
: mod popular artists.

FILM

Adb^ia Hoffman

' AcAA CON ASK - This is a noisy, fed-moving,
violent affair - ridiculous in its essence but cleverly
packaged, too, so that both diehard action fans and
those with a more old-fashioned yen for character and
[dpt should be satisfied. ; ?

/ After serving a prison sentence for manslaughter
.(he was defending his wile’s honor and acridentag y
: killed a man) Nicolas Cage is put on a US Marshal
plane bound for home. But his fellow convicts on
board - an ngty-Iooking bunch whose flamboyantly
depraved members include sadistic ringleader John
Maflrovich, black militant Ving Rhames and Steve
Busoemi, as a sort of boyish Hannibal Lecter- plan
to hijack the plane, IdD a few guards and make a break
for Colombia. Caught in foe qoss-fire, Cage has no
choice but tti try and save .foe day. Also with John
Cusack, as a Fed in stylish sandals. (Engfish dialogue,
Hebrew subtitles. Parental guidance very strongly
advised.) , ;

*★* GHOSTS FROM THE PAST - There’s
nothing sexy or sensational about this Rob Reiner
film, a straight-ahead recounting of foe belated 1994
attempt to bring to justice the white s u premacist
responsible for foe- 1963 murder of civil rights

activist Medgar Evers. Visually, structurally, and
rhythmically, foe picture is merely functional and
could easily pass as made-for-TV movie. Despite its
stylistic limitations, though. Ghosts comes closer to
animating honestly (he emotional legacy of racism
and oppression than many sticker films about the
civil rights movement. Working from a well-
researched, adequately writm script by Lewis Colick,
Reiner takes a true story and attempts to tell it as
clearly as possible. He assumes - correctly in this
case - that an unadorned recreation of foe actual
events is bound to be much more compelling than a
bogus load of pseudo-documentary pap. The result is
an engrossing character drama. With Alec Baldwin,
Whoopi Goldberg, Janies Woods and a fine cast of
supporting players. Released in foe US as Ghosts of
Mississippi. (English dialogue, Hebrew subtitles.
Parental guidance suggested.)

TELEVISION

Elana Chepman

The Family Channel airs the fourth season of The
Larry Sanders Show starting tonight at Sfc 15 p.m. The
award- wiraung series exposes what goes on behind
foe scenes of American talk shows. This season,
Sanders’s show hits foe rocks when his pcodticers
decides to quit and Lany (Gary Shandting) has 10 cut
down on costs and raise ratings. His personal life gels
to be zafoer stormy as wefl. Among the guest stars tins
season are Chevy Chase, Ryan O’Neal, Jeff
Goldblum. Larry King and Rip Tom.

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. . - -ACROSS . .

1 Sight of glasses not quite

MT{9) ■

- 8 For - example, Leicester's
• rtrial far fleering (5-8)^

11 Trophy of battle in opr
times? (5)

12 Reserve of ready money,
we are told (5)

13 Broken English in Hull,

. • say? (5) •

16 Remove outer skin of pickle
.( 6 )

17 Take in meaning (6)

18 Underwriters of unusual
means (5)

19 It may grow on walls of
church, in changing line 16)

20 Pair liberal in car... (6)

21. ..and in abundance at :

disco (1,4)

24 People at the bar in
jockeys’ colours (5)

26 Theme of a singer (5)

27 Possibly, he pre-selects a
runner at Aintree (13)

28 Tall, thin people training
• runners (9)

.. DOWN

2 Put forward pawn to open
(5)

3 Here, you risk an offence in
company (6)

4 Broad Street, 1 said to be a
meeting place (6)

6 like the poetry of Cyril in
translation? (5)

6 His trionic quality? Lyric
hate it at break! (13)

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7 One from France went
along with solo (13)

9 Accountant ineffectual
without motivation? (9)

10 In this branch of
mathematics, position the
circle to touch lines (3,6)

13 Colour not used by Titian,
when nature provides it (5)

14 Dance in prison? (5)

15 Nightclub inventor? Not
haUI (5)

22 Almost lose sight of evil
sprite (6)

23 He is up in Argentina with
a nasty cough (6)

25 Riddle of Lear's craft? (5)

26 Suspicion of footprint (5)

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Yesterday's Quick Solution
ACROSS: 1 Annulled, 7 Pl«iO| 8
Potential. 9 End, 10 Lair, II Kitten,
13 Ragged, 14 Jersey. 17 Oberon, 18
Slow/W Imp, 28 Tableland, as

Lurch, 24 Fearless.

DOWN: 1 Apjml, 2 Not^ SlW

4 EHxir, 5 Haven, 6 Headway, 7
FUtter. 12 Beneath, IS Rapidly, IS
Bulrafa, 18 Double,' X7 Opera, 18
Wades, *1 Tear.

BifiP

quick crossword

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ACROSS
1 Retract (4,2)

4 Stableman 15)

8 Wanderer '(5)

9 Marsupial (?)

10 Housebreaker (7)

llFtete(4)

12 Excavate ( 3 )

14 Design, plot W

15 Wine (4)

ggj ^nnd rtun custo 111

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DOWN

1 European river (6)

2 Naval officer (7)
3La^y(8)

4 Aquatic bird (4)

5 SSSL(5)

1 6 Distress signal (6)
7 Turf (5)

13 Macabre (8)

16 Upper limit CD

17 Prestige (6)

19 Mischievous trick
( 6 )

20 Proper; fitting (6)
22 Swagger (5)

24 Fly upwards (4)

■ CHANNEL 1

6:30 News flash
6:31 News in Arabic
6:45 Exercise Time
7:00 Good Morning
Israel

■ EDUCATIONAL

8:00 Reel Truth
8:30 Basic Arabic
9&0 Reading
&20 Nature
&45 For the very

10:15 Sciences
10:40 EngTish
11:10 Social
Sciences
11:40 Tolerance
12:10 Sciences
12:30 History
13:00 Plain Clothes
13:45 Cartoons
14:15 5itty Cal and
Tommy

14:30 Quentin Quack

14:55 Cartoons
15:05 Without
Secrets

■ CHANNEL 1

15:30 Motonnice
from Mars
15:55 Body
16^0 Dubiteh
16^5 Yetadudes
1&50 Plasticine
Tales

16:59 A New Evening
17:34 Zappy
Entertainment
18:15 News in
Engfish _

ARABIC
PROGRAMS
18:30 Sports
19:00 News

HEBREW
PROGRAMS
19:30 News Rash
19:31 Hebrew video
dips

20:00 News
20:45 PopOlitica
22:10 Bugs -a new
season of the crime
series set in the 2ist
century. A freelance
team of communica-
tions experts tights
crime using technolo-
gy, not aura. With
Craig McLachlan.
Jesse Birdsafl and
Jay Griffiths.

23.*00 The Thin Blue
Line

23:30 News
00:00 Daily Verse

■ CHANNEL 2

6:15 Todays
Pro^ams
6:30 Tricky
7 KM) Breakfast

SfcOO Meetings
10:00 Pablo
11 riX) The Brffis
Empire

11^0 Fudge- new
series for difldren
12:00 Doug
12:30 Basic Arabic
13:00 Kate and AlDe
13:30 Open Cards
14:00 Degrassi
Junior High
14:30 Tic Tac
15:00 New Generation
15:30 Make A Wish
16:00 The Bold and
the Beautiful
17:00 News maga-
rine with Rafl Reshef
17:30 The Fresh
Prince of Bel-Air
18:00 Sindbad
19:00 Baywateh
20:00 News
20:30 It's Nothing
21:10 IDF 1
21:45 Dan Shian Live
23:20 Mllennium
00:00 News
00rt)5 Millennium -
contd.

00:25 NigM Owls
Talk

2ri)0 On the Edge of
the Shelf

■JORDAN TV

15:30 Holy Koran
15:40 Spirou
18:05 Neighbors
16:30 In the Wild -

documentary
17:00 Tilt

17:30 Blue Heelers
18:10 French programs
19riXI News in French
19:30 News head-
Bnes

19:35 Murphy Brown
20:00 Discover maga-

2B10

20^0 Murder She
wrote

21:10 Highlander
22:00 News in
EngEsh

22:30 The Write

Verdict

23:15 Homicide

■ MIDDLE EAST TV

7KJ0TV Shop
14:30 The 700 Club
15KH) Geibert
15:30 Dennis the
Menace

16.-00 Larry King
17:00 Family
Chalenge
17:45 Beakman’s
World

18:10 Perfect

18:35 Saved by the
Bell

19:00 Showbiz
19:30 World News
Tonight

20:00 Cosby Show
20:25 Major Dad
20:50 News Racfio
21:15 Diagnosis
Murder
22:05 Mattock
23:00 CNN
23:30 The 700 Club
00:00 Quantum
Shopping

■ ITV 3 (33)

16:00 Cartoons
16:30 Panorama
17:00 Adventures
and Challenges
18:00 To Whom It
May Concern
19:00 News in Arabic
19:30 Doctors Tak
20:00 News
20:45 International
Art Magazine
21:15 Open City
(Italian, 1945) - Anna
Magnani stars in this
classic account ot the
Italian resistance dur-
ing the Nazi occupa-
tion of Rome.

Directed by Roberto
Rosseini.

22:55 The Duchess
of Duke Street

■ ETV 2 (23)

15:30 Mom, P.I.

16:00 WSdffie in
Russia

16:30 Scientific
• orary

17:00 Fruits of the
Earth

17:15 MHestones in
Science and
Technology
17:30 Faces of
Culture

18:00 Basic Arabic
18:30 Family
Connections
19:00 Female .
Perspective
19:30 Vis 8 Vis
19:50 HeOo Pnina
20:00 A New Evening
20:30 Cybemews
21:00 Star Trek:

Deep Space 9
21:45 Situation
22:45 Female
Perspective
23:15 Europe by
Design

■ FAMILY
CHANNEL (3)

7:00 Good Evening
with Guy Pines (rpt)
7:30 Love Story with
Yossi Siyas (rpt)

8riW Dafias (rpt)

9:00 One Lite to Live
9^5 The Young and
the Restless (rpt)
10:30 Days of Our
Lives (rpt)

11:15 Zirigara (rpt)
12:00 Bamaby Jones
12:45 The Streets of
San Francisco
13:30 Whigs
14:00 DaDas
14:50 Days of Our
Lives

15:35 The Nanny
16:00 Hercules
16:45 Zingara
17:30 Good Evening
with Guy Pines
18:00 Local
Broadcast
13:30 One Ufa to
Live

19:15 The Young and
the Restless
20:00 Sunset Beach
20:50 Married With

Children
21H5 The Larry
Sanders Show - new
season

21:40 Seinleld
22:05 Ned and Stacey
22:30 Love Story
with Yossi Siyas
23:00 Seinleld (rpt)
23:25 Babylon 5 (rpt)
00:15 The Streets of
San Francisco
1:05 Bamaby Jones

■ MOVIE
CHANNEL (4)

11:30 American
Friends (1993) -a
staid Oxford don
meets two Eberated
American women on
a vacation abroad.
With Michael Palin
13:10 Seeing Stars
14:00 Best Shots
(1990) - comedy
about a young man
who must earn his
own keep when he is
disinherited
15:15 New in the
Cinema

15:30 Amore! - a
bored banker decides
to change profes-
sions and moves to
Hollywood. With
Effioti Gould and Jack
Scalia

17:00 Perry Mason:
The Poison Pen
(1990) - Mason
defends the ex-wife
ota murdered novelist
18:35 Berlin -
Jerusalem (Hebrew,
1989) - two women
in tum-of-the-century
Berlin try to affect the
future Jewish State.
Directed by Amos
Gitai. With Lisa
Kreuzer and Rivka
Neuman

20:20 111 Fly Away
Then and Now
(1994)- sequel to
the successful TV
series about a civil
rights lawyer and his
beck housekeeper
who battle racism
22:00 The Affair
(1995) - tragic tale ot
love between a black
American G I and a
married

Engfishwoman in
WWII and the conse-
quences of the secret
affair being cSscov-
ered. With Kerry Fox
and Courtney Vance
23:46 American
Samurai (1992) -
martial arts with
Michael Dudiroff
1:15 Captives (1994)
- a prison dentist has
an affair with an
inmate and is black-
mailed by her lover's
cellmate

3rf)0 The Babysitter
(1995) (rpt)

■ CHILDREN (8)

6:30 Cartoons
9:00 Mighty Max
9:30 Waiting for
Summer

9:35 Pink Panther
10:00 Where on
Earth is Carmen
Sandtego?

10:25 Lois and Clark
11:20 Farnffy Matters
11:45 Fun on Six
12:15 Chiquilitas
13:00 The Story
TeHer

13:10 Sonic
13:35 Inspector
Gadget

14:00 The Little Bits
14:30 Mighty Max
15:05 Pink Panther
15:30 Where on
Earth is Carmen
Sandiego?

16:00 Ocean Girt
16:30 California
Dreams

17:05 Fun on Six

Newsflash

Hebrew

video clips

Popoiidca

The Thin
Blue Line

17:45 Chiquititas
18:30 Honey Bee
Hutch

19:00 Journey to the
Center of the Earth
19:30 Israeli Step by
Step

19:50 Animaniacs
20:15 Married With
Children
20:40 Rose an no
21:10 Cosby Show
21:35 Different World

■ SECOND
SHOWING (6)

22:00 Without You
I’m Nothing (1990) -
Sandra. Bernhard
stars in an adapta-
tion of her standnup
comedy show where
she makes fun ol
love, middle-class
people and sexual
politics.

23:30 Lady of
Burlesque (1943) -
comb thriler about a
stripper who investi-
gates the murders of
her colleagues. With
Barbara Stanwyck

■ CHANNEL 8

6:00 Open University
8:00 Wings of the
Red Star, part 11
(rpt)

9:00 Return to the
Sea. part 8
9:30 Coppelia - per-
formed by the
Australian Ballet
11:20 StiU Life at the
Penguin Cafe -
Royal Ballet
12:00 Ravel's Piano
Concerto
12:35 World on a
Plate (rpt)

13:15 Travelogue
13£5 Big City Metro:
Seoul (rpt) -
14.-05 We Have No
War Songs (rpt)
15:10 Hell Bento

16:10 Human
Nature, part 8 (rpt)
17:00 Open
University - Spear of
the Nation: The
Hermitage; Growing
Awareness
19:05 World on a
Plate, part 10
19:30 Travelogue:

Fiji

20:00 Big City Metro,
Part 10: Hong Kong
20:30 Investigative
Report with Buie
Moskona Lennon:

The Godfather of
Kyoto - Japanese
organized crime
21:45 America
Undercover Mob
Stories - five leading

mafia figures talk
candidly about the
mafia lifestyle
22:40 Human Nature
23:30 Open
University - Struggle

For Democracy;

MOVIES

-

News

Sunset

Beach

It’S

Nothing

IDF 1

Married

With

Children

The Larry

Sanders

Show

DanShfion

Live

Seinfeld

Ned and f
Stacey

-

Love Story
with Yossi

!&„

Opt)

Israeli Step fTm
by Step Iff

Animaniacs

™ Ffa Married
Away Then With
wxINow Children

Rossaine

Big City
Metro

Investigative

Report

Different America

_ World Undercover.

The Affair Without Mob Stories

You rm
Nothing

I Human
I Nature

Personal Finance;
Chemistry in Action

■ SUPER CHANNEL

6:00 Travel Xpress
6:30 The Ticket
7.-00 VIP

7:30 The McLaughfin
Group

8:00 Meet the Press
9riX) Today
10:00 European
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11:00 European
Money Wheel
15:30 CNBC Squawk
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17:00 Interiors by
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17:30 Gardening by
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18:00 The Site
19:00 National
Geographic
Television -A
Passion tor Africa;
Bfares Highway
20:00 The Ticket
20:30 VIP
21:00 Dateline
2200 NBC

23:00 Best otThe
Tonight Show with
Jay Leno
00:00 Best of Late
Night with Conan
O’Brien

1:00 Best of Later
1:30 NBC Nightly
News with Tom
Brokaw

2rfX> The Tonight
Show (rpt)

3rf0 Intemight

■ STAR PLUS

6:30 Nine To Hve
7:00 Pierre Franey'S'
Cooking
7:30 Gl Joe
8riJ0 Eek! the Cat
8:30 Oprah Wnbey
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11:30 The BoM and
the Beautiful
12:00 Hindi shows
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14:30 Dougie
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15:30 Pierre Franey*s
Cooking

16:00 Living on the

16:30 Hind programs
18^0 Star News
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the Beautiful
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00:30 Vegas
1^0 Oprah Winfrey
2:30 Bamaby Jones

■ CHANNEL 5

6:30 Bcxfies ti Motion
16:00 Bodes in
Motion

16:30 International

Journal

17:30 Soccer. Cupa
America -
Quarterfinal 3
19:15 Soccer Cupa
America -
Quarterfinal 4
21:00 Surfing
22:00 Cupa America

- Quarterfinal 3 (rot)
23:00 Cupa America

- Quarterfinal 4 (rpt)

■ EUROSPORT

9:30 Athletics: Euro
Cup Super League
10:30 Cycling: Tour

of Switzerland

11:30 Soccer. World
Youth Championship,
Malaysia

14:30 IndyCar World
Series

16:00 Tour of
Switzerland

17:30 Tour of

Catalonia
18:30 Supersport
World Series
19:30 Soccer World
Youth Championship,
Malaysia

21:00 Speedworid
Magazine
23.-00 Sumo
OOriX) Soccer World
Youth Championship,
Malaysia
1:00 AT7 Senior
Tour, Czech Repubfic

■ STAR SPORTS
(unconfirmed)

7rf)0 Rugby. British
Lions Tour of South
Africa

8:30 4x4 Road Race
9^0 This is PGA Tax
10:00 Asia Sport
10:30 Rugby;
International Test
Match -New
Zealand vs. Argentina
12:00 Soccer
Kalyani Black Labd
Cup

14.-00 Sports Inda
14:30 MotorcycGng:
Itafian Grand Prix
I6rf30 Wimbledon,
round 1

22rf)0 WLAF Football
1K» Asia Sport
1:30 Equestrian:
Nations’ Cup
2:00 Formula Nippon

■ BBC WORLD

News on the hour
7:30 Corresnndant
8:00 Nerwsdask
9:30 Hard Talk (rpt)
10:30 Correspondent
11^0 BuicEng Sights
12:30 Hard Talk (rpt)
13:30 Top Gear (rpt)
14:00 Newsdesk
15:30 Correspondent

(rpt)

lft5 Wbrid Business
16:30 Asia-Pacific
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17:30 Rtm *97
18:30 Hard Talk
19:30 Tomorrow^

world (rpt)

21:30 Hard Talk (rpt)
22:30 Window on
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£10 Newsnight

■ CNN

INTERNATIONAL

News throughout
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6:30 NBA Week
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8:30 Global View
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11:30 CNN
Newsroom

12:30 Futisa Watch .
13:30 American
Edition

13:45 Q&A (rpt)
14:65 Adan Mews
14:30 World Sport
15:15 Asian News
15:30 Business Asia
16:00 Impact
17-^0 World Sport ■
18:30 Earth Matters
19:30 Q&A
20:45 American
Edtion
21:00 World
Business Today
21:30 World News
22:00 Impact
23:00 European
News

23:30 Insight
OOrfM World
Business Today
00:30 World Sport
1:00 World View
2:30 Moneyfae

■ VOICE OF MUSIC

6.-06 Mormtg Concert
9rf)5 Contemporary -
works ;

12rfX) Li^fl Classical
-excerpts from
operettas by Johann -
Strauss II, Kalman, v
Benatzky. Stolz.

Oscar Straus,
Offenbach, Mildcker
13:00 Artist of the 1
Week- AriMiVbrdL
Mozart Piano concer-
tos nos 12 and 23
14.-06 Encore
15:00 Cycle of WoTte
- Beethoven's piano
concertos
16.-00 Earty music
17KJ0 Etnahta - lira '
from Henry Crown ■’
Auditorium. Sol-La- ,
Re Trio - Francaix:
Trio (1935); Scneidef:
Trio (1991): Martin:
Trio (1967); Mozart
Divertimento ki Eilat
K563

19:00 Rainbow of
Sounds

20rf)5 Mozart Flute
concerto no 1;
Janacek: Idyl tor
string orchestra
21H» A Matter of
Agreement
23:00 Just Jazz

JERUSALEM

CINEMATHEQUE The DevfTs Own 5,
930 -Late Summer Blues 7-ElHornbre
de La Cape Neva 930 G.G. GIL
JerusaterriMan fL&ma) * 6788448 Liar
Uv 5, 7:15, 945 - Bnavte and Burt-head
5. 7:15, 9-^5 • DlfteiBnt Girt 5. 7:15. 9->B -
Weddtog Bel Blues 5, 7:15. 9:45 • The
Saint 5/7:15, 9 j 15 • The Promtse<»KBBng
ZM 6. 7:15, 9:45 - T1wOwimar7:1 5 9:45
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CHEN 1-7 w 6792799 Credit Card
Reservations » 8794477 RawMedier
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Air°°Donnie Brasco 5. 730, 9:45 • 101
Dalmatians 5, 730, 9^15 • Hercules
(EngBsh tSetoguo) 730.9:45 • High School
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7:T5. 9:45 • The BigSsh Patient 6:15, 930

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7546, 10 OAT Hamlet 4, 830 GORDON

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11:15 ajYL 2, 43ft 7:15, 10 •Serf-kfade
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5102674 Opera House Everyone Says I
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7-15. 9:45 -Ghosts From the Past 5, 7:30,
G.G. TEL AVIV « 5281161 65
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Saint»The Chamber 5. 730. 10 TEL
AVIV MUSEUM When the CVsAway 5,

CINEMA GAF£ AMAMI * 8325755
Secrets and Lies 7 - Empire of the
Senses 930 • Breaking the Wtens 6:45,
930 GLOBECTTY *8569900 Kffilng
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GklocBeavis and Butt-head 4:45, 7:15.
9-A5 > The Chamber 4:45, 7:15. 9:45
MORIAH =6643654 Shine 730, 930
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9:15 PANORAMA Urn Liar 430. 7, 930

- Head Above Water 7. 930 - Space Jam
430 • Kolya 430. 7. 930 ■ The Nutty
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82*553 High School High 430. 7. 930 •
Absoltae Power^Dormte Brasco 430. 7.
9:15 .

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Liar 7, 930 • The English Patient 6:15,
9:15
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630. 930 • Marco Polo 7:15. 9:45 • The
Chamber 7:15,9:45
ASHDOD •

G.G. GIL * 8647202 The Saim 5. 730,
10 - Drive 5. 730, 10 • Secrets and Lies
4:45, 7:15. 10 - Marco Polo 5, 730, 10*
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730. 10 -The Chamber 730. 10 • Space
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AhoHIgh School High^Metro 5: 73a
9:45 - The English Patient 6:15, 9:15 ■
Donnie Brasco-eAbsolute Power 5. 7:15,
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BAT YAM

RAV CHEN Absolute Power 7:15, 9:45

• Con Ak 5. 7:15, 9:45 - High School
High 5, 730, 9:45 • Liar Uar 5, 730. 9:45

- The English Patient 630, 930 * 101
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- Con AkbeHidi School High 7, 930
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10 • The English Patient 630, 930 ■
Space Jam 4:45 • Different Girl 5, 73a
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KIRYAT BIALIK

G.G. GIL Absolute Power 7, 7:15, &45 •
Different GirWWra 7:15, 9:45 • Beavis
and ButHtead 7:15, 9:45 • EVwyone Says
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9:45 • The Chamber 7i15, 9:45 • Uar Liar
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9:45 • Doratis Brasco 5. 7:15, 9:45 - 101
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NESSZK3NA

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AD times are pjn. unless otharwfaa
Indicated.

1

Monday, June 23, 1997 The Jerusalem Post

d^.\{sy:

i:*: uw; ;?

in brief

Officials repeat warnings to be careful with fire

Five crews of firefighters yesterday pat out a fire near a gas
station between Holon and Ashkelon. that is believed to have
been caused or made worse by the hot, dry weather.

The Fire and_ Rescue Commission put firefighters on alert and
asked the public to be extremely careful with campfires and cig-
arettes. Firefighters also put out a fire at Har Homa yesterday
afternoon. Police said the blaze, which occurred at a construction
site, did not appear to have been set intentionally. Itim

Heat wave generates record electricity usage

The Israel Electric Corporation yesterday registered a record
high for electricity consumption, with a demand totaling 5,800
megawatts recorded at 2 p.m. By comparison, die high registered
on June 2*. last year was 4,041 megawatts. The highest con-
sumption recorded all last summer was 4,840 megawatts, record-
ed on May 1 2. An EEC official told Israel Radio that it hag a
capacity of up to 6,1 60 megawatts, and thus would be able to
handle this year's projected demand. Itim

Teachers union cancels strike

Teachers Union chairman Avraham Ben-Sbabbat cancelled the
strike scheduled for today following a meeting with Education
Ministry Director-General Benzion Dell yesterday. Dell also met
with National Parents Association chairman Shai Lehman. Dell
told them both that despite budget cuts, classroom hours will not
decrease and classes will not be overcrowded. The rumors that
teachers will be fired are baseless, he said. Jerusalem Post Staff

127 schools given admlnistratne independence

In a revolutionary, move, the Education Ministry is to grant
127 schools pedagogical and financial independence, effective
September 1 . Ministry Director-General Benzion Dell stressed
that the project will not adversely affect either parents or pupils
from the weaker segments of the population.

Meanwhile, the Zippori Center in the Jerusalem Forest is offer-
ing a special course to prepare advisers for independently admin-
istered schools. It will turn out advisers to help principals adjust
to independent administration. Jentsalem Post Staff

Agency leaders visiting former Soviet Union

More than 500 members of the Jewish Agency's Assembly
begin a three -day visit to the former Soviet Union today. The
group will be divided among seven cities - Moscow, Kiev,

Minsk, Odessa, Baku, Tbilisi, and Tashkent. They will get a
first-hand look at agency programs, meet potential immigrants,
ulpan students, summer campers, and parents of youngsters par-
ticipating in programs here. They will then convene here to dis-
cuss a restructuring of the agency. Jerusalem Post Staff

Car damaged in grenade attack

Two grenades were hurled yesterday at a car at die Mesubim
junction, in an attack apparently related to a business dispute. No
one was hurt, but die car was damaged. Several months ago, a
grenade was planted in die car-owner's grocery store. The store
owner has no criminal record. Itim

Panel: Bann cigarette vending machines

The Health Ministry’s advisory committee on smoking has rec-
ommended to die minister that cigarette vending machines be
banned, and suggested examining the possibility of gradually
removing nicotine from tobacco products. Committee bead
Deputy Health Minister Shlomo Benizri said be endorsed die
agreement reached between die US government and tobacco
companies for $368 billion in compensation over die next 25
years. The accord, which must still win Congressional approval
before it is implemented, will help Israel demand at least NIS
27b. from local and foreign tobacco manufacturers and importers
to cover medical costs of tobacco victims. Benizri said he will
soon meet with the health minister and send files on the suit to
die Stale Attorney’s Office. Judy Siegel

Mor-Yosef to head Soroka

Prof. Shlomo Mor-Yosef, deputy director-general of die
Hadassah Medical Organization (HMO), has been named direc-
tor-general of Soroka Hospital in Beersheba. Mor-Yosef, 46,
who studied medicine in Jerusalem, studied oncological gynecol-
ogy in London. In 1990, he was named deputy director of the
Hadassah-University Hospital in Jerusalem's Ein Kerem, and in
1 994 took up the management post with HMO. At Soroka, he
replaces Dr. Yitzhak Peterburg, who has become director-general
of Kupat Holim ClaliL Judy Siegel

Winning cards

The winning cards in yesterday’s Chance draw (174/97) were
die nine of spades, queen of hearts, ace of diamonds, and eight
of clubs. The results of the second draw (175/97) were the
queen of spades, queen of hearts, king of diamonds, and queen
of clubs.

*T * ~

KIM,:: OAVTP
JFKmVLIPf

WEATHER

Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu and Republic of Moldova President Petru Ludnschi speak to reporters after their meeting yes-
terday in Jerusalem. (*“*= H"®")

Deals expected with Moldova
during president’s visit here

Forecast: Partly cloudy to dear. A sfight
drop in temperature.

AROUND THE WORLD

By JAY BUStiHSKY

A slew of bilateral agreements
are expected to emerge from the
working visit to Israel of the
Republic of Moldova's President
Petru Lucinschi, who arrived
yesterday aboard his personal jet
along with his wife and a large
entourage of officials and busi-
ness executives.

Since proclaiming its indepen-
dence and joining the
Confederation of Independent

Yishai:
Budget
constraints
limit facilities
for retarded

A bill designed to provide retard-
ed children with the facilities they
need is being held up by budgetary
constraints. Labor and Social
Affairs Minister EU Yishai told
parents of retarded children and
representatives of organizations
that aid them, at a meeting yester-
day.

Under the proposed law, just as
all school-age children must be
given access to a public school, the
state would be required to provide
facilities for any school-age child
who is retarded, Yishai said..

The parents told him that some
250 retarded children that should
be institutionalized, have not been
due to lack of funds. The burden of
caring for the children full-time
puts a great strain on their families,
they said.

Yishai said that Prime Minister
Binyamin Netanyahu is aware of
the urgency of the issue. A meeting
had been scheduled for tomorrow
with the finance minister, but since
Dan Men dor resigned, the matter
was handed over to ministry direc-
tor-general Shmuel Slavin. (Itim)

States six years ago, Moldova
has been trying to upgrade its
economy by expanding trade and
seeking joint ventures with
Israeli firms. Its per capita
income in 1992 was only $1 ,260,
nearly 12 times less than Israel’s.

Lucinschi declined the pomp
and circumstance of a state visit
in favor of intensive meetings
with Israeli officials and busi-
ness leaders. There was no wel-
coming ceremony at Ben-Gurion
International Airport and no state

dinner was scheduled in his
honor.

The eight agreements due to be
signed during Lucinschi's stay
cover economic cooperation,
aviation, health, tourism, invest-
ment guarantees, exemptions
from visa requirements for hold-
ers of diplomatic passports, and
scientific, cultural, and educa-
tional exchanges.

“There is a rich potential for
trade between our two coun-
tries,” said Prime Minister

Ben-Ari’s remand
extended by 10 days

By RAWE MARCUS

Zvi Beo-Ari (formerly known as
Gregory Learner) was remanded for a
further 10 days by Petah Tikva
Magistrate's Court yesterday, after
police provided additional incrimi-
nating information against the
alleged Russian mafia kingpin.

Ben- An is suspected of commit-
ting an $85 million bank fraud in
Russia, bribing civil servants and
public figures here, and violating
banking laws.

Although police were not prepared
to disclose confidential information
given to Judge Yeshayabu Shneller,
they did reveal drat they had found a
letter sent by Bcn-Ari to certain peo-
ple while be was incarcerated in a
Swiss prison several years ago. The
letter asked other alleged members
of the Russian mafia to help him
escape.

Police are worried that certain par-
ties may try to spring him from his
lock-up here and that others may try
to murder him.

Ben-Ari’s lawyers argued that
when their client was arrested as he
was about to board a plane for the
US, be was in possession of a return
ticket, and intended to return, con-
trary to police arguments that he was
about to flee the country.

Zvi Beo-Ari (left) is escorted into court yesterday. (Israel Son)

Meanwhile, the police presented a
list of seven politicians from the
Likud, Labor; and Yisrael Ba’aliya
parties to Knesset Speaker Dan

Ticboa yesterday. The politicians,
including ministers, can expect to be
summoned to give evidence starting
this week.

ibook

i department

Quick action by naval
officers saves Turk’s life

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By DAVID RUDGE

Quick action by Israel Navy
officers followed by an emergency
operation performed by doctors at
Haifa's Rambam Hospital almost
certainly saved the- life of a
Turkish navy sailor. The
Jerusalem Post learned yesterday.

Yusuf Sonmez, 21, of Kas» near
Antalya, is recovering in a the sur-
gical ward at Rambam following
the operation that was performed
on Thursday night after he had
|>sen diagnosed as having a bleed-
ing ulcer.

Sonmez was aboard tile Akar
logistics ship, one of five Turkish
naval vessels- that was in Haifa
Port for a rest and recreation visit
last week, when he complained of
acute abdominal pains.

An Israel Navy liaison officer; Ll

Dror Timur, had boarded the ship
on Thursday and was asked to help.
. He arranged for the sick sailor to be
brought ashore and took him to the
naval base in Haifa, where he was
examined by a doctor who immedi-
ately arranged for his admission to
Rambam.

Tarair visited Sonmez at the
hospital last night, as did UNIFIL
spokesman Timur Goksel, himself
from Turkey.

“It was lucky that this was
caught before the ships left Haifa
the following day [Friday]. The
operation almost certainly saved
die man's life,” said Goksel.

, Sonmez, who is expected to be
held for at least another week,
was also visited by theTuridsh
Embassy’s military attache. The
embassy will arrange his return
home when he recovers.

Arab youth found dead in Jer usale m

Nasser Fahami, 17, a resident of Shuafat in Jerusalem, was found dead
yesterday in a wadi near a construction site in Pisgat Ze’ev. He had been
beaten with a heavy, blunt object, police aid. adding that the youth had
a criminal record.

Security forces were stoned as they removed the body from the wadi/and
at die entrance to the nearby Shuafat refugee camp the windshield of a Bolder
Police jeep was smashed. The body was taken to the Institute fbr Forensic
Medicine at Abu Kabir. Police said that several avenues of investigation are
being pursued, including the possibility that the mtuder is linked to
Palestinian Authority threats against land dealers who sefi land to Jews. (Mm) -

Amsterdam

Safer)

Buenos Ane
Cairo

Binyamin Netanyahu’s informa-
tion director, David Bar- Ulan.
“The opportunities are virtually
unlimited.*’

Informed quarters named the
director-general of the Prime
Minister’s Office, Avigdor
Lieberman, as the moving force
behind the Lucinschi visit.

They said Lieberman visited
Moldova six months ago and
was especially interested in the
possibility of importing natural
gas from there.

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Riot may
lead Ramie
to segregate
public pool

By Jerusalem Post Staff and Him

The Ramie Municipality is con-
sidering the possibility of a separa-
tion between Arabs and Jews in its
municipal swimming pooL Mayor
Yoel Lavi admitted that the move is
possible, although it may pose a
legal problem. It would be neces-
sary to think of a way of canying

out such a separation, he said.

A mass quarrel between Jewish
and Arab teenagers erupted at the
municipal swimming pool on
Saturday. An Arab resident of
Joarish was stabbed in the foot. The
confrontation was said to have start-
ed young Arabs provoked
Jewish young women, who alerted
their boyfriends. The incident
caused unrest throughout the pool
area and confrontations between
dozens of teenagers followed.
Policemen were summoned to dis-
perse die crowd and close the pooL

In a reaction to tile incident
Miriam Lidor, spokeswoman for tbs
Association for Civil Rights in
Israel said that she disapproves of
separation and will so write to Lavi.

She said that ACRI maintains that
acts of violence and public disorder
must be dealt: with by the proper
authorities, but it refuses to accept a
solution which would signify a sep-
aration between the citizens of the
country on the basis of nationality.

The unfortunate fact that a few
Arab teenagers ran wfld m thc pool,
she said, cannot deny Arab citizens
their right to enter public places.

A forced separation of bathing
daysforArabsand Jews is racist and
barms, the Jewish and' Arab public
alike, die said. ■

The racist commentary in the
media by tire mayor of Ramie caus-
es serious concern, she said. The
may oris responsible for the welfare
of his town's residents without
natioo^itydxficrences. :-

Expressicns^uchas ...the low vio-
lence threshold of Moslem Arabs”
are unacceptable, she added. ACRI
calls On tte irbayor to retract his
racist; rhetoric,: Ftntiiermonsi.it is
callmgnpoa him: to njstilve the ten-
sions ■ between ; tite residents -of his
town inf avray

tire civil riehts ofeverVcitizsL •

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